Abu mafi mahimmanci game da furannin succulent cotyledon: nau'ikan, kiwo da sifofin kulawa
Cotyledon tsire-tsire ne wanda ya sami madaidaicin matsayi a cikin tarin lambu, saboda rashin dacewar sa. Zai iya yin ado cikin ciki na dogon lokaci, ba tare da buƙatar zurfin ilimin kulawa ba.
Don ci gaba mai kyau, ya isa kawai don bi ka'idodi na asali: haske, shayarwa, zafin jiki, ƙasa, taki. Bugu da ƙari, kuna buƙatar sanin irin matsalolin da za ku iya fuskanta: cututtuka, kwari.
Zamuyi magana game da wannan gaba. Har ila yau, bari muyi magana game da nau'ikan wannan yanayin.
Cikakken bayanin
Menene wannan tsiron kuma ina mahaifarta?
Cotyledon ya kasance mai yawan tasirin ciyawar gidan Tolstyankov, ɗan asalin Afirka. A cikin yanayin muhalli, ana rarraba shuka daga Habasha zuwa Afirka ta Kudu. bayanin botanical Siffar wannan succulent na iya zama rosette ko bushy. Ganyen nama mai zagaye, na oval, na rhombic ko na lanceolate ya sha bamban da launinsa. Daga koren kore da haske to launin toka har zuwa ja.
Ganye na iya zama ko dai ɗaya ne ko kuma ya banbanta. A saman fuskarta koyaushe tana balaga ko kuma farin farin shafi. Wasu nau'ikan suna da raƙuman ruwa.
An shirya ganyayyakin nau'i-nau'i tare da tushe mai tushe na nama kuma an haɗa su da gajerun petioles, ko kuma ba tare da petioles ba kwata-kwata. Launi mai tushe yana da bambanci a cikin launi iri ɗaya kamar ganye. Yayin da yake girma, saiwar ta yi tauri. An kafa haushi mai ruwan kasa. Shuka ta kai tsayin 30-70 cm. Girman shekara-shekara karami ne. Succulent plant yana da fibrous saman tushen tsarin.
Lokacin farawar cotyledon daga watan Maris zuwa Agusta. A kan manyan dabbobin, ana tattara ƙananan furannin tubular tare da gefuna masu lanƙwasa cikin tsoran inflorescences. Buds a cikin nau'i na kararrawar kararrawa tare da m petals mai haske. Launuka masu haske ne kuma sun bambanta. Daga rawaya zuwa purple.
A bayanin kula. Saboda wadatar su ta waje, cotyledons suna iya warware kusan kowane aiki na kawata sarari. Kuna iya amfani da duka tsire-tsire guda ɗaya da haɗuwa da nau'ikan da yawa.
Iri-iri: kwatanci da hoto
Wadannan nau'ikan ana ɗauka sune mafi mashahuri.
Ji
Daidaitaccen ƙaramin daji har zuwa 15 cm tsayi. Harbewa da ganye masu yawa na kwai. An rufe tushe da ganye tare da gajeren farin villi. A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, ana kiran wannan jinsin ɗan beyar saboda ƙanƙannun jarrun da ke fitowa gefen gefen ganye, suna kama da faratan dabbobi. Ya yi fure da ƙananan furanni ja. Firgita inflorescence, hasumiya sama da daji.
Wavy (Undulata)
Smallaramin ƙaramin shrub ɗin da ya kai tsayin cm 80. Ganyayyakin suna sa tsiren ya zama mai jan hankali musamman. Dauke da lu'u lu'u-lu'u tare da gefen wavy. An rufe saman farantin ganye tare da murfin farin kakin zuma. Lowaramar ƙafa tare da fararen ratsi mai ɗauke da laima inflorescence. Hakanan ana iya ganin rami a kan launuka masu launin rawaya ko ruwan lemu.
Itace-kamar
Miniananan bishiya da ba ta fi tsayin 1.2 m ba, an kafa ta da "tsiro" da yawa. Ganyayyaki suna zagaye kuma suna da fadi. Dogaro da nau'ikan, launinsu na iya zama launin toka-kore ko rawaya-kore. Mutanen suna kiran wannan tsiron itacen kuɗi. Dangane da sanannun imani, yana iya kawo ci gaba ga gidan.
Levisia Eliza (lewisia cotyledon)
Shuke-shuken daji ne mai yalwar ganye, tsawon kowane ganye na iya kaiwa cm 15. edgearshen waje yana da ɗan kaɗan kuma yana da iyaka da ja. Ganyen fure na Levisia ya cika farfajiyar ƙasa. Pinkanƙan ruwan hoda masu haske tare da ɗakuna da yawa suna kan gwanayen jiki a ɓangaren ɓangaren ganye.
