Menene farin phalaenopsis kuma yaya za'a kula dashi? Nasihu don masu fararen furanni

Akwai nau'ikan orchids da yawa a cikin sifofi da launuka iri-iri, kuma duk suna da kyau a yadda suke so. Koyaya, fararen Phalaenopsis nan da nan yana jan ido da kyawawan launuka. Wannan fure mai ban mamaki yana kama da fikafikan malam buɗe ido tare da gashinta.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koya game da tarihin ƙirƙirar wannan matasan, game da abubuwan da aka noma ta, kula da ita da yuwuwar haɓaka matsaloli. Hakanan muna bada shawarar kallon bidiyo mai amfani da ban sha'awa akan wannan batun.

Menene wannan fure?

Wannan furannin yana da sunaye uku: phelanopsis, butterfly orchid da farin orchid... Wannan tsire-tsire mai zafi ne na jinsin epiphytic, wanda ke nufin cewa yana da tushen asali kuma yana amfani da wasu tsire-tsire don tallafi. Hakanan, fararen orchids daidaitacce ne (har zuwa tsayin m 1) da ƙarami (har zuwa 30 cm tsayi).

• Furannin tsire-tsire suna kama da asu a cikin sifofinsu, saboda haka ɗayan sunayen wannan orchid ya fito.
• Blooms har sau uku a shekara.
• Dole ne petal su zama farare - phelanopsis na iya zama kowane launi, haka kuma an haɗa shi da ja, rawaya, kore ko hoda.
• Yana da tsarin tushen ci gaba, amma babu masu ruɗin asiri.

Tarihin kiwo iri-iri

Tarihin ci gaban wannan nau'in orchid ya tafi ne ta hanyoyi biyu - don yanke furanni da tukwane. Gida na kudu da kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Daga can, an kawo orchid kuma an yi kiwo a cikin wasu yanayin canjin yanayi.

John Seden ne ya fara cinikin farkon orchid a 1875... Ya fure ne kawai bayan shekara tara. Zuwa 1900, an kirkiro wasu nau'ikan phelanopsis 13. Nan gaba kadan, a 1927, Phal. Elisabethae, tare da tsarinta mai ƙarfi, ya fi girman girma da kyan gani ga wanda ya gabace shi.

MUHIMMANCI: Tsakanin 1930 zuwa 1950, Greks ne masu fararen furanni waɗanda suka fi shahara. Dalilin wannan shine ci gaban wannan nau'ikan - yanzu yana da manyan furanni fararen launi fari, kuma shukar kanta tana da doguwar kibiya mai yawan kwalliya.

Bayan ƙoliwar farin jinin farin phelanopsis ya wuce, masu shayarwa sun fara nuna son kai wajen haɓaka wannan nau'in musamman don kiyaye gida. Dalilin wannan shine karuwar buƙatar itacen ochids - da yawa suna so su adana irin wannan kyakkyawar shuka a gida.

A zamanin yau, aiki akan ƙirƙirar sabbin nau'ikan ci gaba - suna samun ingantattun halaye, suna zama marasa kyau, suna canza launin furanni da girmansu, amma, duk da komai, orchid har yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan shuke-shuke da ake nema a kasuwa.

Kulawa na Phalaenopsis

Bayan samun irin wannan tsiron, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda za'a kula dashi, lokacin dasawa da ciyarwa. Phelanopsis yana daya daga cikin jinsunan da basu dace ba daga danginsu, saboda haka bashi da wahalar kulawa dashi.

Hasken wuta

Babban mahimmin abu don orchid shine samuwar wadataccen hasken yanayi.... Mafi kyawun zaɓi don farin orchid zai kasance yankin kudu maso gabas ko gabashin gidan - akan irin waɗannan taga taga, furen ba zai karɓi ƙonewa daga rana mai zafi ba, amma a lokaci guda zai karɓi adadin hasken rana da ya dace.

Don phalaenopsis, tukwane masu haske ne kawai suka dace - yayin aiwatar da hotuna, wannan tsire-tsire ba wai kawai ganye bane, amma har da asalinsu.

