Fasali da ƙa'idodi don dasa radishes a cikin bazara a buɗe ƙasa: yaushe zaku iya shuka, yadda ake shuka da sauran nuances
An dauki Radish a matsayin kayan marmari mai daɗi da lafiya na farko. Ana amfani dashi a cikin shirye-shiryen salati da yawa da sauran jita-jita. Ana kaunarsa saboda dandano na musamman. Musamman mashahuri shine tushen amfanin gona wanda ya girma a cikin gonar shi, wanda har ma da wani sabon lambu mai iya yi.
Mai zuwa ya bayyana yadda da yaushe yakamata ayi shuka, yadda za'a kula da shukoki, sannan kuma a koya game da ka'idojin tattarawa da adana albarkatun gona.
Siffofin shuka radishes a cikin bazara kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasa
Radish yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin girma; an dasa shi a baya fiye da sauran albarkatu, ba tare da damuwa da shirya gadaje ba. Lokacin da lokacin shuka sauran, mafi yawan kayan marmari masu son zafi, asalinsu zai riga ya ba da amfani. Wannan kyakkyawar dama ce don amfani da gado ɗaya sau biyu a kowane lokaci. Wannan shine keɓaɓɓiyar lokacin bazara mai girma na radishes.
Ta yaya ya bambanta da girma a wasu lokuta na shekara?
Radish tsire-tsire ne mai-sanyi. Don girma tuber, tana buƙatar awanni 10 - 12 na lokutan hasken rana, don haka dasa shuki zai fi kyau a farkon bazara.
Lokacin da ranar ta kara tsayi, kuma yanayin iska ya dumama har zuwa + 24 - 25 digiri, wannan yana mummunan tasiri ga ci gaban tubers - radish zai fara fure da jefa kiban, yana shiga yanayin kiwo.
Idan ya zama dole a sake shukawa a lokacin bazara, yi la’akari da abubuwan da ake so na radish don ƙasa da zafin jiki, zaɓar nau’ikan da suka fi dacewa tare da ƙarshen lokacin girbi.
Me yasa mutane suke zabar lokacin bazara don dasa kayan lambu?
Lokacin bazara shine mafi kyawun lokaci don shuka tushen amfanin gona. A wannan lokacin, ƙasa ta ƙunshi isasshen adadin danshi don ci gaban da ya kamata na tubers, ɗan gajeren lokacin hasken rana yana ba su damar haɓaka, kuma ba saman ba. Matsakaicin yanayin iska yana ba da gudummawa ga wannan.
Radish ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da bitamin waɗanda jiki ke buƙata bayan hunturu.
Yaushe za ku iya shuka dangane da yankin?
Ingancin amfanin gona yana tasiri ta lokacin dasawar radish. Dogon lokacin hasken rana da yanayin iska mai tsayi za su sa amfanin gona ya yi rauni, tubers ya yi girma ƙanana, mai walƙiya. Dogaro da yanayin zafin jiki shukoki sun bayyana kwanaki 4-10 bayan shuka, sabili da haka, don yankuna daban-daban, lokacin shuka tushen amfanin gona daban.
A cikin Siberia
Zai fi kyau a yi shuka a ƙarshen Afrilu, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, ƙasa ta narke, ƙasa za ta ɗumi kaɗan kuma ta dace da shuka.
A cikin Urals
Saukowa yana faruwa kadan kadan, a tsakiyar Afrilu, lokacin da babu murfin dusar ƙanƙara, ƙasa ta sami damar ɗumi kadan kuma barazanar sanyi ya wuce.
A Tsakiyar Rasha (yankin Moscow)
Da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, ƙasa ta narke, tsananin sanyi ya koma baya, zaka iya fara dasa radishes. waɗancan. ba a farkon karshen watan Maris ba.
Wane irin zazzabi ne ƙwayoyin za su iya jurewa, shin suna tsoron sanyi?
Radish al'ada ce mai jure sanyi, wanda yake mafi mahimmanci ga yankuna na Urals da Siberia. Seedlings ya bayyana a mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki na +5 digiri, suna iya tsira da sanyi a kan ƙasa har zuwa biyar.
Tare da raguwa zuwa debe takwas, lalacewar ganyayyaki yana yiwuwa, idan sanyi ya ja na dogon lokaci, tushen amfanin gona na iya wahala. Ya kamata a tuna cewa ƙananan zazzabi yana jinkirta ci gaban kayan lambu.
Informationarin bayani game da yanayin zafi wanda radish ke tsiro, ko yana tsayayya da daskarewa, an bayyana shi a cikin wani labarin.
Umarnin mataki zuwa mataki: yadda ake shuka radish daidai?
Garanti na samun girbi mai inganci shine zaɓaɓɓun iri da aka zaɓa da shirye-shiryen ƙasa don shuka.
