Siffofin shahararrun nau'ikan murtsattsen Parody kuma ku kula dasu

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Parody shine mafi yaduwar yaduwar halitta da sanannen ƙwaya. Wannan ya nuna ta hanyar kirkirar kungiyoyin kasa da kasa na masoyan barkwanci da ire-irensu. Hoton tsire-tsire yana ba da cikakken fahimtar dalilin da yasa wannan murtsunguwar ke da masoya da yawa a duk faɗin duniya.

A cikin labarin, zamuyi la'akari da shahararrun nau'ikan Parody cacti, kuma muyi magana game da kulawar da ta dace dasu, gano yadda cacti ke hayayyafa da fure.

Halayen Botanical

Parody babban jinsi ne na gidan Cactaceae. Sunan kimiyya na Latin don fure na Parodia.

A cikin tsarin zamani, nau'in Parody ya ƙunshi nau'ikan cacti da yawa:

Notocactus (koya game da nau'in Notocactus a nan).
Wigginzia.
Eriocactus.
Brasilicactus.

Yawancin jinsin yana da nau'ikan 150.

Bayyanar, tarihin asali, labarin kasa na rarrabawa

An bayyana farkon murtsunguwar paactus a ƙarshen karni na 19. An gano sabbin iri a cikin shekaru 20 na karni na 20. ta matafiyin dan Czech kuma masanin tsirrai A. Fritsch a Bolivia, a arewa maso yammacin Argentina, a Brazil, Paraguay. Mahalli na gari - yankuna masu duwatsu, iya girma cikin ciyawa ko tsakanin duwatsu.

An kawo kayan kirki zuwa Turai a tsakiyar karni na 20. Bayan haka, sakamakon zaɓaɓɓe, wakilan farko na sabon waƙoƙi sun kasance bred - jinin jini da dusar ƙanƙara. An yi wa al'adar sanannen sanannen sunan mai suna Lorenzo Parodi.

Magana! Mai tushe ƙananan, cylindrical ko zagaye, mai siffar zobe. Kullun yana da ƙwayoyin haƙarƙarin karkace masu yawa. Areoles an rufe shi da farin farin tsufa.

Spines suna da yawa, gajere, har zuwa guda 40, mai haske. Tsawon spines ya kai 1 - 1.5 cm a tsayi. Yawan tsakiya spines ne 1 - 5, dangane da iri-iri. Spines - Ana iya lankwasa allurar. Tsaran tsakiya suna da tsayi, har zuwa 3-4 cm. 'Ya'yan itacen sun bushe, ƙarami, an rufe shi da ƙananan ƙaya.

Shahararrun nau'ikan: hoto da kwatancin

Gwanin zinare ko Parodia aureispina

Kananan karami ne, mai siffa, har zuwa 5 - 6 cm a diamita. Haƙarƙari karkace Bristly spines, har zuwa 35 - 40 guda. A iri-iri yana da 5 - 6 tsakiya spines na zinariya launi. Mafi girman su shine mai siffar ƙugiya. Furanni rawaya ne.

Lehninghaus ko Parodia leninghausii

Aƙan suna girma a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Tsayin mai tushe ya kai 70 - 90 cm a tsayi. Mita diamita har zuwa cm 10. Ribs 30. Gashi mai gashin gashi, yayi girma har zuwa 2 - 6 cm a tsayi, suna da launin rawaya. Furannin suna rawaya mai haske, manya, har zuwa 6 - 7 cm a diamita.

Snowy ko Parodia nivosa

An bambanta nau'ikan ta hanyar oblong, ƙaramin elongated kara. Mai tushe koren haske ne, na matsakaiciyar tsayi, girma zuwa 10-15 cm a tsayi. An shirya haƙarƙarin a karkace. Areolae mai ɗimbin yawa da farin spines. Gwanayen suna ƙananan, har zuwa cm 2. Furewa ja ce. Furen suna da girma, har zuwa 5 - 6 cm a diamita. Game da cacti tare da furanni ja an bayyana anan.

