Fasali da ƙa'idodi don dasa radishes a ƙarƙashin fim: lokacin da za a yi shuka a cikin greenhouse, yadda ake shuka da sauran nuances

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Dasa radishes a ƙarƙashin fim ana aikatawa don samun girbi na wannan kayan amfanin gona na farko. Don haɓaka tushen amfanin gona yadda yakamata, kuna buƙatar sani game da fa'idodi da rashin amfanin irin wannan shukar, da kuma nisan aikin shiri da ƙara kula da shuke-shuke matasa.

Daga wannan labarin, zaku kuma koyi yadda wannan hanyar ta bambanta da shukawa a cikin greenhouse da kuma cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ko ana buƙatar greenhouse don wannan, kuma waɗanne matsaloli ne zasu iya faruwa tare da wannan hanyar shuka tushen amfanin gona.

Fasali na dasa radishes a cikin wani greenhouse

Farkon shuka radish a ƙarƙashin fim yana da fasali da yawa:

Yarda da kwanakin sauka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Yakamata a zabi nau'ikan dake saurin jure sanyi.
Zaɓin nau'in elongated zai ba ku damar amfani da iyakar yankin da za a iya amfani da shi.
Kuna buƙatar zaɓar wani yanki mai dacewa, la'akari da duk siffofin wani iri-iri. Radish yana da karɓa sosai ga takin mai magani, don haka ya fi kyau a shirya gado na lambu don wannan tushen amfanin gona a lokacin kaka ta ƙara takin ko humus a cikin ƙasa.
Shuka kusan ba ya buƙatar shayarwa - akwai isasshen danshi ga shuke-shuke don tattarawa a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin.
Dole ne a sanyaya radish da aka dasa ƙarƙashin fim ɗin. In ba haka ba, haɗarin cututtukan fungal na tsire-tsire matasa zai ƙara ƙaruwa.

Ta yaya wannan hanyar ta bambanta da shuka a cikin greenhouse da kuma cikin ƙasa buɗe?

Dasa radishes a ƙarƙashin fim zai ba mai shi damar samun girbi da wuri, tare da kiyaye duk ƙoshin lafiya na kayan lambu ba tare da amfani da sinadarai ba. Kuma tsarin matsuguni, akasin ɗakunan ciyayi masu cikakken ƙarfi, baya buƙatar kusan duk wani saka hannun jari na kuɗi. Har ila yau karanta game da greenhouse da girma na radishes.

Ribobi da fursunoni

Abvantbuwan amfani daga hanyar:

Damar samun farkon girbi.
'Ya'yan itacen da aka girma a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin sun fi tsire-tsire da yawa da aka shuka a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Ana iya daidaita yanayin haɓakar shuru.
Ana kiyaye sauka daga mummunan yanayi.
Yawan ƙwanƙwasa na kayan lambu yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Ba a ɗanɗanar ɗanɗanar radish ba.

Rashin amfani:

Babban zafi da ƙimar zafin jiki yana ƙara haɗarin kwari da fungi.
Shuka na iya jawo hankalin beraye, wanda galibi ke rayuwa akan shafuka.

Yaushe zaka iya shuka, a wane zafin jiki?

Shuka farkon nau'ikan radish a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin yana ba ku damar cire amfanin gona na farko tuni kwanaki 18-20 bayan farawar farko sun bayyana. Radish na amfanin gona ne mai jurewar sanyi, shuke-shuke suna iya yin tsayayya da yanayin sanyi na dare har zuwa debe digiri 6-7 ba tare da lalata kansu ba, amma a ƙarancin zafin rana (ƙasa da digiri 8-10), haɓakar iri zata ragu.

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka a karkashin fim shine rabin rabin Maris da farkon Afrilu, lokacin da aka saita yanayin rana da digiri 10 a ma'aunin Celsius.

Mun shirya muku labarin daban game da yanayin zafin da radishes ke girma da kuma ko zasu iya jure daskarewa.

Gina greenhouse a gaba ko rufe radish bayan dasa shuki - abin da za a zaba?

Amsar wannan tambayar kai tsaye ta dogara da girman gadon gaba da girman wurin kwana. Idan girmanta ya sa ya yiwu a iya shuka iri a cikin ƙasa, zaka iya shigar da tsire-tsire kafin dasa shuki. A yayin da aka shirya ƙaramar shuka, zai fi kyau a rufe gado da takardar bayan shuka.

Fasali na aiki a cikin bazara - a watan Maris da Afrilu

Idan aka fara shuka danshi a ƙarƙashin fim, ana ba da shawarar shirya gado a gaba, a cikin kaka, gabatar da takin gargajiya a cikin kasar gona. A cikin bazara, kafin shuka, ku ma kuna buƙatar amfani da takin mai ma'adinai - wannan zai ba ku damar samun girbi mai kyau da kare tsire-tsire daga yawan cututtuka. Karanta game da wane irin ƙasa radish yake so.

Hasken rana a farkon lokacin bazara har yanzu gajere ne, amma ba a buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta don wannan amfanin gona na tushen, tunda yana cikin irin wannan yanayin ne thea fruitan ke rayayye. A cikin yanayin cikakken haske, radish ya shiga matakin haifuwa kuma yayi tasiri tare da bayyanar kibiyoyi da haɓakar aiki na ɓangaren ƙasa na shukar. Gano dukkan bayanai game da dasa radishes a watan Afrilu da yadda ake dasa shuke shuke a waje a farkon bazara.

Umurnin-mataki-mataki don aikin

Zabi iri-iri

Farkon da farkon mataccen iri sun fi dacewa don dasa bishiyar fim. Ya dace da farkon balagar iri sune:

Matsananci farkon ja.
Yaro F1.
18 kwanaki.
Bornan farin F1.

