Menene keɓaɓɓe game da nau'in peresky mai tsananin wayo daga dangin Cactus? Tleananan hanyoyi na kulawa gida

Kwanan nan, cacti yana ƙara samun farin jini tsakanin masoya shuke-shuke. Mara ma'ana, sanannen succulents, waɗanda aka maye gurbin ganyensu da ƙaya.

Pereskia ya samo asali ne daga tsire-tsire cactus waɗanda suke da yawa a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. A da, cacti ya ƙunshi ganye, kuma a cikin busassun canjin yanayi a cikin hamada, sun fara zama ƙaya. Kuma tsakiyar ɓangaren shuka yana iya aiwatar da duk ayyukan ganye.

Bayanin murtsunguwar bututun mai Pereskia aculeata

Pereskia aculeata wani nau'in lianas ne mai saurin girma na jinsi na Pereskia na dangin Cactus. Har ila yau, an san shi da suna Pereskia da ƙoshin ganyayyaki da Barbados. Bishi da tsire-tsire, zai iya kaiwa tsayin 10 m. Yana da tsoka, mai yawan reshe, wanda ya kai diamita har zuwa 1.5 cm. -3 ƙaya mai wuya.

Jinsi na asali ne daga Antilles, Panama da arewacin gabar Kudancin Amurka. Amma ana girma a ƙasashe da yawa: Amurka mai zafi, Ostiraliya, Isra’ila, Indiya, Kalifoniya, Philippines, da Tsibirin Hawaiian. Ana cin ‘ya’yan itacen, kuma ana amfani da ganyen don yin salati. Hakanan, ana amfani da peresky prickly don yin ado da shinge.

A karo na farko an bayyana jinsi na Pereskius a cikin 1703 ta Charles Plumier. An ba da sunan jinsi don girmama masanin kimiyyar Faransa Nicola-Claude de Peyresque. Karl Linnaeus ya danganta wadannan tsirrai ga halittar Cactus, kuma a cikin 1754 Philip Miller ya sanya su a cikin jinsi na Pereskia.

Hoto

Duba hoto na wannan tsire-tsire mai ban mamaki:

Kulawar gida

• Zazzabi. Pereskia sharkleata tsire-tsire ne na thermophilic kuma zaiyi girma sosai a 23-25 ​​° C. Yawan zafin jiki na iya zama ƙasa da darajoji da yawa da dare. A lokacin bazara, yana da amfani ga shuka ta kasance a waje, amma zai buƙaci samar da kariya daga hazo.

  Mahimmanci: ya cancanci sanya iska a cikin ɗakin da pereski yake.

• Shayarwa. A lokacin lokacin girma mai girma, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar wadataccen shayarwa. Dole ne saman ƙasa ya bushe kafin kowane sabon jika. Yawan danshi zai iya haifar da ruɓewa a kan karafan busasshen kwaya.
• Haskaka. Wannan tsire mai tsire-tsire na iya girma cikin kowane haske, amma don samun iyakar tasirin adon, yana da daraja sanya shuka akan kudancin windowsill. Hasken rana kai tsaye bashi da haɗari don ƙetarewa, amma a cikin lokutan zafi musamman ya cancanci ƙirƙirar inuwa don murtsunguwar ruwa.

  Da farkon bazara, yakamata tsiron ya saba da hankali zuwa haske mai haske.

• Firamare Don ƙetare abin ƙyama, ana buƙatar cakuda ƙasa mai nauyin gaske da mai gina jiki, amma a lokaci guda dole ne ya wuce ruwa. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa na iya haɗawa da ƙasa mai laka, yashi mai laushi da ƙaramin humus.
• Yankan Shuka yana buƙatar kwalliyar kwalliya. Yawanci ana yin sa ne a lokacin bazara, sau ɗaya a shekara. Ana iya amfani da sakamakon yankan don yaduwa.
• Top miya. Yayin lokacin ci gaban aiki (daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba), dole ne a ciyar da mai sauƙin sau biyu a wata tare da takin mai magani don cacti. Kuna buƙatar ɗaukar rabin kashi na abin da aka nuna akan kunshin. Yakamata a guji takin gargajiya, saboda yawan nitrogen yana cutarwa ga asalin overhoot.
• Wiwi Ganye yana da ƙarfi kuma yana haɓaka tushen tsarin, don haka yana buƙatar babban tukunya.
  Tabbatar akwai isasshen magudana a cikin akwatin.
• Canja wurin Yankakken Pereskia yana girma cikin sauri, don haka ana bukatar sake shuka shuke-shuke kowace shekara, a bazara ko lokacin bazara, ta hanyar sakin jiki da takin kasa. Bayan dasawa, dole ne a ɗaura tsiren zuwa wani tallafi, a sanya shi cikin wuri mai kariya da danshi daga rana kuma ba za a shayar da shi ba har tsawon kwanaki. Ana dasa tsire-tsire masu girma kamar yadda ake buƙata.
• Wintering. Kwancen lokacin santsin ya fara daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. Yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin da pereski yake ya kamata ya kasance daga digiri 12 zuwa 16. Ba safai ake shayar da ruwa ba, ba a aiwatar da ciyarwa.

