Fure mai dogon tarihi - Lobelia Crystal Palace: hotuna, har da shuka da dokokin kulawa

Furen Lobelia Farin Crystal yana da dadadden tarihi. Wannan marubucin ya samo asali ne a cikin karni na 17 daga masanin botan Dutch din Matthias Lobel, wanda ya jagoranci Gidan Sarautar Botanic a Ingila.

Tun daga wannan lokacin, lobelia ta zama mafi ƙaunataccen lambu ba kawai a cikin masarautar Ingila ba, har ma a duk duniya. An shuka shi a gida, a baranda da loggias, haka kuma a cikin lambuna da wuraren shakatawa.

Akwai nau'ikan lobelia fiye da 300, amma 20 ne kawai daga cikinsu aka sanya su cikin gida. Daga labarin zaku gano dalilin da yasa wannan tsiron yake cin nasara sosai, menene kulawar da yake buƙata da yadda ake shuka shi daga tsaba da amfani da yankan.

Bayyanar da wurin zama

Lobelia na cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa na dangin bellflower... Forms mai girma-girma m karami daji ba fiye da 12 - 15 cm high. Kambi ne lush, mai siffar zobe. Rassan suna bakin ciki, suna reshe kai tsaye daga tushe.

Ganyayyakin ƙananan ne, masu ɗumbin yawa, masu yawa a tsari, suna girma a madadin, an dasa su sosai a kan mai tushe, inuwar tagulla mai haske. Furannin suna da lebe 2, maɓuɓɓukan ma kansu gajere ne. Fet ɗin suna da sautunan sanyi - shuɗi, shuɗi mai duhu, shuɗin shuɗi, ya danganta da ƙananan nau'in. Furen suna ƙananan, har zuwa 2 - 3 cm a diamita.

Fure mai yalwa, yana farawa a tsakiyar watan Yuni, yana nan har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba. Mafi yawanci ana amfani dashi don ƙirar lambuna da wuraren shakatawa, iri-iri galibi ana shuka su ne a kan iyakoki, a cikin gadajen filawa. Lobelia ta girma a buɗe ta verandas, baranda.

Hoto

Hoton Lobelia:

Saukowa

Wani lokaci na shekara shine mafi kyau don farawa?

Saboda matsalolin da ke tattare da tsire-tsire na dogon lokaci na tsaba, ana yin shuka a watan Fabrairuta yadda shukokin zasu sami lokacin girma da kuma samun karfi domin dasa shuki a gonar ko a tukwane da kwandunan rataye.

Firamare

Tushen lobelia ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, yazuce, iri-iri suna girma da kyau a kan yashi mai haɗuwa da loamy.

MUHIMMANCI! Ba a ba da shawarar ciyarwa mai yawa tare da takin mai magani ba, wannan yana jinkirta flowering, kawai koren taro na daji yana girma da haɓaka.

Hanyoyi

Tsaba

Ya kamata a lura cewa nau'ikan lobelia ne masu launin shuɗi masu kyau don girma daga tsaba - tsire-tsire sun bayyana da sauri, harbe sun fi ƙarfi kuma sun fi jure cututtuka. Ya kamata a tuna cewa tsaba ba su da yawa, kamar ƙura. Wahalar shuka - a rarraba su ko'ina a cikin akwatin shuka.

Sau da yawa ana shuka iri a cikin akushin abinci mai murfi don tasirin greenhouse. Shuke-shuke suna bunkasa da kyau a cikin irin wannan yanayi, amma ɗayan rashin dacewar wannan hanyar shine cewa dole ne a nitsar da shukar a nan gaba.

Yadda za a zabi?

Yana da mahimmanci a girbe tsaba lobelia akan lokaci:

1. Zaba lokacin da furen ya gama fure.
2. 3 - 4 harbe suna ɗaure tare.
3. Suna kwankwasa tsaba akan su akan farar takarda.

Yana da kyau a adana tsaba a cikin buhunan takarda ko kwantena na gilashi. Zaku iya siyan shirye-shiryen hatsi na shirye waɗanda ake so iri-iri, yawanci ana shuka su ne a cikin allunan peat ko kaset - wannan zai tseratar da ku daga aiwatar da ɗaukar shuki.