Fausta ko Parodia faustiana

Kananan murtsunguwa na da siffar zobe. Yankunan da aka rufe su da farin layin gefe. Rastananan tsakiya na tsakiya baƙi ne a cikin launi (akwai cacti maras tushe?). Furen suna matsakaici, har zuwa 4 - 5 cm a diamita. Fetur ɗin rawaya ne, tare da ƙyallen zinariya.

-Ananan iri ko Parodia microsperma

Yaran cacti na wannan nau'ikan suna da siffar ƙwallon ƙafa, suna miƙewa da shekaru, suna samun sifar siliki. Ribs har zuwa guda 20, an juya a karkace. Lines na baya-baya suna sirara ne, suna da ƙarfi, har zuwa 15 - 20 akan kowane tushe. Tsarin tsakiya na tsakiya suna da tsayi, launin ja-launin ruwan kasa. Ofayansu yana murɗa da fasali kamar ƙugiya. Furannin suna zinariya, lemu. A waje, petals ja ne.

Schwebs ko Parodia schwebsiana

Faɗin diamita mai faɗuwa ya kai cm 12. Tsayin furen baligi ya kai cm 14. Areoles suna balaga. A saman ƙwanƙolin akwai farin "farin" dusar ƙanƙara mai tsayi da tsibiri. Lines na baya-baya suna launin ruwan kasa mai haske, tsayin 1 cm. Tsakiyar tsakiya, har zuwa 2 cm. Furen yana da petaled da yawa, ja.

Naukaka ko Parodia magnifica

Spananan murtsunguren murtsun daji. Kullun yana da launi mai launi. Tsayi mai tsayi - har zuwa cm 15. haƙarƙarin ya yi kaifi, madaidaici, an yanke shi sosai. Theunƙun baya duka tsayi ɗaya, har zuwa 2 cm, bristly. Launi na ƙaya ne rawaya tare da zinare na zinariya. Furen furanni ne, rawaya. Petals suna da fadi, an tsara su cikin layuka 2. A diamita na furanni ne har zuwa 5 cm.

Maasa ko Parodia maasii

Kara na matsakaiciyar tsayi Girma zuwa 15 cm a tsayi. Siffar gemu ta zama mai motsi a kan lokaci. Ribs an juya su cikin karkace, har zuwa guda 20. 10 spines na gefe suna cikin yankin. Centralananan tsakiya na 4 suna da tsari mafi ƙarfi, launi launin ruwan kasa ne mai haske. Ana juya tsakiya ta tsakiya zuwa ƙasa, ɗayansu yana da ƙugiya. Furannin suna da wuta ja, matsakaici.

Yadda ake kulawa a gida?

Zazzabi

Yanayin iska mafi kyau a cikin bazara da bazara shine 23 - 25 ° C. Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye lokacin bacci na fure; a cikin kaka da hunturu, ana sake shirya tukwane zuwa wuri mai sanyaya. Ba a yarda da rage zafin jiki zuwa 7 ° C ba.

Shayarwa

A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, watering ya zama na yau da kullun amma matsakaici. A tsakanin ruwa, saman ƙasa ya bushe sosai. Ya kamata ku yi hankali da dampness na ƙasa - yankin kiwo don cututtukan cututtuka. A cikin hunturu, an rage ruwan sha.

Mahimmanci! Ba a buƙatar ƙarin danshi, jinsunan suna haƙuri da busasshiyar iska daidai.

Dole ne a tace ruwa don ban ruwa, mai tsabta. Zaka iya amfani da ruwan sama ko narke ruwa.

Haskaka

Parody yana cinye haske mai yawa. Sanya tukwane a gefen kudu, gabas da yamma. Godiya ga suturar ƙaya, tsire-tsire masu girma suna haƙuri har ma da hasken rana kai tsaye.

Yaran furanni suna buƙatar a hankali su daidaita zuwa haske mai haske. Ana buƙatar inuwa ta ɗan lokaci na windows tare da labulen haske.

Rana hasken rana ya zama aƙalla awanni 10 - 11. Ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙarin haske a lokacin sanyi fitilu na musamman.

Firamare

Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai haske, sako-sako da, mai gina jiki.

