Evora, Portugal - garin gidan kayan gargajiya na bude-iska
Evora (Fotigal) an haɗa ta da gaskiya cikin jerin kyawawan biranen ƙasar. Tafiya a cikin cibiyarta zai kai ku can baya, ya lulluɓe ku a cikin yanayin canjin tarihi mai saurin canzawa. Al'adar Moorish da Roman ta rinjayi gine-ginen garin. Kowace shekara, dubun dubatar masu yawon buɗe ido suna zuwa Evora don shan giya mai daɗi kuma su ɗanɗana nau'ikan cuku da zaƙi na gida. Mazauna suna kiran Évora cibiyar ruhaniya ta Fotigal.
Hotuna: Evora, Portugal
Janar bayani
Birnin yana cikin kwanciyar hankali a tsakiyar yankin Fotigal a lardin Alentejo, gida ne kawai sama da mutane dubu 41. Evora ita ce cibiyar karamar hukuma da karamar hukuma da sunaye iri ɗaya. Kawai kilomita 110 daga babban birni, akwai gandun daji na zaitun, gonakin inabi da makiyaya. Ka ga kanka a cikin layuka masu kunkuntar tituna, tafiya cikin tsofaffin gidaje, sha'awar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. An san Evora a matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya na birni, inda kowane dutse ke kiyaye tarihinta mai ban sha'awa.
Tunanin tarihi
Lusitanians ne suka kafa yankin, sunan farko shine Ebora. Da farko, garin ya kasance gidan kwamandan Sertorius. Daga karni na 5 A.Z. anan bishop-bishop suka zauna.
A cikin 712 Mors ne ke mulkin garin, suna kiran garin Zhabura. Don dawo da Evora, masarautar Portugal ta kafa Aviz Knightly Order, shi ne ya zauna a cikin gari lokacin da aka kori Moors.
A cikin ƙarni na 15 da 16, Évora ita ce mazaunin gidan sarauta mai mulki. Ana kiran wannan lokacin zamanin zinare. Bayan haka Spain ta mamaye shi, bayan haka garin ya rasa muhimmacinsa na da. Babban abin da ya faru a karni na 19 shi ne cikakken mika wuya na sarki Miguel da kuma kawo karshen yakin basasa.
Abin da zan gani
Cibiyar Tarihi
Evora birni ne na gidan kayan gargajiya tare da wuraren zama na ban mamaki, waɗanda aka gina daga ƙarni na 15 zuwa na 18, tsoffin gidaje waɗanda aka yi wa ado da fale-fale, ƙirƙira. Gine-ginen zamanin da na musamman an fi jin shi sosai a tsakiyar garin, wanda aka haɗa shi a cikin jerin wuraren Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.
A cikin Évora, abin al'ajabi, tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, an kiyaye fasalin kyakkyawa, wanda aka kirkira ƙarƙashin tasirin al'adu da yawa. Ana gina sabbin wuraren zama ta hanyar da ba za ta dame kayan tarihin da Rome, Moors, Lusitanians suka bayar ba.
Yawancin abubuwan jan hankali na Evora an tattara su a cikin gari. Jerin mafi mahimmancin ya hada da Se Cathedral, fadojin Vasco da Gama da masarauta Manuel, Temple of Diana, coci-coci, ɗakin sujada. Duk abubuwan tarihi suna da cikakken adana.
Akwai motar bas daga tashar Sete Rios a cikin babban birnin Portugal zuwa tsakiyar Evora. Hakanan kuna iya zuwa ta mota, kuna bin babbar hanyar A2, to kuna buƙatar juya kan manyan hanyoyin A 6 da A 114.
Kashi Chapel Dry
Wani haske mai ban tsoro da ɗan ban tsoro a Evora (Fotigal) shine Chapel of Kasusuwa, wanda ɓangare ne na hadadden Haikalin St. Francis. A cikin wurin bautar akwai kasusuwa da kwanyar kawuna na sufaye 5,000.
Ginin yana nuna alamar mutuwa ta kusa kuma an gina shi bayan mummunan annoba da al'amuran soja waɗanda suka yi sanadin mutuwar dubban mutane. An sami kambin sarauta tare da rubutu: ƙasusuwanmu sun huta a nan, muna jiran naku.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Don kiyaye kasusuwa suyi fari, anyi musu magani da lemun tsami. Bonesasassun ƙasusuwan da suka karye sun kasance ƙasa kuma sun gauraye da ciminti.
Gidan sujada yana: Praca 1º de Maio, 7000-650 São Pedro, vora.