Kewaye
Busanƙan daji da suka bazu zuwa sama har tsawon cm 90. emsauren an lulluɓe da ganye mai fasali mai ban sha'awa, galibi duka suna kama da ɗakakkun bututu. Ganye launuka masu launin toka-kore ne masu launin ja mai haske a gefuna. Rashin launi na umbrella tare da siffofin marurai masu haske akan ƙwanƙwasa mai tsayin 30 cm.
Saxifrage
Shuke-shuke rabin-shrub ne. Ananan tare da shimfidar lalatattun ganyayyaki waɗanda ke yin kayatattun ƙananan rotse. An nuna ganyayyaki kuma an rufe shi da tari mai kauri. Lokacin flowering shine Yuni. Whiteananan fararen fararen fata suna haifar da inflorescences wanda ke kan doguwar farfajiyar.
Colloidal
Smallaramin shrub ɗin da aka kafa ta mai tushe daga ƙasa. Saboda gaskiyar cewa mai tushe ɗan lankwasa ne kuma an rufe shi da jan launi, shukar tana kama da harsunan harshen wuta daga nesa. Firgita inflorescences, a kan peduncles 30 cm babba, an kafa daga furanni ja ko orange.
Abubuwan kulawa
Hasken wuta
Haske don cotyledon yana buƙatar haske mai ɗorewa. Sai kawai idan an sami wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire za su faranta ido tare da furanni. Tare da rashin haske, harbe sun zama sirara da mara ban sha'awa, kuma ganyayyakin sun zama ƙarami, sun zama rawaya kuma sun faɗi.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Mafi kyawon bayani shine sanya cotyledone akan taga mai haske. A lokacin bazara, shukar zata amshi yarda ta fitar dashi zuwa sararin sama. Tushen zai yi tauri kuma launin ganyen zai inganta.
Zazzabi
A lokacin bazara-bazara, ana iya barin tsarin zazzabi na cotyledon ba tare da kulawa ba. Shuka na jure zafi sosai da ƙananan canje-canje a yanayin zafin jiki. A lokacin hunturu, cotyledon, kamar kowane tsire-tsire mai laushi, yana buƙatar hutawa. A wannan lokacin, yana da kyau a sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi mai haske, inda ake kiyaye zafin jiki a digiri 10-15 na Celsius.
Danshi mai iska
Ana ba da yadudduka Cotyledon tare da wadatar danshi, don haka matakin ɗanshi a cikin ɗakin ba shi da wata mahimmanci a gare shi. Ruwan iska na halitta ne na cotyledone a cikin yanayin muhalli, sabili da haka, babu buƙatar ƙara ƙanshi a cikin ɗakina ko don yayyafa tsiren kansa.
Mahimmanci! Ba a ba da shawarar a taɓa ganyen da hannuwanku ba, saboda za ku iya lalata tambarin da ke kare tsiron daga ƙarancin ruwa na danshi.
Shayarwa
Lokacin yana shafar buƙatar shayarwar cotyledon. A lokacin baccin hunturu, wanda yake daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu, tsiron baya buƙatar shayarwa. A watannin Fabrairu da Maris, yawan shayarwar da ake buƙata sau 1-2 ne a wata, kuma daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba, sau ɗaya a mako. Wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa ƙasar tana da lokacin bushewa zuwa ƙasan tukunyar.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Don samun ƙasa mai karɓa don dasa cotyledon, zaku iya sayan cakudadden ƙasa don cacti da tsire-tsire masu sauƙi tare da ƙara ƙarancin yashi, ko shirya ƙasa da kanku. Don shirya kai zaku buƙaci:
- Cakuda lãka cakuda - 1 sashi;
- m yashi - 0,5 sassa;
- kyawawan tsakuwa - sassan 0.5;
- sod land - kashi 1;
- takardar gado - kashi 1;
- peat - kashi 1;
- yashi - sassan 0.5.
Bai kamata ƙasa ta yi nauyi ba.
Yankan
Pruning na yau da kullun ba lallai bane don cotyledon. Ya isa kawai kiyaye ka'idojin haskakawa don tsire-tsire ya riƙe adon sa na ado na dogon lokaci. Za'a iya yin yankan ko yankan idan kuna buƙatar samar da ƙananan bishiyoyi. Wannan hanya ba ta da zafi ga shuka.
Lura! Bayan fure, ba a ba da shawarar a datsa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun dabbobi.
Na ɗan lokaci, dole ne ku daidaita da rashin kyawunsu don amfanin lafiyar lafiyar shuka. Bayan gwanayen sun bushe gaba ɗaya, suna buƙatar a kashe su sosai.
Taki
Idan aka ba mazaunin cotyledon, tare da talaucin ƙasarta, ciyar da ita ba hanya ce ta farilla ba. Wannan wadataccen yanayin an daidaita shi sosai da rashin wadatar abubuwan gina jiki kuma yana hango ciyarwa a matsayin ƙarin kyauta don ingantaccen girma da ƙawa na furanni. Shuka tana amfani da takin da aka karɓa da kaɗan, saboda haka Ya isa lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara don ƙara kayan da aka shirya don succulents sau ɗaya a wata. Daga Satumba, ya kamata a dakatar da ciyarwa.