Zazzabi

Yawan yau da kullun bazai wuce digiri 27 ba, kuma yawan daren bazai faɗi ƙasa da digiri 16 ba. Kafin ka sanya tsiren a wurin, ya kamata ka tabbata cewa babu zayyana. Phelanopsis na iya samun rashin lafiya daga garesu.

Shayarwa

Ana shayar da fure ne kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe... Babu ta yadda za a yi ambaliyar orchid, in ba haka ba saiwoyinta za su ruɓe kuma furen na iya mutuwa.

HANKALI: Haka kuma bai kamata ku shanye shi ba - a wannan yanayin, saiwoyin da ganyayen za su bushe, kuma wani lokacin yana da matukar wuya a rayar da tsiron. A lokacin rani, ana ba da shawarar yin ruwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 3-4, kuma a lokacin sanyi, sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 7-9.

Kalli bidiyo game da dacewar shayarwar phalaenopsis:

Zafi

Danshi da kewayen orchid dole ne ya zama aƙalla 60%... In ba haka ba, furen ba zai sami isasshen danshi ba kuma zai iya yin rashin lafiya. Idan iska a cikin ɗakin ya bushe sosai, ana ba da shawarar sanya kwandon ruwa kusa da tukunyar ko feshin wurin da kewayen orchid. Irin waɗannan matakan tallafi suna da mahimmanci yayin da zafi ke ƙasa da 40%.

Lokacin fesawa, ya zama dole a tabbatar da cewa ruwa bai faɗo cikin tsakiyar inflorescences ko rosettes na ganye ba - wannan yana barazanar lalata. Ya kamata a cire danshi mai yawa daga farfajiyar shuka.

Kalli bidiyo kan hanyoyin ƙara zafi a kewayen orchids:

Substrate

Domin orchid ya sami kwanciyar hankali, yana buƙatar takamaiman sako mara motsi.... Zaku iya siyan shi a cikin shago, ko ku dafa shi da kanku. Dole ne abun ya zama dole ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar:

• Haushin Pine (guduro kyauta).
• Mosass ɗin Sphagnum
• Yankakken bawon goro.

TAMBAYA: Idan ana amfani da kumfa a cikin shirye-shiryen ƙasa, to lallai ne ya zama tsoho (aƙalla watanni shida). Fresh yana da babban abun ciki na abubuwa masu canzawa wanda zai cutar da lafiyar tsiron.

Canja wurin

Phelanopsis baya haƙuri da dashi sosai, saboda haka, yakamata a aiwatar dashi kawai kamar yadda ake buƙata. Yana faruwa idan:

• Tushen lalacewa yana nan.
• Tushen ya lalace kuma yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa.
• Kwaro yana shafar tsire-tsire.
• Tushen yana fitowa da ƙarfi daga tukunyar (ya zama ƙarami ga orchid).
• Rashin kwanciyar hankali na tukunya (ya faɗi ƙasa da nauyin shuka).

Idan dasawa ya zama dole, to anyi shi bisa tsarin algorithm mai zuwa:

1. Ana cire tsire a hankali daga tukunyar. Idan ya cancanta, zaka iya jiƙa shi a cikin ruwa na awa ɗaya, to, busassun tushen za su iya sauƙaƙe nesa da bangon.
2. Tushen suna tsabtace daga sharan sharan ƙasa (zaka iya kurkurawa a ƙarƙashin tsaftataccen ruwan dumi).
3. Matattu ko asalin da suka lalace da ganye ana yanka su da almakashi mai kaifi ko wuka.
4. Dole ne a sarrafa wuraren yankan tare da gurɓataccen carbon.
5. An bushe tsire a zafin jiki na awa daya.
6. Ana sanya magudanan ruwa (duwatsu ko kuma tubalin bulo) a ƙasan a cikin wata sabuwar tukunya, an shimfiɗa siranta a kanta kimanin kashi biyu cikin uku na tsayin tukunyar.
7. Ana saka orchid a hankali a cikin tukunyar fure kuma sai a hankali aka yayyafa tushenta da sauran kayan mashin din (an cika wuraren da ba komai a tsakanin su). Yana da mahimmanci kada a zurfafa shuka a cikin ƙasa - tushe na ƙananan ganye ya kamata ya kasance a farfajiya.
8. Bayan dasawa, ba a shayar da furen tsawon kwana 3-4, yana ba shi lokaci don daidaitawa

