Bayani mai amfani ga masoyan anthurium. Bayani game da iri tare da fararen furanni

Ganye mai launin kore mai duhu, tsire-tsire wanda yayi kama da kyandir a kan kyandir na marmara a siffar zuciya - wannan duk game da anthurium ne tare da furanni farare masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke da kyau a cikin ofis da ɗakin gida.

Anthurium yayi kyau a haɗe tare da sauran furanni a cikin kwandon ɗin. Wannan tsire-tsire yana da matukar damuwa, saboda haka yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.

Waɗanne irin anthurium tare da fararen furanni suke wanzuwa, game da kulawar gida da haifuwa, da cututtukan tsire-tsire da kwari, karanta labarinmu.

Bayanin tsirrai

Mutanen suna kiran anthurium "farin cikin namiji" saboda imanin da ke tattare da tasirin sa ga lafiyar maza. A cikin ƙasashen Turai, an sanya wa shuka sunan "fulawar flamingo" saboda launin ja ko ruwan hoda na takalmin gyaran kafa, wanda halayyar anthuriums ce da yawa, amma kuma ya shafi nau'ikan da furanni farare. Sunan Latin - Anthurium - an samo shi ne daga kalmomin Girkanci ma'ana "fure" da "wutsiya".

Turawan Faransa da kuma mai tsara shimfidar wuri E.F. sun gabatar da Bature zuwa anthurium. Andre. A cikin 1876, ya yi balaguron kimiyya zuwa Ecuador, inda ya gano wata shuka da ba a san ta ba a baya kuma ya aika kwafin ta zuwa Turai.

Harshen Anthurium na dangin Aroid ne. Dangane da ƙididdiga daban-daban, ya haɗa daga 500 zuwa fiye da nau'in 900. Yawancin anthuriums tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ne masu kauri, gajeru masu kaifi. Yanayi da sifofin ganyayyaki sun bambanta dangane da nau'in. Collectedananan murabba'i ko furannin rhombic an tattara su a cikin kunnen inflorescence tare da takalmin fata na fata masu launuka daban-daban - daga fari zuwa haske ja. Mutanen da ke nesa da tsire-tsire galibi suna kuskure kuskuren fure na fure guda na fure.... Mahalli na asali - daga Mexico zuwa arewacin Argentina.

Shuka iri da hotuna tare dasu

A cikin kayan lambu na cikin gida, iri biyu sunfi kowa - Anthurium Andre da Anthurium Scherzer. Ga su biyun, launin ja na takalmin gyaran kafa ya fi dacewa, amma akwai da yawa iri iri.

Saboda girman girmanta, Anthurium Andre ya fi girma sau da yawa a cikin gidajen ganye, amma kuma ya dace da yanayin gida. Daga cikin nau'ikan iri iri sune fari.

Farin Gwarzo

Farin zakara (Farin zakara). Iri-iri tare da kunnen rawaya a kan babban guntun kafa... Abubuwan farin farin dusar ƙanƙara suna da kyau. Yawancin lokaci, ɗanyen koren haske ya ratsa.

Farin Zuciya

Farin Zuciya (Farin zuciya). Kunnen wannan nau'ikan ruwan hoda ne mai haske tare da tsananin launi kusa da tip, fatar tana da fari, nuna.

Dadin Kowa (Acropolis)

Acropolis (Acropolis). Kunnen rawaya ne mai haske a gindi, tare da haske mai haske mai haske wanda ya tuna da wutar kyandir. Bract din farin-dusar ƙanƙara ne, siffar tana kusa da zagaye. Wannan nau'in yana halin manyan ganye.

Polaris (Arewa Star)

Polaris (Arewa Star). Kunnen ya yi fari, tare da lokaci yana samun ruwan hoda mai duhu. Yakin - mai tsayi, mai faɗi, tare da masu lankwasa masu kyau - yayi kama da hasken tauraro. Yayin da yake fure, ya zama koren.