Wanne iri-iri ya kamata ku zaɓi kuma me yasa?
Lokacin zabar nau'ikan iri, la'akari da lokaci da wurin dasa, yankin noman:
- Ofayan thea thean masu bada -a andan itace da farkon-girma shine karin kumallo na Faransa. Ana samun 'ya'yan itatuwa na farko bayan kwana 23 - 25. Ana rarrabe su ta hanyar tsawan elongated na launuka ja mai haske tare da farin fari. Kusan baya jefa kibiyoyi.
- "Ja da wuri" mai juriya ga kibiya, an girbe amfanin gona na farko bayan kwanaki 30. 'Ya'yan farin' ya'yan itace masu launin ja mai duhu.
- An bambanta nau'ikan Sora ta babban girman kayan lambu - har zuwa 4 - 5 cm a diamita, tare da m, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu yawa. Saboda juriyarsa ga cututtuka da yanayin iska mai ɗumi, ya dace da girma a watan Mayu - Yuni.
- Tsakanin tsakiyar lokacin "Helios" iri-iri sun girma bayan kwana 30 a matsakaita. Tushen amfanin gona na launin ruwan rawaya wanda ba sabon abu ba tare da dandano mai kyau.
- Na farko-farko "kwanaki 16" yayi magana don kansa - ya fara a cikin kwanaki 16. An bayyana shi da tartan tartan fruitsyan pinka pinkan ruwan hoda mai fari tare da farin zuciya.
- "Heat" tare da bawon rasberi da hoda, ɗan ƙaramin ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, zai ji daɗin girbi na farko cikin kwana 20.
Don namo a cikin yankunan Siberia da Urals, nau'ikan "Heat", "Helios", da "Duro", "Presto", "Poker F1", waɗanda suke daga farkon nau'o'in girma, sun dace. An fi dacewa dasu zuwa ga sanyi na gajeren lokaci da sauran yanayin yanayi mara kyau.
A ina kuma nawa za ku sayi tsaba?
Zaku iya siyan tsabar radish a cikin Moscow da St. Petersburg a wuraren sayarwa na musamman ko akan Intanet akan farashin 10 - 35 rubles a kowane kunshin. Kudin ya dogara da masana'anta da nau'ikan da aka zaɓa.
Shirya iri
Dangane da ka'idoji, kafin dasa shukar, ana bincikesu da kyau kuma ana jera su, hakan yana taimakawa wajen kara yawan kwayar cutar. Bai kamata a dasa samfurai masu lalacewa da rabi ba, ana jefa su. Don saurin daidaito da daidaito, yi amfani da wannan hanyar:
- shirya ruwan gishiri a ma'aunin gilashi ɗaya na ruwa a kowace gishiri 10 g;
- ana sanya tsaba a cikin wani bayani kuma a ajiye shi na mintina 2;
- tsaba da suka taso kan farfajiyar sun haɗu;
- wadanda ke da lafiya ana wanke su cikin tsaftataccen ruwan sha, sun bushe domin kara ajiya da shuka.
Don hana cututtukan fungal daga kamuwa da tsire-tsire, ana ba da shawarar a jiƙa tsaba a cikin maganin manganese na rabin awa, kurkura a cikin ruwa mai tsabta kuma a bushe sosai.
Mafi girman irin shine, mafi kyawun girbi zai kasance. Ananan, tsaba masu ƙarewa za su samar da 'ya'yan itace da furanni masu rauni.
Gwanayen lambu sun ba da shawarar jiƙa kayan iri kafin a shuka su a cikin ruwan dumi na tsawan mintuna 15, ko ajiye shi a cikin danshi mai ɗumi na awa 24. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗun ƙasa, ana aiwatar da hardening, don haka yana ƙaruwa da juriya ga matsanancin zafin jiki.
Saboda wannan, ana sanya tsaba a cikin jakar nama kuma a bar su na yini ɗaya a zafin jiki na ɗaki. Sannan a canza su zuwa firiji a lokaci guda. Ayyuka iri ɗaya sun canza na kwanaki 3 - 4, bayan haka ana ɗaukar tsaba a shirye don shuka.
Kara karantawa game da shirya tsaba don shukawa a cikin labarin daban.
Yadda za a shirya gadaje?
Shiri yafi dacewa ayi kaka. Suna gabatar da takin zamani a cikin ƙasa kuma suna haƙa ko garma, a lokacin bazara ƙasa za ta sami ƙarfi, karɓar abubuwan gina jiki kuma za su kasance a shirye don ba da amfanin gona. A cikin bazara, gadon yana da kaushi, yana fasa manyan dunƙulen ƙasa tare da rake.
