Muna adana furen. Me yasa ganyen hoya suke zama rawaya da faduwa, wadanne cututtukan daban suke da yadda ake magance kwari?
Hoya (wax ivy) liana ce mai ɗabi'a daga gidan Grimaceae. Ya sami sunanta ne don girmamawa ga mai kula da lambun Ingilishi Thomas Hoy. Gabaɗaya, akwai nau'ikan wannan tsiro sama da 200. A cikin yanayin yanayi, hoya ya tsiro a kan gangaren dutse, bishiyun bra. Mahalli na asali - Ostiraliya, Indiya, kudancin China. Don yanayin mu, hoya kayan lambu ne na kwalliya waɗanda za a iya girma a gida ko a yanayin yanayi. Zamu gano dalilin da yasa ganyen furannin gida suka zama rawaya a tushe suka fado, suka nuna hoto, sannan kuma zasu fada muku abinda zakuyi domin magani.
Me yasa furen bai yi girma ba?
Dalilin da ya fi dacewa ga raguwa ko ci gaban girma shine fasaha mai haɓaka rashin dacewa ko rashin kulawa mai kyau.
Kuskure gama gari lokacin da ake girma hoya:
- Wiwi mara nauyi.
- Adadin haske mai shigowa. Hoya yana son haske mai haske. Amma a lokaci guda, bai kamata ku mamaye shi ba, tunda a cikin hasken rana mai ƙonewa yana bayyana akan ganyensa.
- Ya kamata a yi ruwa da wuya, sai bayan ƙasar ta bushe gaba ɗaya.
- Kasar gona. Fleshy, sako-sako da ƙasa ya dace da girma.
Mun kuma yi magana game da dalilin da ya sa hoya ba ta fure ba da abin da za a yi game da ita. Karanta game da wannan a cikin wani labarin.
Waɗanne matsaloli ne ke akwai kuma me za a yi don magance su?
Matsaloli gama gari tare da kulawar da ba ta dace ba suna da rauni ko girma, lalacewar ganye. Hakanan, tabo ya bayyana akan ganyen, suna dunkulewa sun bushe. Sauran alamun sun dogara da takamaiman cutar.
| Rashin lafiya: bayanin | Me ya jawo haka? | Jiyya |
| Ganye ya zama rawaya | Rawanin rawaya a gindi galibi ana lura da shi yayin da tushen ya ruɓe, tare da ƙarancin abubuwan gina jiki. Yellowing a gefen gefuna alama ce ta rashin shayarwa mara kyau ko shayarwa tare da ruwan famfo mai wuya, bushewar lokaci mai tsawo daga cikin ƙasa. Yulin rawaya suma alama ce cewa hoya ta ƙone ta hasken rana kai tsaye. |
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| Bar ganye |
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| Bar ganye Mafi yawanci wannan sakamakon sakamakon kwayar cutar ne. | Wakilin da ke haddasa shi kwayoyin cuta ne masu cutarwa. Dalilin:
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| Naman gwari | Sanadin fungi na phytopathogenic. Kamuwa da cuta na faruwa a lokacin da:
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| Ruwan toka | Sanadiyyar naman gwari Botrytis. Wata cuta ta bayyana tare da rashin iska mai kyau da danshi mai zafi, idan tsiron ya kasance matsattse ko a cikin ƙasa mai daskararre. |
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| Farin fure | Wakilin da ke haifar da shi shine fungi mai laushi. Hanyoyin haɗari:
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Kwari da hanyoyin ma'amala dasu
Yawancin kwari masu cutar parasitic suna yin barazana ga hoya... Kwayar cutar kamuwa da cuta na iya zama iri ɗaya, matakan sarrafawa na iya zama iri ɗaya. Don haka, waɗanne kwari ne hoya ke rayuwa a kansu?
Whitefly
Kwaro ne mai kama da asu a zahiri. Babban cutar da tsirar ba ta manya ba ce, amma ta tsutsa ce, tunda tushen abincinsu shine ruwan ganye.