  Hankali: yanayin zafi bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da 10 ° C ba, wannan na iya zama lahani ga masu cin nasara.

Hanyoyin haifuwa

• Yankan Don haifuwa, ana amfani da yankakken cikakke yankakke. Ana shuka su ne a lokacin bazara ko farkon bazara.
  1. Ana yanka yankan tare da ruwa, akan kowane yankan ya zama akwai aƙalla 1-2 nodes.
  2. Nan da nan bayan wannan aikin, yankan yankan suna samo asali ne a cikin rigar cakuda peat da perlite kuma an rufe su da fim.

  A zazzabi na 25-28 ° C, tsire-tsire za su yi sauri kuma su sami ƙarfi, sa'annan bayan makonni 2-3 za a iya dasa shuki a cikin tukwane daban. Ya kamata a dasa shukokin sosai a hankali don kar su lalata tushen.

• Tsaba. Ya kamata a yi shuka iri a farkon bazara. Dole ne a binne tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 0.5-1 cm, danshi kuma an rufe shi da tsare. Yawan zafin jiki ya zama kusan 20-22 ° C. Harbe-harbe na farko zai bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3, ana iya cire mafakar. Ana dasa shukokin cikin kwantena daban yayin da ganyen gaskiya 4 suka bayyana akansu.

Bloom

Pereskia ya yi fure a ƙarshen rani - farkon kaka. A kan harbe-harbe na matasa, masu kamannin kamanni, furanni masu launin rawaya mai launin ruwan hoda sun bayyana tare da diamita 2.5-4.5 cm. Fruitsananan fruitsa fruitsan rawaya masu cin abinci sun kasance bayan furanni. Sai kawai shuke-shuke girma girma.

Idan kwaɗayen peresky baya fure, maiyuwa bazai kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau ba. Ba ta da hasken wuta, ciyarwa ko danshi. Ko kuma ba ta kai shekarun da ya dace ba.

Cututtuka da kwari

Irin wannan kwari zai iya yi wa shukar barazana kamar kwari mai sihiri, miyar gizo-gizo da mealybugs. Lokacin da alamun farko na kamuwa da cuta suka bayyana, kurkura succulent din da ruwan dumi, yayin tabbatar da kariyar kasar daga ruwa.

Hakanan, cactus na iya yin rashin lafiya idan ba a kula da shi da kyau ba.

Makamantan shuke-shuke

1. Pereskia bleo - murtsatse daga halittar Pereskia, ya kai tsayi har zuwa 5 m, yana da kyawawan furannin lemu masu haske.
2. Pereskia grandiflora (Pereskia grandiflora) - murtsatse daga jinsi Pereskia, kuma zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 5. Ya yi fure da furanni masu ruwan hoda.
3. Pereskia Weberiana - murtsatse daga jinsi Pereskia, ya samar da ƙananan bishiyoyi. Ya yi fure sosai, tare da furanni masu fararen dusar ƙanƙara.
4. Epiphyllum - jinsin ganyen cacti, wanda yakai kimanin nau'in 20.
5. Hatiora Tsarin halittu ne na cacti mai ɗanɗano daga dazuzzuka masu zafi na ƙasar Brazil.

Kuna iya gano game da wani nau'in pereskiy, shine game da Godseff, a nan.

Pereskia abin birgewa cactus ne mai ban mamaki wanda zai iya girma cikin gida da waje. Idan kun kula da shi sosai, to, zaku iya ganin shuke-shuke na ado mai ban sha'awa tare da kyawawan ganye da furanni da ke farantawa ido.

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