Dole ne ƙasa ta wuce ruwa da kyau; wannan yana buƙatar magudanar ruwa mai kyau daga kwakwalwan bulo da fasassun yumɓu mai laushi.

Don dasa shuki, ana amfani da ƙasa mai shirye don cacti. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanku:

Afasa mai launi - 1 tsp
Sodasar Sod - awa 1
Peat - 0.5 tsp
Rashin yashi - 1 tsp
Laarin magudanar ruwa.

Yankan

Adultan girma ne kawai ko tsire-tsire masu lalacewar cuta aka datsa yayin dasawa.

Tsarin pruning: an yanke saman kara da aka miƙa saboda rashin haske.

Lalacewa, cututtukan da suka kamu da cuta ya kamata a gyara su. Sanitary pruning na busassun da rubabben tushen harbe ne da za'ayi.

Wuraren yanka sun bushe kuma an yayyafa su da gawayi.

Top miya

A lokacin bazara da bazara, Parody yana buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa. Yana da muhimmanci don takin substrate sau 2 kowane 3 zuwa 4 makonni. Shirye-shiryen ma'adinan potash - ana amfani da takin mai magani na phosphorus don succulents da cacti. Ana amfani da takin nitrogen ne a farkon bazara don ci gaban kara mai kyau.

Hankali! Kula da sashi da tsarin ciyarwa. Maganin ya zama mai rauni sosai.

Wiwi

Don dasa shuki, ana amfani da ƙananan tukwane, har zuwa cm 12 - 15. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da kwantena yumbu tare da yanayin ciki na ciki, wanda ke taimakawa gyara tushen. A ƙasan tukunyar, tabbatar cewa anyi ramuka don fitowar ruwa da iska mai gudana.

Canja wurin

Ana iya sake dasa furanni matasa kowace shekara. Manyan shuke-shuke suna buƙatar motsi mai wuya, ya isa a dasa furanni sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3. Ana dasa dashen mafi yawanci a bazara ko kaka, bayan flowering. Wajibi ne don dasa fure idan tushen bai dace da akwatin da ya gabata ba.

Tsarin dasawa:

Sabbin tukunya da substrate ana kashe kwayoyin cuta.
An zuba wani layin tsabtace magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar, aƙalla 2 cm.
An cire fure tare da ƙwallon ƙasa.
An riga an jika ƙasa don kada ta lalata tushen.
Tushen rashin lafiya da busassun an yanke su.
Ana dasa shukar ta hanyar hanyar canja wuri.
Sararin fanko mara kyau na tukunya cike yake da sabon cakuda ƙasa.
Ana matse substrate dan gyara fulawar.
Daga sama ana bada shawara don mulmula ƙasa tare da ƙananan pebbles.
Ya kamata ku guji shayarwa tsawon kwanaki.
An girka tukwane a wuraren da ke watsuwa da haske mai haske.

Wintering

A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki 10 - 13 ° C. Ruwa ya rage. Ya isa ya jika ƙasa sau ɗaya a wata.

Mahimmanci! Guji iska mai zafin gaske, ya zama dole a sanya iska daki a kai a kai.

Ana buƙatar cikakken haske na awanni 10 - 12. A lokacin hutun, ba a amfani da ƙarin ciyarwa.

Abun cikin titi

Parody baya jurewa sanyi, ba nau'in cacti mai tsananin sanyi ba.
A lokacin rani, an saita tukwane a waje, zaku iya tona cikin tukwanen a gonar.
Ana ba da shawarar sanya shuke-shuke a cikin gadajen fure a tsakanin duwatsu, a kan tsaunuka masu tsayi, a cikin gadaje masu filaye da yawa.
Kare muryar daga ruwan sama, guji wuraren tsarewa kusa da ruwan. Hakanan ruwan ƙasa yana da lahani ga furanni.
A lokacin faduwar, an kwashe tukwane cikin gida.
Babban yanayin sanya tukwane a waje shine hasken rana mai haske.