Dalilin bayyanar sune zafi da zafi mai yawa. Yanayin zafin da bai wuce digiri 10 ba sama da sifili ana daukar shi mai kashe kwaro, amma larvae suna rayuwa koda a lokacin hunturu.
Kashe farin farin a cikin hadadden tsari.
Hanyoyin sarrafa Whitefly:
Tarin Manual na kwaro. Shafe farantin ganye da pad na auduga ko buroshin hakori, bayan an shayar dasu a baya cikin ruwan sabulu.
- Girke-girke na jama'a.
- Yayyafa ƙasa a cikin tukunyar da toka, yayyafa hoya tare da maganin tafarnuwa (100 g da lita 1 na ruwa, bar har zuwa kwanaki 5, tsarma da ruwa kafin aiki).
- Wani magani na jama'a shine jiko na dandelion: ɗauki 50 g na tushen da busassun ganye, zuba lita 3-4 na ruwa, bar sa'o'i 5. Iri kafin spraying.
- Maganin kwari. Wannan shine Confidor, Aktellik, Aktara. An nuna sashi akan kunshin, zaɓi ƙarar don yayyafa shuke-shuke na ado.
Karce
Kwarin da jikinsu ke rufe da kakin zuma. Matsakaicin girman mutane shine 2-5 mm. Tsuntsayen sun cika dukkan tsiron, sun manna ganye da tushe. Dalilin bayyanar kwari mai dumi ne da danshi.
Matakan sarrafa tsutsa:
- Tsabtace hannu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar jiƙa auduga a cikin barasa kuma goge shukar inda tsutsa ta bayyana.
- Girke-girke na jama'a. Wannan ruwan sabulu ne, diluted ruwan 'ya'yan itace na albasa ko tafarnuwa, jiko na bawo citrus. Kayan suna da warin kamshi wanda yake tsoratar da tsutsa.
- Suna kuma amfani da sanadarai na musamman: Actrata, Confidor-maxi, Mospilan.
Red gizo-gizo mite
Ya bayyana a cikin ɗakuna da iska mara ɗumi. Yana zaune a bayan ganyayyaki, an rufe farantin ganye da raƙuman rawaya. Babban fasalin shine gizo-gizo.
- Don 'yantar da hoya daga miyar gizo-gizo, da farko dai kuna buƙatar kurkura ganyensa da ruwan sabulu mai dumi.
- Cire sassa guda na shuka da kwaro ya shafa.
- Ruwa da kuma rufe shuka tare da cellophane, bar kwanaki 3.
- Ingantattun sunadarai game da ƙoshin ƙwayoyi sune Neoron, Apollo da Sunmight.
Hanyoyin sarrafa kwaro:
Nematodes
Waɗannan su ne tsutsotsi masu bayyana, matsakaicin tsayinsu yakai cm 1. Lokacin da cutar ta kama, ƙwayoyin girma iri daban-daban sun bayyana a kan tushen - nematodes suna rayuwa kuma suna ninka cikin waɗannan ɓoyayyen. Game da yawan kamuwa da cuta, tushen yana kama da tarin inabi.
Dalilin bayyanar tushen nematodes shine shayarwa: ana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa sabon shuka daga mai cutar ta hanyar ruwa.
Yadda za a kawar da kwaro:
- Hanyar kawai mai amfani shine sake sakewa.
- Wakilin sinadarai don gwagwarmaya shine Ecogel. Rashin dacewar abu shine cewa baya kashe m, amma kawai yana jinkirta haifuwarsa. A wannan lokacin, tsire-tsire na iya samun tushe da girma da ƙarfi.
- Rigakafin bayyanar waɗannan tsutsotsi - canzawa da lalata ƙasa, tururin tukwanen. Hakanan, don rigakafin, zaku iya ƙara bawon goro ko ganyen marigold zuwa ƙasa.
Podura
Wani suna shine ruwan sha... A zahiri, waɗannan kwari ba kwari bane, sunada lafiya ga shuke-shuke. Amma ba kwa buƙatar barin su akan hoya. Tare da yawan jama'a, podura na haifar da babbar illa.
