Bayani da hoto na violet "Sihirin Daji", "Mai Martaba", "Coquette", "Jupiter" da sauransu
Violet ɗin Uzambara, alama ce ta bazara da taushi, da sauri ya rinjayi zukatan masu noman fure. Tuni a cikin karni na 19, al'ummomin masoya na Saintpaulia suka fara bayyana, kuma masu tarawa sun fara aiki akan kirkirar sabbin iri.
Wani muhimmin wuri a cikin zaɓin Saintpaulias ya mamaye abubuwan da kwararrun cikin gida suka samu. Daga labarin zaku koyi yadda nau'ikan violet ɗin waɗannan masu kiwo suke kama, menene fasalinsu na musamman.
A takaice game da masu kiwo
Sunayen Boris Mikhailovich da Tatyana Nikolaevna Makuni sanannu ne ga duk masu ra'ayin violet. Bayan fara kiwon Saintpaulias a cikin 1962, Macuni a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ya sami nasarar samo kyawawan bridan asalin da launuka iri-iri da sifofin fure na asali. Ma'auratan Makuni ne suka haifa na farko Terry Saintpaulia "Natalie".
NASIHA. A baje kolin 1995 a Seattle, violin Macuni sun shahara sosai har an nuna tambarin Superstar na Rasha kusa da su.
Kowane iri-iri da aka samu yana da suna na musamman.... Ma'aurata suna son ba da ayyukansu sunayensu waɗanda ke da ma'ana. Wasu Saintpaulias sun sami sunaye masu alaƙa da tarihin dangi, kamar "Blaha-fly", "Ba zan ba kowa ba!", "Domin tunawa da Tanya Makuni." Akwai kusan nau'ikan 300 na Saintpaulias da Makuni ya yi kiwonsu, yawancinsu sun sami lambobin yabo daga nune-nunen cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje.
A cikin aikin su, masu kiwo suna amfani da kyawawan halaye don hayayyafa. Ma'auratan Makuni ba kawai sun shiga cikin zaɓaɓɓe ba, har ma sun adana cikakkun bayanai game da aikinsu. Wannan ya basu damar gano alkibla masu alkibla da katse layukan mashigar-matattu. Masu kiwo sun buga ayyukan bugawa akan bayanin sabbin iri, haifuwa da kula da violet.
Misali, a ɗayan labaran, marubutan sun ba da shawarar zaɓuɓɓuka don cakuda ƙasa don Saintpaulias, sun gwada su a aikace. Littafin Macuni da Cleven Saintpaulia, wanda ya hada da bayanin binciken tsirrai da kuma shawarwari masu amfani a kan girma da kula da tsirrai, yanzu yana daya daga cikin fitattun wallafe-wallafe a fagen.
Masana sun lura cewa Boris Mikhailovich da Tatyana Nikolaevna sun aza harsashin ginin makarantar kiwo ta Rasha ta violet na Uzambar.
A cikin 2005, a baje kolin da aka sadaukar don bikin cika shekaru 75 na B.M. Macuni, an kafa lambar yabo da sunansa don mafi kyawun masu kiwo na cikin gida.
Shahararrun iri iri tare da hotuna
Yawancin nau'ikan zaɓin Makuni sun zama sananne tsakanin masoya violet, amma masanan da yawa sunyi la'akari da "murmushi na lokacin hunturu" iri-iri don zama katin ziyartar ma'auratan. Wannan Saintpaulia tana da fararen furanni guda biyu masu launin shuɗi, tare da gefunan petals, ɗan ƙaramin yanki mai ɗanɗano koren launi kamar sanyi. Har ila yau, ana ɗaukar "hunturu" ɗayan kyawawan nasarorin kiwo na cikin gida kuma yana ci gaba da karɓar kyaututtuka a baje kolin. Furen yana yaduwa da kyau ta hanyar yankan, yawanci babu matsaloli wajen girma.
Mahimmanci! Idan wasu zaɓaɓɓun zaɓin Makuni a yau an maye gurbinsu da zaɓuɓɓuka masu ban sha'awa na zamani, to "Murmushi lokacin hunturu" ya kasance nau'ikan daban, babu kamarsa.
Za'a iya rarrabe da jerin sharaɗi na zaɓin Makuni.
- A cikin jerin "ruwan hoda", mutum na iya lura da "Pink Sun", wanda ke rarrabe ta manya-manyan fulawa da furanni har zuwa cm 6. "Hasken ruwan hoda" da "Wutar wuta mai ruwan hoda" sun haɗu da launuka iri-iri na ruwan hoda.
- A cikin jerin "duhu", an gabatar da nau'ikan burgundy da purple, wanda shahararrunsu sune "Dark Prince", "Panther", "Graceful Stranger" da "Leshy".
- A cikin jerin "lilac", "Taskar Shuɗi", "Waƙar Solveig", "Farin Ciki Lilac" da "Gorgeous Lilac" suna cikin mafi kyau.