Kalli bidiyo kan yadda ake girbin tsaba lobelia:

Tsarin aiki

'Ya'yan sun yi kadan domin hatta shuka iri ana iya hada shi da yashi... Ya kamata a fara shuka lobelia a cikin Fabrairu - farkon Maris. Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a wuri mai haske, tare da ƙarancin haske, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da waɗanda ba za su iya rayuwa ba.

Za a iya siyan ƙasa don shuka a shagon, za ku iya shirya shi da kanku a cikin kaka:

• Gardenasar lambun Sod - 1 tsp
• Humus - 1 tsp
• Gwanin dawakai - 1 tsp
• Kogin rairayi - 1 tsp

Ya kamata a ƙara ɗan lemun tsami a cikin matattarar don matakin da ake buƙata na ƙarancin ruwan ƙasa. Hakanan ya dace da shuka shine cakuda gonar lambu da vermiculite, wanda ke samar da sassaucin maɓallin, yana daidaita yanayin danshi.

Tsarin shuka iri na Lobelia:

1. Zaba tsakanin akwatin saukowa mai fadi da mara zurfi ko akwati.
2. Rarraba substrate daidai a cikin Layer na 5 - 6 cm, dan kadan tamping shi.
3. Ana gudanar da shayarwar farko - disinfection na substrate - an ƙara fungicide cikin ruwan.
4. Ana ajiye shunin da aka jika tsawon awa 12 - 20.
5. Ana shuka tsaba a ko'ina daga jakar takarda.
6. Bai kamata a rufe tsaba da layin ƙasa ba.
7. Ana shuka shuke ta hanyar fesawa daga kwalbar feshi.
8. Za'a iya ƙara bayani mara ƙarfi na manganese a cikin ruwa.
9. An rufe akwatin da tsare ko gilashi.
10. An sanya greenhouse a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske.
11. Yanayin zafin jiki ya zama aƙalla 18-20 ° C.
12. Wajibi ne don watsa shuke-shuke kowace rana, an cire condensate daga gilashin.
13. Amfanin shuki a cikin sati 2.
14. Ana aiwatar da ruwa ne kawai daga mai fesawa ko an zuba ruwa a cikin ramin.
15. Wajibi ne a nutse tsirrai a cikin matattarar haske lokacin da ganye 2 - 3 suka bayyana.
16. Wajibi ne don tsunkule saman lokacin da tsire-tsire suka girma 3 cm.
17. Ana dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa lokacin da zafin bazara ya daidaita.
18. 5 - 6 ana dasa shukoki a kowane rami ko tukunya don yawan ciyawar lobelia.

HANKALI! Ana buƙatar ramuka magudanan ruwa a cikin akwati don isar da iska, rashin iska da danshi mai yawa na matattarar yana haifar da bayyanar baƙin Black Leg, wanda ke mutuwa ga tsirrai.

Kalli bidiyo kan yadda ake shuka lobelia ta amfani da tsaba:

Yankan

Sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan lobelia suna hayayyafa kawai ta hanyar yanka su Shin hanya ce mai sauƙi, baya haifar da matsala da yawa.

Yadawa ta hanyar yankan - baya buƙatar lokaci mai yawa, rutin yana da sauri da rashin ciwo. Babban abu shine a shirya abin da ake buƙata na ƙasa, a zaɓi kwandon da ya dace don dasawa, kuma a bi duk ƙa'idodin kula da tsire-tsire.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfani

Duk da cewa yawanci ana amfani da shi azaman fure na shekara-shekara, ta hanyar halayensu na yau da kullun, bishiyun masu yawan shekaru ne... Amma saboda bambance-bambancen yanayi, wadannan furannin basu dace da damuna ba. An dasa su ko an canza su zuwa gida don hunturu; lokacin yankan, zaka iya amfani da yankan don ci gaba da haifuwa.