Sake haifuwa

Yara

Stananan masu tushe suna rabu musamman a farkon bazara.
Rarraba kashi:

Ana nitsar da substrate din.
An rabu da harbe a kaikaice daga mahaifar daji, suna kiyaye asalinsu.
Ta hanyar sakin jiki, kiyaye dunkulen kasa, ana sanya yaran a cikin kwantena daban.
Zafin jiki na abun ciki shine 20 - 23 ° С.

Matsalar haifuwa ta yara shine waƙar da kyar take harbawa a kaikaice.

Tsaba

Tsarin yana da tsayi sosai. Abubuwan da aka bambanta a cikin Parody shine cewa tsirrai suna girma na dogon lokaci, na shekaru 2 - 3. Akwai babban haɗarin gurɓatar ƙasa da samuwar koren algae, wanda ke mutuwa ga tsirrai. Ana aiwatar da tsarin shuka a cikin bazara.

Tsarin shuka:

An zuba bututun magudanan ruwa a cikin sarari, kwantena marasa zurfi.
An rarraba cakuda ƙasar a ko'ina a kan magudanar.
Ana sanya tsaba ba tare da binnewa ba.
An rufe kwantena da tsare ko gilashi.
An sanya iska cikin iska a kullum.
Yanayin iska - har zuwa 25 ° С.
Tsaba sun fito da sauri, cikin kwanaki 7.
An cire gilashin.
An kwashe kwantenan zuwa daki mai haske don shuka shukoki.
Watering matsakaici ne.

Siffofin girma da rarrabawa a cikin filin buɗewa

Dole ne a share ƙasa. Ruwan magudanan ruwa bai wuce 2 - 2, 5 cm ba.
A cikin sararin sama, tsiron baya yarda da yawan ambaliyar ruwa da bushewar ƙasa.
A cikin filin budewa, tushe daga rashin ruwa mai inganci zai iya zama mai tauri a gindin, abun da ya dace da zaren da bai bada damar ruwa da iska su wuce ba ya lalace.
Shayarwa da ruwan famfo ana hana shi.
An shafe ƙasa tare da ganyayyun ruɓaɓɓe.

Furanni: yaushe kuma ta yaya?

Furewar galibi tana faruwa ne a lokacin bazara ko rani, dangane da iri-iri. Flowerauren furannin suna da siffa kamar bututu, an ɗan gajarta shi. Bututun an rufe shi da sikeli ko ƙananan spines. Formedwanan suna kafawa a saman tushe. Furannin suna kusa da juna, suna yin burodin lush.

Matsakaicin launi ya bambanta - rawaya, zinariya, launuka ja da tabarau. Inflorescences na iya zama marasa aure, zasu iya haɗuwa har zuwa furanni 7 - 10.

Mene ne idan bai karba ba?

Idan aka keta tsarin haske, furanni yana da matsala.

Kammala hasken rana a duk tsawon shekara - garanti na wadataccen furanni.

Har ila yau, don haɓaka haɓakar buds, masu noman fure suna ba da shawarar rage danshi na ƙasa. Abun takaici, yana da matukar wahala a sami furanni masu launuka iri-iri a gida.

Cututtuka da kwari

Tushen da kara rot ne kafa daga wuce kima danshi na substrate, high iska zafi, low zazzabi da abun ciki. Ana buƙatar dasawa da gaggawa da keɓewar ƙwayoyin samfurin da suka kamu.
Lokacin da aka ajiye su a waje a cikin lambun a lokacin bazara, furanni suna da saukin lalacewar sikelin kwari, mealybug. Ya kamata a kula da tushe da ƙasa tare da maganin phytoverm.
A cikin zafin rana daga busasshiyar ƙasa, iska mai laushi, mitar gizo-gizo na iya bayyana. Fesa fure tare da actara ko wasu magungunan kwari zasu cece ku.

Magana! Don hana bayyanar kwari na lambu, ya kamata a kula da ƙasa da sinadarai ko wasu sinadarai na wannan ƙungiyar sau ɗaya a lokaci.

Kamar yawancin cacti, Parody mai ado sosai yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, kulawa mai ƙwarewa, datsa lokaci da dasa shi.

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