Haɗu da baƙo daga Mexico - Coriphanta cactus

Ta furen da ke kan rawanin ne zaka iya rarrabe shi da sauran cacti kama da shi. Ikon yin furanni kawai a saman kai bashi ne ga Coriphant kuma sunansa "fure a saman". Iri-iri iri-iri na cactus cactus cactpha sun dace sosai don girma a gida.

Wajibi ne a bi ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi don kula da fure, tare da samar da ita da sauyin yanayi kusa da yanayin yanayi. Yi la'akari da nau'ikan Coryphants, sannan kuma koya yadda za'a kula dasu yadda ya kamata.

Bayanin botanical da sunaye gama gari

Coryphantha (Coryphantha) tsarrai ne da yawa na tsire-tsire masu cike da farin ciki na dangin busassun dangi. Kactus din daidai yake da halaye irin na Mammillaria. Furannin Coryphanta suna saman ƙwanƙolin tushe.

An tsaba tsaba tare da tsari - grid. Abun rami a kan kowane tubercle yana da balaga. Tare da shekaru, ɗakunan ruwa suna fitowa a cikin rami - gland wanda ke samar da laushin zaki wanda ke jan ƙwaro.

Tarihin abin da ya faru, bayanin bayyanuwa da kuma yanayin zama

Jinsin ya hada da nau'ikan 60. Homelandasar ci gaba ita ce Mexico, yankunan kudu maso yammacin Amurka, Kanada. A cikin yanayin yanayi, waɗannan cacti suna rayuwa ne a cikin ɓoye a cikin duwatsu masu daraja na dutse, a cikin wurare masu duwatsu, a ƙasan bishiyoyi da ƙanana. A karni na 20. an raba yawancin halittar coryphant zuwa kananan kungiyoyi 2:

• Neocoryphantha.
• Coryphantha.

Dangane da rarrabuwa Beckenberg, coryphant wakili ne na gidan gidan Cereus (Cereoideae), wanda wani ɓangare ne na babban murtsunguwar iyali (karanta game da Cereus a nan).

Kullun yana da siffar zobe, zai iya mikewa a kan lokaci, yana samun sifar siliki. Abubuwan da ke saman kara sun balaga. Tsayin tsayin daka daga 3 zuwa 25 cm, ya danganta da nau'ikan. Mafi sau da yawa, tushe yana ɗaya, akwai nau'ikan girma cikin ƙungiyoyi.

Kashin haƙarƙarin coryphant ba su nan, an shirya tubercles a karkace, an karkata shi agogo. Furannin suna da matsakaici a girman, har zuwa 3 - 6 cm a diamita, galibi rawaya ne. Akwai launuka masu launin ja da shunayya (karanta game da jan cacti daban a nan).

Mahimmanci: Tsire-tsire suna furanni suna da shekaru 5-6.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne babba, oblong, kore ko launin ruwan kasaci gaba a cikin tushe. Tsaba suna da kwasfa na bakin ciki, ƙarami, har zuwa 2 mm a tsayi. Tushen coryphants na sake dawowa.

Mashahuri iri da nau'ikan Coryphantha tare da hotuna

Giwa (Elephantidens)

Kullun yana da fadi, a diamita yana girma har zuwa 15 - 18 cm. Tsayin cactus 13 - 15 cm. Yana da tubercles 20 - 30, an zagaye shi a koli da reshe zuwa tushe. Sinus tsakanin tubercles an rufe su da farin gashi. Spines suna da yawa, dan kadan mai lankwasa, rawaya. 6 - 8 cm a tsayi. Furannin suna da ruwan hoda mai laushi, har zuwa 7-8 cm a diamita (zaka iya ƙarin koyo game da ruwan hoda cacti a nan).

Karamin (Compacta)

Jigon karami ne, har zuwa 5 cm a diamita. A koli ne dan kadan pubescent. Tuburan suna ƙananan. Spines suna saman saman tarin fuka. Adadin farin ƙaya ya kai guda 14. Furen suna dada, har zuwa 2 - 2.5 cm a diamita, rawaya.