Se Cathedral
Ginin shrine ya fara a farkon karni na 12, kuma an kammala shi ne kawai a 1250. An yi wa babban cocin ado a cikin salon Romano-Gothic kuma an san shi a matsayin babban babban coci a Portugal. Yana dauke da tsoffin kayan aikin Fotigal, waɗanda aka tattara a karni na 16. An yi ado cikin cikin babban cocin da nau'ikan marmara daban-daban.
A waje, an kawata wurin bautar tare da hasumiyoyi biyu da sassaka abubuwa. A cikin ɗayansu akwai gidan kayan gargajiya na addini, inda ake nuna tufafin malamai, kayan gidansu da kayan cocin.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Vasco da Gama ya zo nan ne don albarka lokacin da zai tafi shahararren tafiya zuwa Indiya. An tsarkake jiragen ruwa da banners a cikin haikalin.
Katolika yana a: vora, Fotigal
Cromlech Almendrish
An yi la'akari da mafi girma a cikin Yankin Perinean kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a Turai. Cromlech yana da kusan duwatsu 100, a cewar masana tarihi da masu binciken tarihi, an ƙirƙira shi ne a ƙarni 5-6 kafin haihuwar Yesu. Wurin na da ne kuma a lokacin da yake wanzuwar wasu duwatsu sun ɓace. Dangane da fasali ɗaya, cromlech shine haikalin rana.
An samo zane-zanen sassaka akan duwatsu 10 (mazaje). A arewa maso gabas na hadadden akwai dutse daya tsayinsa yakai mita 2.5. Har yanzu masana tarihi ba su cimma matsaya a kan abin da ake nufi ba. Wadansu sunyi imanin cewa menhir mai nunawa ne, a cewar wani fasalin, akwai sauran masu aikin a wasu wurare.
Akwai filin ajiye motoci kusa da cromlech. Zai fi kyau ka zo da yamma ka zabi yanayi mai kyau, domin a lokacin ruwan sama ana wanke hanyar ƙasar. Neman hanyarka mai sauƙi ce - akwai alamu a hanya. Babu bayanai da yawa akan Intanet, amma sake dubawar yawon buɗe ido ɗaya ne - wurin yana birgewa kuma yana da daɗi, baku son barin nan.
Adireshin Cromlech: Recinto Megalitico dos Almendres, kusa da Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe, kilomita 15 daga garin Evora.
Bangon garu Fernandin
An gina shi a cikin karni na 14. Ga tsakiyar zamanai, ginin yana da ɗaukaka, amma a yau masu yawon buɗe ido kawai suna iya ziyartar sauran gutsuttsurar bangon kagara. An fara aikin gine-gine a cikin 1336 ta shawarar da masarautar Alphonse I. Ginin ya maye gurbin tsohon bangon, wanda ba zai iya ba da kariya ga birnin ba, wanda ke ci gaba. Ginin ya ƙare shekaru 40 bayan farawa a lokacin mulkin sarki Ferdinand, kuma an sa masa ginin suna da shi.
Tsayin ganuwar alamar ta kusan mita 7, amma a cewar wasu kafofin - mita 9, kaurinsu ya kai mita 2.2. Bangon yana da kofofi 17 da aka yi da dutse da karfe. Tsawon tsarin ya kai kilomita 3.4. Don ƙarin aminci da ƙarfi, an ƙara bangon da hasumiyoyi, akwai kusan 30 daga cikinsu.
Abin sha'awa sani! A cikin karni na 18, bukatar kare birnin ta bace, don haka ganuwar an dan lalata ta don fadada tituna. Ragowar abubuwan ginin a Évora suna cikin jerin abubuwan tarihin Portugal.
Babban Filin Giraldo
Filin Fotigal na yau da kullun tare da ƙirar zamani. Alsungiyoyi da yawon buɗe ido suna son yin tafiya a nan. Akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a tsakiyar filin, rafuka takwas waɗanda suke alama ce ta tituna takwas da suke haɗe da ita. An gina maɓuɓɓugar a cikin 1571 na marmara kuma an ɗora shi da kambin tagulla. Akwai wurare da yawa a cikin dandalin da zaku iya cin abinci mai daɗi kuma ku yaba da ƙimar gida.
A bayanin kula! Abun da ya gabata na filin bakin ciki ne kuma ɗan ban tsoro. Da farko, ana aiwatar da kisa anan. Tsawon karnoni biyu, ana aiwatar da mugayen hukunce-hukuncen Binciken. Fiye da mutane dubu 20 aka kashe a dandalin.
Filin yana cikin yankin tsakiyar gari. Ya cancanci zuwa nan don tafiya a kan fale-falen da aka haɗa, ku sha kofi na ƙanshi mai daɗi, kuma ku more yanayi mai ban sha'awa. A arewacin filin akwai gidan ibada na Santo Antau, wanda aka gina a karni na 16, a ɓangaren kudu akwai banki. Ana yin abubuwan nishaɗi akai-akai a dandalin - akwai kasuwar sadaka, ana sanya bishiyar Kirsimeti a jajibirin Kirsimeti. Da yamma, filin yana da sihiri a hanya ta musamman - duwatsu masu launuka iri-iri waɗanda ambaliyar ruwa ta haskaka su da wata.