Usuallyasar yawanci tana ƙunshe da ƙaramin sugars waɗanda ba za su iya gani ga idanun ɗan adam ba kuma ba sa cutar da shukar. Inaruwar yawan jama'a na faruwa ne saboda dalilai masu zuwa: daskarewawar ruwa da samuwar sikari a farfajiya, sassan hoya sun fara ruɓewa.
Yadda za a cire:
- A alamar farko, kuna buƙatar bushe ƙasa, sannan ku yayyafa shi da ƙurar taba ko lemun tsami.
- Kwayoyin cuta. Bazudin, Pochin (watsa ƙwayoyin a kan farfajiya tare da bakin ciki), Mospilan, Aktara.
Aphid
Waɗannan ƙananan kwari ne masu launuka daban-daban (su ne lemu, launin toka, baƙi). Dalilin bayyanar ya kamu da shuke-shuke maƙwabta ko ƙasa mai cutar. Hakanan, mata masu fika-fikai suna iya tashi zuwa cikin ɗakin ta taga ta buɗe.
Magunguna:
- Kwaro ba ya jure warin geranium. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauki don kawar da kwari.
- Idan geranium baya hannu, sai a wanke ganyen da ruwan sabulu.
- Spraying girke-girke. Yankakken albasa, tafarnuwa, sabo ne ganyen tumatir zuba lita 1, daga ruwan zãfi, bar for 6-8 hours, lambatu, fesa. Wani madadin shine maganin taba (zuba tafasasshen ruwa akan sabo ganye).
- Jerin ingantattun sunadarai sun hada da Confidor, Fitoverm, Engio, Actellik.
Tsawon lokaci
Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan kwari ne, launin jikinsu yana dacewa da launi na ganye (kore, mai rawaya), saboda haka kusan ba zai yuwu a lura da su ba. Matsayi mai dacewa don bayyanar shine iska bushe.
Mun rabu da inganci:
- Ware shuka.
- Don kawar da cutar, kana buƙatar goge dukkan sassan hoya da ruwa da sabulun wanki.
- Daga hanyoyin mutane, ana amfani da tinctures na citrus, tafarnuwa ko albasa.
- Daga sunadarai - Fitoverm, Engio, Aktara, Aktellik.
Garkuwa
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan kwaro, amma duk suna haifar da cutarwa iri ɗaya ga shuka. Maganin paras yana tsotse ruwan daga hoya, bayan haka akwai sakamako iri ɗaya kamar sauran cututtukan kwari - ganyen ya zama rawaya, ya bushe ya faɗi.
Dalilin bayyanar sikelin kwari sun raunana hoya rigakafi, yawan nitrogen a cikin ƙasa, iska mai bushewa, rashin ruwa mai kyau, rashin isasshen haske.
Yadda za a cire m:
- Don kawar da sikelin kwari, kuna buƙatar cire hannu da hannu daga ganye.
- Sannan a kurkura da ruwa da magani na albasa da tafarnuwa.
Daga cikin sunadarai, Aktara da Aktofit sun dace.
Hoto
A ƙasa zaku iya ganin yadda hoya take tare da matsaloli iri iri da cuta.
Faduwa da rawaya ganye:
Launin toka:
Powdery mildew:
Shuka kwari:
Kammalawa
Don haka, yanzu zaku gano dalilin da ya sa fure ke haifar da cututtuka da abin da za ku yi, misali, idan ganye ya zama rawaya.
Hoya ya dace don girma a cikin gida (zaka iya gano ko zai yuwu a ci gaba da ivy da kaki a gida, haka kuma ga hoto na shukar, anan, kuma a cikin wannan labarin zaku sami duk asirin yaduwar tsire-tsire a gida). Ba ya buƙatar kulawa da kulawa koyaushe. Don kyakkyawan furanni, ya isa shuka shuka a wuri mai dacewa kuma bi ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi na kulawa: shayar dashi daidai, kiyaye daidaitaccen haske. tuna, cewa duk wani keta doka da oda yana raunana hoyahaifar da cuta ko hare-haren kwari.