Palmeri

Kullun yana da siffar zobe, zai iya zama mai dunƙule, koren haske. Tsayin furen ya kai cm 7 - 9 a tsayi, diamita daga tushe ya kai cm 4. Tubercles ƙanana ne, an shirya su sosai a cikin layuka 13, an juya su cikin karkace. Akwai radiyo 11 - 13. Gwanayen suna rawaya rawaya, baƙi a ƙarshen, ɗan lankwasa zuwa ga kara. Tsawon spines ya kai cm 1. Tsinkayen tsakiya yana da yawa, mai kama da ƙugiya, yana girma ƙasa, har zuwa 1 - 1.5 cm a tsayi. Furen furanni ne rawaya, har zuwa 3 cm a diamita.

Katako (Radians)

Kwarin kore ne, mai siffa. Akwai nau'ikan da ke da ɗan elongated kara. A diamita na wani balagagge shuka ne har zuwa 6 - 7 cm. The spines suna da yawa, da wuya, located tam zuwa kara, fari ko yellowish. Ofwanin ƙayawar launin ruwan kasa ne masu ruwan kasa (akwai wasu cacti ba tare da ƙaya ba?). Furen kansu suna matsakaici a cikin girman, har zuwa 6 - 7 cm a diamita, kodadde rawaya a launi.

Greenwoodii

Ganye koren ne tare da ɗanyen zaitun, mai faɗi, an daidaita shi kaɗan. Tsayin cactus na manya ya kai 6 cm, diamita -8 - 9. cm .. Babban yana balaga. Tarin fuka manya ne, an ayyana su sosai, tsawonsu yakai 2 cm. Radial spines har zuwa 8 guda. Inesunƙun suna madaidaiciya, na iya zama mai lankwasawa kaɗan, rawaya mai launin ruwan kasa. Ba a faɗin kasusuwa na tsakiya, galibi ba ya nan. Furanni suna matsakaici a cikin girman, har zuwa 5 cm a diamita. Launin furannin rawaya ne tare da ɗamarar ja a kan petals.

Andrea

Tsayin balagaggen shuka ya kai cm 10. Girman diamita daga tushe ya kai cm 8. Tubercles suna da sheki, babba, masu yawan shekaru. Inesunƙun baya suna da ƙarfi, masu lankwasawa, arched. Furannin suna da siffar mazurari, suna da faɗi, faɗi ya kai cm 5 - 6. Fet ɗin suna da yawa, kunkuntar, launuka rawaya mai haske.

Yadda ake kulawa a gida?

Zazzabi

A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, yanayin zafin iska mafi kyau ga marayu shine 22 - 24 ° C. Coriphants na hamada na iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi har zuwa 27 - 28 ° C (zaka iya koyo game da cacti hamada a nan). A cikin kaka, ya kamata a saukar da yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki, furen yana shirya hutun hunturu.

Shayarwa

A cikin bazara da bazara, shayarwa matsakaici ne. Ruwa yana ragewa a kaka. Ana ba da shawarar yin shayarwa ta hanyar tiren shara ko ta nutsarwa. Bayan shayarwa, ragowar ruwan dole ne a tsige shi nan da nan, ba a yarda da yawan jikewa daga tushen. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya zama mai laushi, mai tsabta, zafin jiki na ɗaki.

Mahimmanci: nau'ikan hamada na buƙatar kusan bushewa koda lokacin rani ne, ya kamata ƙasa tsakanin ruwa ya bushe sosai zuwa zurfin 1 - 2 cm.

Haskaka

Don haɓaka furanni, 'yan kwalliya na buƙatar haske mai haske duk shekara. Ya kamata a saka tukwanen a kudu, windows windows. Matasa ko sabbin shuke-shuke da aka dasa daga rana mai zafi ya kamata a rufe su da labulen haske, musamman da tsakar rana.

Firamare

Haɗin ƙasa don coryphants tare da ƙayoyi masu ƙarfi da kauri ya kamata su zama duwatsu, ba sa gina jiki, ba tare da ƙarin humus ba. Dole ne a dunƙule ƙasa a kusa da abin wuya tare da tsakuwa ko tsakuwa masu kyau. Za a iya ƙara haɗakar yumbu a cikin cakuda ƙasa. Don jinsin steppe, ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai raɗaɗi, haske, ta huce, tare da ƙarin humus da sauran abubuwan gina jiki.