Cocin St. Francis
Cocin da aka fi ziyarta a cikin garin yana cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO. Ginin haikalin ya ɗauki shekaru talatin - daga 1480 zuwa 1510. A baya can, akwai haikalin da aka gina a cikin karni na 12 ta hanyar Umurnin Franciscans. A cikin karni na 15, an sake gina cocin - an yi ginin ne da sifar giciye kuma an yi masa ado a cikin salon Gothic. A cikin haikalin, an gina ɗakin sujada don wakilan dangin masarauta, tun da yawancin mutane masu daraja sukan ziyarci nan.
Lura! An yi wa ƙofar ado da sassaka zane-zane - wannan tambarin sarki João II ne.
Aikin gine-ginen haikalin ya samar da ɗakunan bauta guda 10, babu shakka mafi shaharar su shine ɗakin sujada na ƙasusuwa. An kafa bagade a kowane ɗakin sujada. An gina babban bagaden marmara a ƙarni na 18. A ciki, cocin yayi kama da na marmari - an kawata shi da kayan kwalliya, zane tare da makircin littafi mai tsarki, tiles. Hakanan a cikin haikalin akwai wani ɓangaren da aka sanya a cikin karni na 18 kuma an yi masa ado a cikin salon Baroque.
A farkon karni na 19, haikalin ya zama kasa kuma har zuwa farkon karni na 20 kotun gari tayi aiki a cikin ginin. An sake gina mafi girman gini shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, an ware sama da euro miliyan 4 don hakan. Gidan ibada yana da gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya ƙunshi tarin ayyuka masu ban sha'awa game da addini. Cocin na baje koli wanda ya kunshi hotuna dubu 2.6 na Iyali Masu Tsarki da kuma al'adun haihuwa daga kasashe daban-daban.
Jami'ar Évora
A lokacin da sarakuna ke girmama garin Evora a Fotigal, an buɗe jami'a a nan, inda ake koyar da mashahuran gida da na Turai. Mutane da yawa masu kirkirar abubuwa sun hanzarta nan don wani rabo na wahayi.
A cikin 1756, an rufe jami’ar saboda an kori wanda ya kafa, Jesuits, daga kasar. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon rashin jituwa tsakanin Marquis de Pomballe da wakilan umarnin, waɗanda suka rarraba yankunan tasiri ba kawai a Évora ba, har ma a cikin Fotigal. A karshen karni na 20, jami'a ta fara ayyukanta kuma.
Adireshin jami'a: Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516 É vora.
Yadda ake zuwa can
Ana iya samun Evora daga Lisbon ta hanyoyi huɗu.
Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din
Ta jirgin kasa
Tafiya tana ɗaukar kimanin awanni 1.5, farashin tikiti daga Euro 9 zuwa 18. Jiragen kasa suna tashi sau 4 a rana daga tashar Entrecampos. Jirgin kasa na Railway (CP) sun tashi zuwa Evora.
Ta bas
Tafiya tana ɗaukar awa 1 45, farashin cikakken tikiti 11.90 0, an ba da rangwamen kuɗi ga ɗalibai, yara da tsofaffi. Jiragen sama suna tashi kowane minti 15-60. Motocin Rede Expressos suna gudu zuwa Evora daga tashar Lisboa Sete Rios.
Kuna iya duba jadawalin yanzu da siyan tikiti akan gidan yanar gizon dako www.rede-expressos.pt.
Taksi
Kuna iya yin oda canja wuri daga tashar jirgin sama ko otal a Lisbon. Kudin tafiya ya fara ne daga 85 zuwa euro 110.
Ta mota
Tafiya tana ɗaukar awa 1.5. Nisa tsakanin babban birni da Evora bai wuce kilomita 134 ba. Kuna buƙatar lita 11 na fetur (daga Yuro 18 zuwa 27).
Nemo Farashin kuɗi ko ajiyar kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom
Evora (Fotigal), tsohuwar birni wanda mutanen Moor suka rinjayi, ta sami zamanin zinariya lokacin da aka yi bikin aure na masarauta a nan. Evora ita ce cibiyar kerawa, ruhaniya, sanannun mashahuran Portugal, Spain da Holland sunyi aiki anan. Don jin yanayin birni mai ban mamaki, kuna buƙatar yawo a kan tituna, je shagunan tunawa da ziyarci abubuwan da ke cike da labarai masu ban mamaki.