Ba za a iya matsa ƙasa da yin matsi ba, ya kamata a shimfiɗa shi a cikin tukwane... In ba haka ba, wannan zai ƙara haifar da matsaloli tare da asalin orchid.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasa dashen orchid daidai:

Top miya

Wannan tsari bai dogara da lokacin ba, amma ya danganta da yanayin orchid. Akwai jihohin fure wanda za'a iya ciyar da su:

• Orchid a cikin ci gaban ganye.
• Ba shi da ruɓa ko wasu cututtuka.
• Farkon flowering, toho samuwar.
• Shuke-shuke girma ba tare da ƙasa ko a kan gaba ɗaya wucin gadi substrate (mako-mako ciyar).
• Lokacin da aka shayar da ruwa mai narkewa.

Mafi kyawun tsari don takin zamani shine Schultz ko Forte da takin mai magani.... Dukkanin tsari guda biyu ne na duniya kuma sun dace da kowane irin nau'in orchids. Ana samar da su a cikin ruwa, tsari mai mahimmanci, sabili da haka, kafin ciyarwa, yakamata ku karanta umarnin. Tsarma Bona Forte NPK don orchids a cikin rabo na 4: 2.5: 6 tare da 5 ml a cikin lita 1.5 na ruwa. Schultz orchids NPK 19% -31% -17%, 0.5 tsp kowane. don lita 3 na ruwa.

Kalli bidiyo game da madaidaicin ciyar da itacen orchid:

Hoto

A gaba zaku ga hoto na farin phalaenopsis.

Kodayake orchid yana buƙatar ƙarfi da yawa da wasu sharuɗɗan kiyayewa, wannan baya shafar shahararsa. Fure masu ban sha'awa na ruwan hoda, rawaya har ma da shuɗi akan Phalaenopsis zasu farantawa ƙaunatattunku da abokanku rai.

Kwari da cututtuka

Wani lokaci, har ma da kulawa da hankali, ba zai yiwu a guje wa mamayewar kwari ba, wanda ba zai iya raunana kawai ba, har ma ya lalata fure:

1. Thrips, sikelin kwari, mealybugs, whitefly - dukkansu suna da mummunan tasiri akan shuka. Yakamata ayi yaƙi dasu da kwari, misali, Aktara ko Confidor. Wadannan kudaden suna narkewa cikin ruwa, bisa ga umarnin.
2. Irin wannan cututtukan arthropod kamar m, gizo-gizo da mashinan cyclamen buƙatar wata hanya dabam. Duk wani kaska yakamata ayi maganin acaricides kawai, maye gurbin kwayoyi tare da sinadaran aiki daban daban.
3. Rot shine mafi yawan cututtukan orchid.... Wannan ya fito ne daga yawan ban ruwa da shuka. Abu ne mai wahalar magance irin wannan shuka, saboda kwayoyin halittar da suke bayyana yayin lalacewa sun bazu zuwa furen duka.
4. Hakanan daga cikin cututtukan da aka fi sani sune kunar rana a jiki da sanyi... A cikin akwati na farko, yana da sauƙi barin orchid - ya zama dole don samar da kyakkyawan yanayi. Halin na biyu ya fi rikitarwa kuma shukar yakan mutu.

Kammalawa

Kodayake orchid yana buƙatar ƙarfi da yawa da wasu sharuɗɗan kiyayewa, wannan baya shafar shahararsa. Fure masu faranta rai sun cancanci ƙoƙari, kuma daidaitawar da ake samu a haɗuwa da ita don kiyaye gida yana sauƙaƙa kulawar shukar sosai.

Kalli bidiyon: How to Grow Orchids from Stem Cuttings (Yuli 2024).