Compositionasa abun da ke ciki:

• Ganyen humus - 1 tsp
• Sod ƙasar - awa 1
• Rashin yashi - 1 tsp
• Tsakuwa (magudanun ruwa) - 1 tsp

Yankan

Ana yin kwalliya a cikin bazara lokacin dasawa. Tsarin yankewa:

1. Emsananan masu tushe sun rabu - yara don haifuwa.
2. An datse lalacewar hanyoyin da suka kamu da cutar yayin dasawa.
3. An yanke rassan kwayar cutar da ke kamuwa da cututtuka.

Mahimmanci: bayan an yanke shi, an busar da itacen a inuwa m, wuraren yankan an bugu da garin gawayi.

Top miya

A coriphant ba ya bukatar m ciyar. Soilasa tana haɗuwa yayin dasa shuki tare da takin gargajiya - humus, humus. A lokacin bazara da bazara, ya kamata a ciyar da furanni da takin mai ma'adinai na musamman don cacti da succulents. Ana amfani da takin mai magani ta hanyar ban ruwa sau ɗaya a wata.

Wiwi

Saboda tsarin tushe mai karfi, an zabi tukunyar coryphants fiye da sauran cacti. A cikin tukunyar matsi, furen ya fara ciwo, an jinkirta fure. Ga kowane dasawa, yi amfani da tukunya mai girman 2 zuwa 3 cm a diamita fiye da ta baya. Muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da kwantena yumbu. Tukwanen yumbu suna tsara yanayin zafin ƙasa da kyau, suna hana jijiyoyin zafin rana.

Canja wurin

Ana yin dashen ne a cikin bazara, kowane shekara 3, yayin da tushen ya tsiro. An dasa shukokin da suka kamu da ruɓaɓɓe An zaɓi damar sau 2 ƙarar tushen. An riga an riga an lalata ƙasar; za a iya saka sassan gawayi a cikin cakuda.

Tsarin dasawa:

1. A hankali, don kada ya lalata ƙaya, an cire furen daga tukunyar.
2. Ana yanke tushen da aka lalata, ana sarrafa cutan ne tare da murƙushe kwal.
3. Tushen yakamata ya bushe har tsawon kwana 1 - 2.
4. Ana zuba magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar. 4 - 5 cm.
5. Ana canza furen tare da dunƙulen ƙasa.
6. Ya zurfafa zuwa matakin abin wuya na tushe.
7. Daga sama, ƙasar tana bushewa da tsakuwa.
8. Ana aiwatar da ruwa cikin kwanaki 3 - 4.

Wintering

Don hunturu, ana tura tukwane zuwa bushe, daki mai haske. Yanayin zafin jiki - 10 - 12 ° С.

Saukad da zafin jiki da ke ƙasa da 10 ° C na cutarwa ga coryphants.

Shayar da ciyarwa a cikin hunturu an tsayar, fure na buƙatar hutawa. Bayan hutun hunturu, furanni a hankali sun saba da haske mai haske.

Mahimmanci: bayan hunturu, za'a sake shayar kadan daga baya. Coryphanta ya shiga cikin ci gaban aiki daga baya fiye da sauran cacti.

Fasali na kula da waje

Gidan yana son iska mai kyau. A gida, ya zama dole don bar iska ta shiga daki. Tare da farawar zafi, yakamata a fitar da tukwane zuwa bude loggia, baranda. Za a iya sanya shi a cikin lambun ƙarƙashin alfarwa, ta kare ruwan sama. Ana iya sanya tukwane a cikin kwandon furanni na ado tsakanin duwatsu, ƙarƙashin alfarwa ta ƙananan shrubs. Coryphant yana tsoron sanyi; a lokacin faduwa, dole ne a kawo tukwane cikin gidan.

Sake haifuwa

Tsaba

Ana yin shuka iri a ƙarshen hunturu. Don shuka shuke-shuke, ana amfani da madaidaiciya, kwantena masu faɗi. Tsarin iri - 80 - 90%. Babu buƙatar tsaran iri. Don kamuwa da cuta, ana jika tsaba a cikin maganin manganese ko zircon kafin shuka.