HANKALI! Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar yankan, ana kiyaye dukiyoyin abubuwa na Lobelia Crystal Castle.

Rashin amfani na hanyar dasawa: ya zama dole a ajiye tsohon daji a duk lokacin hunturu, kulawa mai kyau, haske mai kyau, ana bukatar ciyarwa akan lokaci domin harbeka su kasance masu lafiya da karfi don cigaba da haifuwa.

Wadanne ne za a zaba kuma a shirya daidai?

Ana buƙatar balagaggu, balagagge daji don haifuwa., an zaɓi harbe da ƙarfi, lafiya, ba cututtuka da kwari suka shafa ba.

1. Ana yanke cuttings a cikin bazara. Girman yankan shuki ya kai 10 cm.
2. Don mintuna 40 kafin a dasa shuki, an tsoma shukokin a cikin haɓakar haɓaka - tushen.

Wajibi ne don shirya substrate don grafting:

• Kogin rairayi - 1 tsp
• Vermiculite - 1 tsp

Umarni mataki-mataki

Kuna iya yin greenhouse na ɗan lokaci daga kwalba mai haske ta roba. A lokacin rooting, lokaci-lokaci cire murfin zuwa bar iska ta shiga cikin seedlings.

Tsarin shuka don lobelia cuttings Crystal castle:

1. Ana yanka yankan.
2. Ana sarrafa su tare da haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar shafukan yanar gizo.
3. An dasa cuttings a cikin wani shiri wanda aka shirya na musamman.
4. Ana jika tsirrai da ruwan dumi mai tsabta.
5. An rufe shukar da tsare.
6. Ana buƙatar farfajiyar greenhouse kowace rana tsawon minti 20.
7. Gyarawa yana faruwa a cikin makonni 3 zuwa 4.
8. Kasar gona tana shan danshi akai-akai.
9. An gabatar da manyan kayan ado sau 1 cikin kwana 6 - 7.
10. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa.
11. Bayan 1 - 1, 5 watanni daga lokacin dasa shuki, ana dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin lambun.

MUHIMMANCI! Kafin dasa Crystal Castle lobelia a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ana buƙatar taurin tsire-tsire a hankali a hankali - lokacin da furannin shuki ke sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa a hankali.

Yanayin larura don haɓaka da yuwuwar matsaloli

Lobelia iri-iri Crystal Castle yayi girma sosai a cikin lambuna da gadajen filawa... Don cikakkiyar ci gaba, ya kamata a bi wasu ƙa'idojin kulawa na kulawa da dasa: Wajen dasa shuki ya kamata ya zama mai haske, amma ya kamata a guji rana kai tsaye, wannan ya fi kyau shuka a ɓangarorin gabas ko yammacin gidan.

Kafin dasa shuki, tilas ne tsirrai su daidaita zuwa sararin sama - ana fitar da akwati mai dauke da tsire-tsire na tsawon awanni a rana, sannan a sake shirya shi a cikin inuwa mai juzu'i. Shuka a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa na Crystal Castle lobelia ya kamata a gudanar a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni. Nisa tsakanin ramuka dasa shine 15 - 20 cm.

Tsarin shuki yayi daidai da tsinke shuki:

1. Ana ci gaba da tono wurin saukar jirgin.
2. A ƙasan akwai ruɓaɓɓen dutse ko tubalin da aka fasa don magudanar magudanar ruwa.
3. Sandara, peat, perlite, humus an haɗa su zuwa ƙasa.
4. Tushen yana da kyau moistened a cikin wani ɗan lokaci ganga da kuma dasa ƙasa.
5. Tare da spatula ko lambun lambu, an cire tsire-tsire 3 zuwa 4 a lokaci ɗaya.
6. Plantedungiyoyin tsire-tsire ana shuka su a cikin ramuka masu zurfin dasa, tamped tam, danna maɓallin kewayen daji.

Lokacin dasawa zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ya zama dole a adana ƙwallon ƙasa don saurin ciwan da ba ci ba na tsire-tsire.