Duk waɗannan nau'ikan radish suna ba da girbi na farko kwanaki 18-20 bayan farawar farko sun bayyana.

Germination na tsaba a ƙarƙashin shuka a ƙarƙashin fim a yanayin zafin rana na kusan digiri 10 Celsius yana ɗaukar daga 3 zuwa 5 kwanaki.

Ya dace da farkon balaga iri:

Farkon ja.
Zafi
Celeste F1.

Kafin dasa shuki, kula da shawarar ƙasa game da irin shuka iri-iri.

Siyan tsaba

Matsakaicin farashi don daidaitaccen kunshin tsaba na gram 3-5:

A cikin Moscow kusan 30 rubles.
A cikin St. Petersburg, farashin tsaba sun ɗan yi ƙasa kaɗan - kimanin 25 rubles a kowane fanni.

Zaku iya sayan tsaba a kusan kowane shago na musamman ko a shafukan yanar gizo, wanda ma'aikatansu zasu isar da oda zuwa wurin da mai siye ya nuna.

Horarwa

Kaya

Dasa radish a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin baya buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman. Ya isa shirya karamin shebur da kwandon shayarwa don shayarwa.

Irin

Kafin fara shuka, ya zama dole ayi bitar irin. Shirya iri kamar haka:

Cire tsaba da aka lalace, kuma a nutsar da sauran ragowar a cikin ruwan gishiri tare da narkar da kusan 5%.
Ya kamata a cire irin da ke yawo, ba za su yi tsiro ba, kuma dole ne a wanke sauran abin da ruwa mai tsafta sannan a sa kyalle don bushewa
Bayan iri ya bushe, ana ware tsaba ta zabi iri iri iri. Wannan zai ba ka damar samun harbe-harbe iri ɗaya a nan gaba.

Kafin shuka, ana ajiye tsaba a cikin zane mai ɗumi na awanni 10-12.

Wanke shi tare da halattaccen bayani mai ƙanshi na potassium permanganate - wannan zai ƙara ɓarnatar da kwayar.

Tsarin shuka

Dasa radish a ƙarƙashin fim yana faruwa a matakai da yawa:

An kwance ƙasa kuma an shirya raƙuka tare da zurfin 1.5 - 2. Nesa tsakanin raƙuman ba zai zama ƙasa da 10 cm ba.
Ya kamata depressions su kasance da kyau kafin su dasa tsaba.
Ya kamata a sanya tsaba a cikin raƙuman daidai, a nesa na 2-4 cm daga juna. Ba a yarda da shuki mai ɗimbin yawa ba, tsire-tsire ba za su iya haɓaka gaba ɗaya ba.
An rufe filayen da ƙasa mai yashi mai haske.
Idan dusar ƙanƙara ba ta narke ba tukuna, za a iya zuba ƙaramin abu a kan shukar. A lokacin narkewa, hakan zai ma shayar da gadon lambu.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da dasa radishes a cikin labarin daban.

Yadda za a rufe shuka?

A saman gadon da aka shuka, ana sanya baka masu talla a nesa kusan 50 cm daga juna. An shimfiɗa fim a kan goyon bayan da aka sanya, an ƙare ƙarshensa da duwatsu ko allon.

Carearin kulawa

Wajibi ne a bi wasu mahimman sharuɗɗa yayin kula da farkon radishes da aka dasa ƙarƙashin fim ɗin:

Aiwatar da takin kan lokaci. Kowace kwanaki 10-12, ya zama dole don aiwatar da dasa tare da maganin urea (gram 10 a guga). Hakanan, bayan sati 2 da shuka, duk wani taki mai dauke da sinadarin potassium dole ne ayi amfani da shi. Mun rubuta dalla-dalla game da sutura don radish anan.
Ya kamata a yi shayar yayin da kasar ta bushe. Bai cancanci zuba kan shuke-shuke ba; yawan danshi na iya haifar da fasa cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Idan ya wuce gona da iri, sassautawa ya zama dole.
Tare da yawan hasken rana, ya kamata a rufe gadon lambun da kayan rufe duhu. In ba haka ba, tsire-tsire zai ba da kibiyoyi, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa ba za su sami nauyi ba.

Matsaloli masu girma da hanyoyin magance su

Lokacin dasa radishes a ƙarƙashin fim, matsaloli masu zuwa na iya tashi:

Harbe-harbe ba su bayyana na dogon lokaci. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin ingancin iri da kuma tsananin sanyi da ƙasa mai danshi lokacin dasa shuki. Guji matsaloli ta hanyar bincika tsaba da pre-jiƙa su a cikin salin.
Harbe-harbe suna ci gaba a hankali. Matsalar galibi ana samun ta ne sakamakon ƙarancin sinadarin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa; don gyara lamarin, ya isa shayar da gonar tare da maganin urea.
Tushen amfanin gona ba a kafa shi ba. Wannan na iya haifar da haske mai yawa ko zurfin dasawa. Idan irin wannan matsala ta faru, ya kamata a rufe gado da fim mai duhu.
'Ya'yan itacen sun zama fibrous, fanko sun bayyana. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana samun wannan matsalar ta rashin kiyaye lokacin amfani da girbi radishes.
Fashewa ya bayyana. Dalilai na iya zama dasa shuki mai matse jiki, da rashin wadataccen ruwa da overripening (koya game da yadda ake shuka da kyau a kuma shayar da radish).
'Ya'yan itacen sun zama baƙi a ciki. Wannan matsalar tana nuna wata cuta ta shuka, wacce za'a iya gyara ta hanyar sarrafa danshi da kuma cire cututtukan harbe.

Za a iya dasa Radish a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin a ƙarshen Maris. Wannan ba kawai zai baku damar samun girbi na farko ba, amma kuma shirya ƙasa don shuka wasu albarkatu.

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