Scherzer

Scherzer's Anthurium ya fi dacewa da ɗakuna da ofisoshi... Wani fasali daban shine kunne, an ɗan juya shi a karkace. Daga cikin nau'ikan fararen fata, Kundi mai dauke da farin kunne da farin takalmin oval an fi saninsa. An bayyana nau'ikan anthurium na Scherzer a nan.

Kulawar gida

• Zazzabi... Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire masu zafi, anthurium shine thermophilic. A lokacin bazara, yana buƙatar zazzabi na 20 zuwa 27 ° C, a lokacin hunturu-kaka an rage zuwa 15 ° C, amma dole ne a yi wannan a hankali. Furen baya jure zayyana. Daga tsakiyar watan Janairu, ya kamata ku fara haɓaka yanayin zafin jiki kuma a hankali ku kawo shi rani.
• Shayarwa... Anthurium, ɗan asalin gandun daji ne, yana son danshi sosai, amma baya jure ruwan dake tsaye. Zai dace idan akwai akwatin kifaye kusa da furen. Shayar da shi yalwa, musamman a lokacin bazara. Kafin ba da ruwa, ya kamata ka tabbatar cewa saman gona ya bushe, amma dole ne a bar ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta bushe gaba ɗaya. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata ya kasance a ɗakin zafin jiki, kuna buƙatar barin shi ya zauna. Ruwan lemun tsami ya kamata a taushi.

  Bayan an yi ban ruwa, dole ne a tsiyaye ruwan daga ramin.

• Haskaka... Anthurium baya haƙuri da hasken rana kai tsaye. An fi so a sanya shi a kan tagogin gabas da yamma. Idan taga tana fuskantar kudu, furen yana bukatar inuwa.
• Firamare... Don anthurium, ƙasa mai shirye don orchids cikakke ce. Soilasa ya zama dan kadan acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Kuna iya shirya cakuda da kanku ta hanyar haɗa ƙasa mai ganye da peat daidai gwargwado. Wasu masu shuka suna ba da shawarar hada bawon tare da ɗan sphagnum, peat da gawayi, da ƙara ɗan allurar Pine da kwakwalwan bulo. Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai kyau ga iska da danshi.
• Yankan... Yankan ya zama dole idan daji yayi kauri sosai, ko kuma idan akwai launuka masu launuka masu launin fari-fari. Kar ayi amfani da kayan itacen gona masu girma. Pruner yana aiki da kyau.
  1. Gyarawa yana farawa daga sama. Ana cire busassun ganyaye da twanigan itace, haka kuma launukan da suka canza launi. Gyara a kusurwar ƙasa.
  2. Bayan yankan har sai waraka, ana fesa shuka da ruwa daga kwalbar fesawa.
• Top miya... Don ciyarwa, ana amfani da takin mai ruwa don tsire-tsire masu furanni. Maganin ya zama mai rauni (20% na gwargwadon shawarar masu sana'anta).

  Anthurium ya kamata a ba da takin ba fiye da sau ɗaya a wata, in ba haka ba ganyayyaki za su fara girma ba tare da sun yi girma ba. Sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 3-4, zaku iya ciyar da anthurium tare da gishirin Epsom a ɗimbin cokali 1-2 na lita 4.5 na ruwa. An shirya maganin kafin shayarwa. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, ana rage ciyarwa a hankali, a cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, ba a ciyar da anthurium.

• Wiwi... Tukunya ya kamata ya dace da girman ƙwallon ƙasa. A cikin tukunyar yumbu, ƙasa tana bushewa da sauri, tukunyar filastik tana ba ku damar kula da matakin ɗimbin da ake buƙata a cikin matattarar. Yana da kyawawa cewa tukunyar tana da manyan ramuka na magudanan ruwa. Rim-goyan baya tare da gefen ƙasa zai ba da damar iska zuwa tushen. Babu wani hali da yakamata kayi amfani da tukwane.
• Canja wurin... Ana dasa tsire-tsire matasa kowace shekara, sannan kamar yadda ake buƙata. Babbar ma'aunin ita ce furen ta matse cikin tukunya. Bai kamata ku dasa sabon shukar da aka saya ba - ya kamata ta saba da sababbin yanayin.
  1. Kafin dasawa, ana sanya magudanan magudanan ruwa (alal misali, laka da aka faɗaɗa) a ƙasan sabuwar tukunyar, kuma zaren koko ko sphagnum shine na biyu.
  2. Na gaba, an rufe babban ƙasa.
  3. An cire tsire-tsire daga tukunyar, an tsabtace tushen asalin ƙasa da kyau (yana da kyau a kurkura su a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo), bincika ɓarna.
  4. An dasa shuki mai ƙoshin lafiya cikin tukunyar da aka shirya.