Cututtuka da kwari, da yadda ake magance su
Cotyledon yana da matukar tsayayya ga harin kwari. Mai saukin kamuwa da lalacewar mealybug. Zaka iya cire kwaron da hannu ta amfani da danshi mai danshi wanda aka saka a cikin giya ko kuma a bi shi da magungunan kwari. Hakanan, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan kwari idan har shukar ta wahala daga miyar gizo-gizo, ƙwarin ƙwari ko aphids.
Idan aka fitar da tsire a cikin gonar yayin kulawar bazara, akwai haɗarin lalacewa daga katantanwa. Ya kamata a kiyaye akwati tare da cotyledone daga hulɗa da ƙasar lambun da sauran tsire-tsire. Lalacewa akan ganyen sakamakon ruwa ne ya hau kansu. Yankakken launin ruwan kasa sune sakamakon bushewar lokaci mai tsawo daga asalinsu tare da rashin wadataccen ruwan sha. Saboda rashin haske, shukar na iya shimfidawa da yawa.
Saurin girma yawanci galibi saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Lokacin da ƙananan ganyen shukar suka zama rawaya suka faɗi, babu wani abin damuwa. Wannan shine tsarin tsufa na halitta na shuka. Root rot na iya faruwa saboda yawan ambaliyar.
A bayanin kula. Dasawa kawai zai iya ajiye shuka, lokacin da ya zama dole a cire sassan lalacewa, kurkura tushen sai ayi musu magani mai rauni na sanadaran potassium. Hakanan hanya guda zata taimaka idan lalacewar shuka ta tushen tsutsa.
Yadda ake dasa shuki mai tsiro?
Ya kamata a dasa Cotyledone kamar yadda ake buƙata. Lokacin da rhizome ya girma da ƙarfi kuma ya riga ya kasance cikin ƙarancin ƙarfi. Ana buƙatar dashe shekara-shekara na tsire-tsire matasa idan rosette na ganye ya faɗi fiye da diamita na tukunya. Manyan cotyledons galibi suna buƙatar dasawa kowane shekara 2-3. An dasa Cotyledon a watan Maris. Bayan shayarwa, lokacin da kasa tayi danshi.
Fitar da kwallan kasa sannan a canza zuwa wata sabuwar kwantena. Tukwanen yakamata su zama marasa zurfin fadi da ramuka magudanan ruwa. A cikin wata sabuwar kwantena, an rufe kasan ta da lalataccen yumɓu ko wasu kayayyakin magudanan ruwa, kuma an shimfiɗa ƙasa mai gina jiki don wadatattun abubuwa.
Cotyledon yana da guba. Duk wasu ayyukan da suka danganci dasawa da kulawa da shuka sun fi kyau yin safofin hannu. Yara da dabbobin gida kada su sami damar zuwa shuka.
Sake haifuwa
Don cotyledon, haifuwa daidai take, duka a cikin tsiro da iri. Lokacin zaɓar hanyar iri, ya fi dacewa don bin waɗannan shawarwarin masu zuwa:
- Shirya ƙasa mai haske. Cakuda ƙasa mai yashi da yashi ko ƙasa mai ni'ima da aka shirya.
- Da farko, an dasa cotyledon iri a cikin akwatin lebur ko ma pallet, amma tare da wajabta kasancewar ramuka.
- Greenhouse yana buƙatar samun iska yau da kullun, kuma, kamar yadda ya cancanta, ana fesawa daga tarar mai kyau.
Seedlings zai bayyana a cikin makonni 1-3. An dasa shukokin da suka girma a cikin kananan ƙananan kwantena. Ana amfani da substrate iri daya da na manyan shuke-shuke.
- M watering na matasa shuke-shuke da aka yi dan kadan don kauce wa samuwar tushen rot.
Yaduwar kayan lambu itace hanya mafi sauki don samun sabon shuka:
- Da farko, ya zama dole a yanke yankan daga harbe-harben tsaka mai tsayin 8-10 cm An ba da shawarar aikin a bazara ko farkon bazara.
- Bushe kayan aiki a cikin iska na awanni 24. Dole ne a kula da wurin da aka yanke da heteroauxin ko gawayi.
- Kashegari, tushe a cikin yashi-peat substrate karkashin polyethylene, lokaci-lokaci airing. Jika ƙasa nan da nan bayan saukar ta. Yanayin zafin jiki 20-22 digiri. Fesa ƙasa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci har sai yayi rooting.
- Sanya dashen yankan cikin tukwane daban, dan samarda haske mai yaduwa.
Dangane da wannan makircin, zaku iya sake haifuwa da takardar ta daban. Cotyledon tsire-tsire ne mai kyan gani na ado. Idan kun baiwa fulawar kulawa da kulawa yadda yakamata, zai zama ainihin lafazin lafazi a cikin ƙungiyar kowane sarari.