- A cikin jerin “fararen”, za a iya rarrabe nau'ikan da aka fi sani: “White-white Irishka” (wani suna “Irinka-mai farin gashi”), “A cikin tunawa da malamin ilimi Vavilov”, “Ranar Tatiana”, “Vologda lace”. Almara mai suna "Farin-fika-fuka-fukai Gull" yana da taurari masu farin-dusar ƙanƙara tare da kan iyakoki masu haske.
Da ke ƙasa akwai kwatanci da hotunan wasu shahararrun nau'ikan zaɓin Makuni ("Mai Martaba" da sauransu).
"Sihirin daji"
Wannan kyakkyawan violet din yana da duhu koren ganye da furanni biyu masu haske pink-crimson. Za'a iya lura da koren koren kore ko koren gefen gefen petals.... Girman soket misali ne.
A cikin littafin "Saintpaulia" B.M. Makuni da T.M. An ba da shawarar Klevenskoy ya ba da kulawa ta musamman ga "Sihirin daji" lokacin da yake girma daga yankan ganye. Idan ganye suna samun tushe, ana bada shawarar yin hakan a cikin greenhouse. Da yawa daga cikin masoyan violet suna lura da matsaloli a cikin samuwar rosette da jinkirin haɓakar fure.
"Ranka ya dade"
Ana haɗuwa da koren ganyayyaki masu haske mai sauƙi tare da madaukaki ruwan hoda mai tauraruwa biyu. Takalman filawar na da gefuna masu juji. Rosette babba ne, amma mai tsari, an kafa shi da kyau. Sau da yawa wannan ire-iren suna fure tare da fure, kuma ba hutu ba saboda bambancin rarrabuwar kawuna.
Ana ɗaukar "Mai Martaba sarki" ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'ikan zaɓin Makuni kuma ya daɗe yana zama na gargajiya. Masu tarawa suna lura da yawan furannin violets da tsayi, wadataccen sauƙin kulawa, wanda yasa "Maɗaukakin sarki" ya dace da shuka don masoya masu kaɗa violet.
Abin sha'awa, tare da tsarin yanayin zafin jiki mai sanyi, ana iya ganin ƙaramin iyakar koren haske a gefunan furannin. Rashin amfani daga cikin nau'ikan za'a iya ɗauka mara ƙarfi na peduncles, wanda ba zai iya tsayayya da kullun manyan furanni ba.
"Yoke"
"Koketka" yana da rosette na koren ganye mai haske, an yi masa ado da furanni fara-fari-hoda sau biyu tare da filayen koren haske. Manyan furanni sun taru a gungu. A bayyane, "Coquette" yayi kama da "Ranka ya daɗe", amma yana da ƙaramar hanyar shiga.
"Coquette" ya yi fure sosai kuma na dogon lokaci. Furanni suna buɗewa a hankali amma zasu wuce sati 6. Shuka ta huce game da tsananin zafin jiki, amma yana yin tasiri sosai ga wadataccen ruwa.
"Jupiter"
Hakanan ana iya kiran wannan nau'in "Ubangiji". An saka fure mai duhu mai duhu tare da manyan furanni masu ruwan hoda sau biyu masu gefuna. Furannin "Jupiter" na iya yin girma zuwa santimita 8.
"Jupiter" yana da wuyar sha'ani a cikin noman, saboda haka baƙon baƙon abu ne a cikin tarin. Lokacin girma shuki, ana buƙatar haɓaka hankali don zafi, iska da yanayin ruwa. Bayan zabi mafi kyau duka yanayi, yana da kyau a kiyaye su koyaushe, saboda katuwar ruwan hoda ba ta son canje-canje a yanayin zafi ko ɗanshi.
Siffofin rarrabe
Yawancin nau'ikan da Macuni suka aura an rarrabe su da gwargwadon fure, yalwar furanni da juriya. Magoya bayan zabin Makuninskaya suna lura da daidaitattun abubuwan ban mamaki na girman girman launuka da launuka. Yawancin violet suna da kyawawan manyan abubuwa biyu.
Nasiha! Koyaya, kuna buƙatar sanin fasalin samfuran wadatar kuma aika zanen gado don rutsawa kafin alamun sake haihuwa suka bayyana.
Kammalawa
Dogon furanni, sauƙin ado, kasancewar yawancin adadi iri daban-daban tare da furanni da ganyayyaki da siffofi da launuka daban-daban sun sanya violet ɗin uzambara ɗayan shahararrun shuke-shuke na cikin gida. Kiwo na zamani yana samar da sabbin nau'ikan violets masu ban sha'awa.
Koyaya, duk da cewa yanzu an rarraba nau'ikan Makouni a matsayin "retro", har yanzu suna da mashahuri kuma ƙaunatattu a cikin masu tarawa. Duk masu noman tsiro da kuma ƙwararrun ƙwararru masu ƙwarewa za su sami nau'ikan da suka dace da su a cikin al'adun Makuni.