  Hakanan wasu masu shuka suna ba da shawara su shimfida da layin sphagnum a saman ƙasa.

• Wintering... Hunturu don anthurium lokacin bacci ne. A wannan lokacin, ana ajiye shi a zazzabi na kusan 15 ° C, ba a shayar da shi sama da sau ɗaya a mako kuma ba a ciyar da shi.

Sake haifuwa

Anthurium yana yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji, tsaba, harbe da yanke.

• Idan ana amfani da rarrabuwa na daji, to lokacin dasa furen an kasu zuwa kananan ƙananan bishiyoyi, waɗanda aka dasa a cikin tukwane daban.
• Yaduwar Seeda isa ya fi wahala. Ana ɗauke tsaba daga ria fruitsan itace cikakke, an cire ragowar ɓangaren litattafan almara. Bayan kashe kwayoyin cutar a cikin wani bayani na sinadarin potassium, sai a shimfida su akan fuskar ganye ko kasar peat. Don germination, ana buƙatar zazzabi aƙalla 22-24 ° C. Tsaba ta tsiro a cikin kwanaki 8-15. Bayan watanni 1.5, a cikin lokaci na ganye na gaske, an yi tara.
• Don yaduwa, zaku iya amfani da yankakken itacen apical, wanda ya samo asali daga rigar yashi.
• Harbe-harben gefen tare da tushen asalin an dasa kai tsaye cikin tukunyar.

Cututtuka da kwari

Anthurium mai saukin kamuwa ne:

1. Cututtukan fungal kamar su anthracnose, septoria, da parasites - mealybug, thrips, aphids. Don halakar da su, ana amfani da kayan gwari da magungunan kwari na musamman.
2. Hakanan, a yanayin zafi mai ƙaranci da ƙarancin alamomi, ganyayyaki na iya narkar da shi.

Makamantan shuke-shuke

• Calla, ko calla, suma dangin Aroid ne. Ba kamar anthurium ba, calla yayi kyau tare da yanayin arewa. A cikin Rasha, sau da yawa ana iya samun sa a cikin fadama, a cikin ramuka tare da ruwa mai tsafta. Yanda yake bayyana a cikin tsari da sifa yana kama da anthurium, kullun farar fatarsa ​​fari take.
• Zantedeskia dangi ne na calla, wanda a baya aka haɗa shi cikin jinsi guda da shi. Yazo daga Afirka.
• Kallopsis, wani tsire ne daga dangin Aroid. Halin halayyar ɗan gajere ne.
• Anaphyllum shima dangin Aroid ne. Ya fito ne daga dazuzzuka na Kudancin Indiya. A cikin tsari, inflorescence yana kusa da anthurium, amma fatar tana da launi mai launi da kuma siffar karkace.
• Spathiphyllum, wani memba na dangin Aroid, yayi kamanceceniya da anthurium. Kunnensa ya fi girma, kullun yakan zama fari, kuma ya zama kore a kan lokaci. Asali daga Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, ana samunsa a cikin ƙasashen Oceania. Kamar anthurium, ana amfani dashi a cikin furanni na cikin gida.

Anthurium tare da ban mamaki fararen furanni shine kyakkyawan zaɓi ga mai sayad da furanni... Haɗuwa da bambancin bambancin iri daban-daban suna da ban sha'awa sosai. Idan kun sanya shi kusa da ja ko lemu, to zasu cika dacewa kuma zasu zubar da mutuncin juna.

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