Yadda ake shuka hibiscus na fadama: mahimman dokoki na kulawa, datsawa da dasawa don yalwar furanni

Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan 250 na hibiscus na genuscus suna girma a cikin wurare masu zafi da kuma subtropics kuma siffofin arboreal da shrub suna wakiltar su. Wani wakilin Arewacin Amurka mai ban sha'awa game da jinsin halittar shine marsh hibiscus.

Yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, masu dacewa don girma ba kawai a cikin gida ba, har ma a gonar. Kula dashi yana da takamaiman nuances.

Bayanin tsirrai

Marsh hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos) memba ne na dangin mallow. Sauran sunaye: ganye hibiscus, ruwan hoda mallow, marsh mallow, musk hibiscus, hibiscus gama gari. Kalmar "hibiscus" a Girkanci tana nufin fure wanda yayi kama da tsuntsu ibis. "Moschus" na nufin miski a Latin.

Marsh hibiscus shure shure shure shure shude, mai tsayayya da sanyi. A dabi'a, yana girma ne a cikin dausayi tare da tsarin kogin a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa, yana yin manyan kauri a cikin ciyawar ciyawa. Geography na rarraba - gabashin Amurka, daga Ontario zuwa Florida, kogin Mississippi.

A cikin yanayi mai kyau, tsire-tsire ya kai mita 2.7 a tsayi. Masu tushe suna tsaye, a kan lokaci, a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren, an rufe su da haushi mai duhu. Sau da yawa ganyaye masu laushi ne tare da lobes uku, petiolar, balaga a ƙasa. Furannin suna kadaitattu, an shantasu biyar, 15-17 a faɗin, tare da launuka iri-iri (daga fari zuwa shunayya). Tsakiyar fure yana kama da mazurari, yawanci launi mai duhu ne mai burgundy.

Hoto

A ƙasa za ku ga hotunan wannan tsire-tsire:

Yadda ake kulawa a gida?

Fadama hibiscus shahararren lambun shuke-shuke wanda ya dace da lambunan fadama ko sifofin ruwa. An haɓaka nau'ikan da za a iya samun nasarar haɓaka cikin gida. Suna girma ƙanana, basa fure kamar ɗumbin lambun, kuma suna buƙatar takamaiman yanayin girma.

Zazzabi

• A lokacin bazara, yanayin zafin rana mafi kyau shine 25-28 ° C.
• A lokacin hunturu, tana buƙatar lokacin bacci, saboda haka ya kamata a rage zafin jiki zuwa 15 ° C.

Zai fi kyau sanya tukunyar fure a kan baranda mai ƙyalli ko loggia.

Ruwa mai yawa

A lokacin rani, ana shayar da shuka sau da yawa tare da laushi, ruwa mai nutsuwa, ana fesawa akai-akai. Don hana tushen daga souring, ya kamata ku kula da magudanar ruwa mai kyau lokacin dasa. A lokacin hunturu, ana rage ruwa sosai.

Haske mai haske

Shuka ne mai buƙatar haske. A waje, yana tsayayya da hasken rana kai tsaye da kyau, amma a cikin ɗaki akan windows na kudu yana buƙatar inuwar haske. Ana iya haɓaka tagogin yamma da gabas a hasken rana kai tsaye.

Nauyin nauyi da na gina jiki

Don dasa shuki marsh hibiscus, tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai ƙarancin acidic ya dace. Mafi kyau don amfani da cakuda 1: 1 na yashi da peat. Tukunya don tsire-tsire matasa ya zama aƙalla aƙalla cm 15 a faɗi, zurfin da zai ba da izinin magudanan ruwa mai kyau.

Dasawa da ciyarwa

Hibiscus tsire-tsire ne mai saurin girma, ana yin dashen kowane watanni shida. Don yin wannan, ya kamata:

1. ɗauki tukunya wanda ya fi girman cm 2 girma fiye da na baya;
2. sa magudanar ruwa daga perlite, pebbles ko itacen itacen;
3. a hankali sai a dasa shukar daga tsohuwar tukunya zuwa wata sabuwa, a girgiza sauran ƙasa daga tushen tsarin (cire wuraren rhizome da suka lalace);
4. cika tukunyar da substrate, zuba da yawa da ruwan dumi.

Marsh hibiscus ba ta jure wa yawan takin zamani; ana ciyar da ita sau biyu a shekara tare da takin mai magani na phosphate-potassium. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman don shuke-shuke masu furanni.

Pruning da hunturu

A cikin marsh mallow, ana yin furanni a saman harbe-harbe, don haka yankan lokaci zai kara yawan furan.

A hanya don pruning:

1. shirya kayan aiki: shafa wuka mai kaifi da barasa ko ƙonewa;
2. yanke saman harbe a tsawo na 40-60 cm;
3. rage ɗan lokaci kaɗan ka bar shukar ita kaɗai har tsawon kwanaki (kar a sake shiryawa, kar a ciyar, kar a ƙirƙiri canjin yanayi kwatsam);
4. ana iya amfani da yankan saman harbe don yanka.