Radish yana son haske, sako-sako, tare da tsaka tsaki acidity baƙar ƙasa. Clayy, ƙasa mai nauyi ana gauraya da peat da yashi, in ba haka ba zaiyi wuya kayan lambu su samar ba. Filin budewa, iska mai kariya ta iska da yanki na yashi ya dace.
Kada gadon gonar ya haskaka da rana sama da awanni 12, yana da kyau cewa da rana shafin ya kasance a cikin inuwar m. Idan babu inuwa ta halitta, ƙirƙirar ta roba - sanya baka da shimfiɗa agrofibre ko raga mai inuwa.
Kara karantawa game da zabi na kasar gona don bunkasa radishes, game da wacce kasa ta fi dacewa, karanta a nan.
Bayan wanne yafi kyau shuka?
Radish yana jin daɗi bayan zucchini, squash, cucumbers. Hakanan ana yin la'akari da tsofaffin kafuran gado da na dare. Girbi mara kyau zai kasance bayan kabeji da sauran tsire-tsire masu gicciye. Tare da juyawar amfanin gona daidai, zaka iya shuka girbi mai kyau.
Tsari
Yi la'akari da yadda ake aiwatar da aikin dasa radishes, zuwa wane zurfin ya fi kyau shuka iri, me zai faru idan kun yi shuka mai zurfi. Ana yin radishes ta hanya mai zuwa:
- Don dasa shuki, ana yin ramuka akan shafin mai zurfin 2 cm da 15 cm daga juna.
- Yana da kyau a yayyafa ƙasa da toka ko yashi.
- Furrows suna shayar.
- An shuka tsaba 1 cm, nisan da ke tsakanin su ya zama aƙalla 5 cm.
- Grooves suna da ɗan matse don kawar da fanko.
- An sake shayar da shi a saman.
Wasu yan lambu sun zabi hanyar dasa radishes ta amfani da kwan kwan. Shirye-shiryen gado ya shanye, yana jiran ruwan ya sha. Sannan ana yin recesses a cikin ƙasa tare da tiren, wanda a ciki suke sa tsaba su yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Compasa tana matsewa kuma an zubo ta daga gwangwanin shayarwa. Karanta game da girma radishes a cikin cassettes kwai a nan.
Dasa radishes mai zurfin gaske zai sanya tushen kayan lambu yayi tauri da fibrous.
Don saurin bazuwar tsaba, bayan 6 na yamma, an rufe gado da fim, da safe an cire shi.
Kulawa da matasa
Tushen amfanin gona baya bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Ruwa na farko ana yin sa ne 'yan kwanaki bayan germination. A nan gaba, ana ba da tsire-tsire da ingantaccen shayarwar yau da kullun, tunda rashin danshi zai shafi girma da ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen. Excessarawar danshi yana haifar da fatattar thea fruitan. Karanta yadda za'a shayar da shuka don ya girma da sauri anan.
Wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa gadajen ba su cika da ciyawa ba, layuka masu kauri masu yawa ana bushe su, in ba haka ba kayan lambu zai samar da saman kawai. Soilasa da ke kewaye da layuka ta kwance, tana hana bayyanar ɓawon ɓawon burodi. Top miya tare da nitrogen da takin mai magani a lokacin namo ba a za'ayi - da kayan lambu ne yiwuwa ga jari na nitrates.
Takin ƙasa a cikin kaka ta amfani da superphosphate da potassium nitrate. Idan ba a aiwatar da ciyarwa a lokacin bazara ba, ana gabatar da abubuwan da ke zuwa cikin ƙasa sau biyu a lokacin girma, ana lissafa ta kowace murabba'in mita 1 na gonar:
- taki - 2 kilogiram;
- takin - 1 kg;
- ash itace - 1.5 kilogiram;
- gishiri - giram 15;
- superphosphate - gram 10;
- potassium sulphide - 10 grams.
Girbi da ajiya
Yi girbi yayin da thea fruitan ke tsiro. Da yamma, ana ba da gadaje, kuma da safe suna farawa kai tsaye don tattara kayan lambu.
- Yaran da suka balaga sun fara girbi a cikin kwanaki 18 bisa matsakaici.
- Matsakaici - bayan kwanaki 23.
- Late balaga cikin kwanaki 30.
Tushen da aka girbe ana adana su a cikin firiji ko cellar, bayan sun cire saman da ke nesa da 2 - 3 cm daga 'ya'yan itacen, kuma suka kwashe su cikin buhunan filastik.
Rayuwar shiryayye ta kasance mako guda. Wasu nau'ikan za a iya adana su na wata ɗaya, amma 'ya'yan itacen a wannan lokacin na iya zama mai gajiya da rashin dandano.
Radish ba shi da kyau a girma, mai wadataccen bitamin da ma'adanai, ana ƙaunarta don ɗanɗano mai daɗi. Dangane da yanayin girma, yana iya samar da albarkatu a duk lokacin bazara.