Too m ciyar da nitrogen da takin mai magani da kwayoyin suna contraindicated - furanni yana raguwa, koren ƙwayar fure ne kawai ke tsiro. Ya isa isa takin sau ɗaya a mako tare da hadaddun takin mai ma'adinai.

A tsakiyar lokacin rani, ana buƙatar yankan bishiyoyi da 5 - 6 cm, wannan yana ba da damar shuke-shuken su girma. Tare da wannan kwalliyar, zai yiwu a sake yin furanni. Shayar da tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama mai yawa, sau 1-2 a mako.

Yana da muhimmanci a dace tsunkule da seedlings - fi na tushe ne a hankali karya kashe. Godiya ga tsunkulewa, daji yana haɓaka cikin jituwa da tsawo, rassan sosai.

Yadda za a shirya don sanyi?

Abin takaici, Lobelia iri-iri baya yin hunturu a waje, kodayake yana da shekaru. Don adana wannan fure a ƙarshen kaka, an tono bushiyoyin, an dasa su a cikin kwandunan filawa ko tukwane. Ana iya adana furannin da aka dasa don lokacin hunturu a cikin wani greenhouse ko a ɗauke su zuwa rufe, baranda masu rufi, kuma za'a iya girka su a ɗakunan sanyi.

Gandun daji na Lobelia Crystal Castle suna bacci a lokacin hunturu, kusan basa girma kuma basa ci gaba, amma, bayan sun tsira daga hunturu, suna fure a bazara sosai.

Irin wannan itacen hunturu ya zama cikakke don ƙarin yankan bazara.

NASIHA! A cikin hunturu, kula da lobelia Crystal Castle daidai yake da na sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida - ciyarwa, shayarwa, hasken wuta da ake buƙata.

Kula: zazzabi, shayarwa, haske, datsawa da ciyarwa

• Yakamata a kunna filin sauka sosai, amma ya kamata a guji hasken rana kai tsaye. A cikin inuwa, tare da rashin haske, ana buƙatar hasken wucin gadi na awowi da yawa a rana.
• Watering ya zama na yau da kullun, matsakaici - 1 - 2 sau a mako. A cikin hunturu, an rage ruwan sha.

  Ya kamata a yi shayar da safe ko da yamma kawai don kada ruwan ya ƙone ganyen. Ya kamata a shayar a gindin domin kada ruwa ya hau kan furannin.

• Ana amfani da takin mai magani nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, bayan makonni 2. Zaka iya amfani da saman miya - nettle jiko ko mullein, diluted 1: 10. Na biyu miya - a farkon flowering da ruwa ma'adinai da takin mai magani. A ƙarshen watan Agusta, zaku iya ciyar da dazuzzuka bayan yanke ƙwayoyin da suka shuɗe, belankin Lobelia Crystal zai sake fure kuma zai yi fure har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.

  Kiyaye sashi, matasa seedlings suna buƙatar ƙaramin takin mai magani. Bai kamata takin mai magani ya ƙunshi nitrogen da yawa ba - furanni yana raguwa.

• Asa ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da haske, yashi mai yashi da yashi ya dace. Ana bukatar cire ciyawa nan take.
• Yanke harbe da 5 cm bayan fure ya ba daji damar yin furanni kuma. Wajibi ne don tsunkule tsire-tsire don kyakkyawan siffar daji.
• Tukwane da kwalliyar furanni masu ado, dasa kwantena yakamata su kasance masu fadi, na matsakaiciyar tsayi, abin da ake buƙata shine ramuka magudanan ruwa domin magudanar ruwa.

Masu zane-zane cikin nasara sunyi amfani da wannan nau'ikan don ƙirƙirar hasumiyoyin fure masu ɗigo-ɗigo daga filayen filawa. Lobelia Crystal Castle tana da bambanci da haske a cikin tsare-tsaren fure a cikin lambun da lambunan gaba, an dasa shi a kan tsaunuka masu tsayi, a cikin tarkunan ado, a cikin kwanduna da tukwane a kan baranda da kuma loggias.

Kalli bidiyon: IDAN KANA SAURIN KA WOWA GA MAFITA. (Mayu 2024).