Wasu nau'ikan fadama hibiscus sun fada cikin yanayi na zurfin bacci kafin hunturu, Bangarensu na sama ya mutu. Suna buƙatar samar da yanayi mai sanyi. Rage ruwa ya rage zuwa 1 sau cikin sati 1-2. Siffofin lambun suna da sanyi-sanyi, amma ya fi kyau kada su bar iri na cikin gida a sararin sama don hunturu.

Kafin lokacin hunturu, ana aiwatar da datti mai tsafta, an cire tsoffin da marasa lafiya. A lokacin bazara, ana aiwatar da gyare-gyare ta hanyar tsari na sama. A lokacin furannin, ya kamata a cire furannin da suka bushe koyaushe don motsa bayyanar sababbi.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Don yaduwar marsh mallow, ana amfani da tsaba, yankakken yankakken abubuwa da kuma rhizome. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa siffofin matasan suna riƙe da duk halaye na ado kawai yayin yaɗuwar ciyayi.

Tsaba

1. Ya kamata a tsabtace tsaba - karce harsashi mai wuya, yi rami mara ƙarfi ko huda.
2. Sannan ana jiƙa su na awa ɗaya a cikin ruwan dumi don kumbura kuma a shuka a ƙasa zuwa zurfin 1 cm, yafa masa ƙasa da danshi.

Zai fi kyau a shuka tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin fim a zazzabin 25-30 ° C akan windows ɗin kudu. Yawanci yakan bayyana bayan sati 2.

Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo kan yadda ake shuka tsaba marsh hibiscus:

Ta hanyar yankan

1. Apical cuttings an yanke daga matasa harbe. An bar kumbura 2 tare da toho a kan tsayi mai tsawon cm 15, an yanke ƙananan ganye.
2. A cikin cakuda da aka shirya da yashi da peat, yankan zurfin yakai 5 cm.

Dole ne ƙasar ta kasance mai danshi koyaushe. Yana da mahimmanci a nisantar da tsirrai daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Rooting yana faruwa sama da watanni da yawa. Don hanzarta aiwatarwa, an jiƙa yankan a cikin shirye-shirye na musamman.

Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo game da yaduwar marsh hibiscus ta hanyar yanka:

Ta hanyar raba rhizome

Rhizome na marsh hibiscus yana ci gaba da girma, don haka ya kamata a raba shi lokaci-lokaci zuwa sassa. Ana aiwatar da aikin sau ɗaya kowace shekara 5-10 tare da dasa shuki. Sabuwar shuken tushen an dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban, zurfafawa daga 5-8 cm.

Bidiyo kan yadda ake yada shuka ta hanyar raba rhizome:

Cututtuka da kwari

Kulawa da tsire-tsire mara kyau yana rage tasirin ado. Tare da yawan takin mai magani na nitrogen, furanni basa samuwa. Tare da ƙarancin danshi, ganye ya faɗi, tare da rashin ma'adinai, suna faɗuwa, curl, suna rawaya. Twisted ko tawaya ganye suna daya daga cikin alamun kwari.

Babban karin kwari:

• miyar gizo-gizo;
• aphid;
• thrips;
• farin

Don hana bayyanar su, ana ba hibiscus dumi na mintina 10 sau ɗaya a wata, bayan kunsa tukunyar da jakar filastik.

5 furanni masu kama

Marsh mallow yana da dangi na kusa, wanda daga hakan ne yake da wahalar bambance shi:

1. hibiscus syrian (itace mai kama da bishiyoyi tare da furanni har zuwa 12 cm a diamita, ganyayyaki suna kama da chrysanthemum);
2. Sinanci ya tashi (ganye yana da oval, hakori, furanni sun kai 15 cm a diamita, siffofin biyu na gama gari ne);
3. bisarin hibiscus (ganyayyakin suna da banbanci da inuwar ja, fari da kore);
4. Sudan ta tashi (ganye mai siffa mai kama da denticles a gefuna, furanni har zuwa 20 cm a diamita);
5. hibiscus matasan (ganye mai ɗorewa tare da furanni masu ban sha'awa).

Mafi yawa daga cikin nau'ikan hibiscus da aka shuka suna da nau'ikan lambu da tukunya. Yawan danshi da hasken rana suna ba ka damar nasarar noman Marsh hibiscus a cikin yanayin cikin gida. Wannan tsiron thermophilic ne, yana girma da sauri kuma, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana faranta ransa tare da wadataccen furanni.

Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyon da ke bayanin marsh hibiscus da sifofin kulawa da shi:

Kalli bidiyon: YADDA AKE KIWON KAJI (Yuni 2024).