An saka yashi, perlite da gawayi a ƙasa. Tsarin shuka:

1. An rarraba iri a ko'ina a ƙasa mai ƙanshi mai ɗan kaɗan.
2. An dasa tsaba iri-iri a cikin ƙasa.
3. An rufe akwatin shuka da gilashi ko tsare.
4. Hasken yana haske.
5. Yanayin zafin jiki na har zuwa 26 - 28 ° С.
6. Tsirrai sun tsiro cikin makonni 2.
7. Ana watsa shuka a kowace rana.
8. Bayan sati 3, ana cire fim din.
9. A tsakanin watanni 10, sai shukokin suka girma.

Mahimmanci: babban zafin jiki na dare yana saukad da lokacin da ake shuka shuki abin karɓa.

Harbe-harbe

Wasu shukokin sun zama masu tushe a kaikaice. Sun rabu a cikin bazara.

Rarraba shiri:

1. An datse guntun gefe.
2. An busar da harbi cikin kwanaki 2.
3. Ana sanya gindin da ya rabu a cikin ƙaramin tukunya na magudanar matattara.
4. Shayar bayan kwana 3 - 4 ta nutsewa.
5. Rooting yana faruwa tsakanin sati 2 zuwa 3.

Ayyuka tare da asalinsu masu zaman kansu sun rabu.

Fasali na haifuwa a cikin filin budewa

A cikin yanayi mai yanayi, ba a dasa coriphanta a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Ana yin shuka na tsaba a cikin greenhouses da musamman greenhouses. Raɓa, yalwar ruwan sama, saukad da daddare, ruwan ƙasa ana hana su yin shuka.

A takaice game da cututtuka da kwari

• Daga toshewar ƙasa, saiwar ta zama mai ruwa, ƙayawar ta yi rashin ƙarfi, kuma ƙwaya ta bayyana a kan ƙasa. Ana buƙatar dasawa da gaggawa, maye gurbin ƙasa.
• A kara wrinkled, ya fara mikewa - shi wajibi ne don shayar da shuka.
• Daga rana mai haske, coriphant ya zubar da ƙaya, aibobi suna bayyana a jikin akwatin - ƙonewa. Wajibi ne don inuwa furanni.
• An cire garkuwar da hannu. Ana sanya kwari da barasa ko ruwan inabi.
• Don mites gizo-gizo, mealybugs, fesawa da ruwan sabulu ko kuma kula da kara da phytoverm zai taimaka.

Idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da wasu nau'ikan cacti, to akan rukunin yanar gizon mu zaku iya karanta abubuwa game da Astrophytum, Gymnocalycium, Opuntia, Pereskia, Rhipsalidopsis, Ripsalis, Hatioru, Epiphyllum, Echinocactus, Echinopsis.

Makamantan furanni

1. Jirgin yana lankwasa. Kullun yana da siffar zobe, yana girma cikin kungiyoyi, rassa a gindi. Thorayayyun rawaya suna girma a cikin tsefe. Furen suna rawaya tare da inuwar lemun tsami, har zuwa 3 - 4 cm a diamita.
2. Hinton Coryphant yana da reshe mai tsayi na tsawon cm 15. Tubercles suna da girma, spines suna da haske, dogaye. Furannin suna rawaya, matsakaita-girman, har zuwa 4 cm a diamita.
3. Coryphanta Hinton iri-iri "Jeffrey". Kasan karami ne, har zuwa 2 cm a tsayi, mai siffar hemispherical. Tarin fuka da jijiyoyin baya ƙanana ne.
4. Coriphant na Wolshlager. Gwanin kore ne mai duhu, mai tsayi, tsayin cactus na manya ya kai 10 - 11 cm. Furen suna da girma, lemu mai ruwan kifi.
5. Coryphant Vogter. Kullun yana da siffar zobe, 6 cm a diamita. Furen suna da girma, rawaya mai haske.

Kulawa da kyau, shayar da hankali, ciyarwa akan lokaci, bin tsarin rayuwar shuka shine mabuɗin kyakkyawan ci gaba da haɓaka coryphants.

Kalli bidiyon: Saving a juveline Pachycereus pringlei Mexican giant Cardon (Yuni 2024).