Leiden - garin tashar ruwa ta duniya a cikin Holland
Leiden yana kan Old Rhine River a lardin South Holland. Gida ne na mutane dubu 120. Yawan gidajen adana kayan tarihi, gine-ginen da aka kiyaye, abubuwan tarihin da suka gabata a nan suna da ban mamaki: akwai kusan 3000 irin waɗannan abubuwa a cikin kilomita 26 na yankin gari. Leiden ɗayan mafi kyaun wurare ne ga waɗanda suke son koyan sabbin abubuwa kuma suke da sha'awar tsufa.
Farkon ambaton wannan birni ya samo asali ne tun daga ƙarni na 10. Wasaramar ƙauye ce a ƙasashen bishop na Utrecht. Centuriesarni biyu bayan haka, an gina kagara a nan. A lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru ɗari, Leiden ya girma daga 'yan gudun hijira kuma ya ci gaba na dogon lokaci ta hanyar kasuwanci da saƙa. A cikin karni na 16, ya zama sanannen cibiyar buga takardu. Don jaruntakar kare Leiden yayin yakin Holland da Spain a 1574, Yariman Orange ya ba wa birni izinin buɗe jami'a. Wannan jami'a, ɗayan tsofaffi a Turai, tabbas shine babban ƙimar da jan hankalin birni.
Dangane da yawan tashoshi, Leiden a cikin Netherlands shine na biyu bayan Amsterdam. Akwai kilomita 28 na "hanyoyin ruwa" a nan. Tafiya jirgin ruwa ya zama dole ga masu yawon bude ido, saboda yawancin hanyoyin suna kama da koguna masu gudana. Babbar hanyar garin ita ce Rapenburg. Idan kuna da sha'awar ziyartar abubuwan jan hankali, to ku sani: a ranar Lahadi, shiga ko'ina yana da kyauta.
Babban jan hankali
Wakokin Bango na Leiden
Idan kana yawo a kan titunan garin Leiden na kasar Holland, za ka ga wakoki na shahararrun mawaka a bangon. Leiden ne kaɗai birni a duniya da aka rubuta waƙoƙi a jikin bango. An fara wannan "salon" ne a shekarar 1992 a shirin gidauniyar al'adun Tegen Beeld.
An gabatar da waƙoƙin Rasha sosai yadda ya dace: ta ayyukan Tsvetaeva, Khlebnikov, Blok. Idan kun tashi don ganin titi, fitilar titi, kantin kan bango, to yakamata kuje kusurwar titunan Roodenburgerstraat da Thorbeckestraat. Idan kana son karanta shahararren Leningrad na Mandelstam, to je zuwa Haagweg Street, gina 29.
Waka ta farko da aka sanya a bango ita ce "Waqoyina" na M. Tsvetaeva. Yana a Nieuwsteeg 1.
Gidan kayan gargajiya "Falcon" (Molen museum de Valk)
Falcon mill (Molen museum de Valk) kallo ne na irin wannan wanda bazai yuwu a lura dashi ba. Tana hasumiya a kan hanya ta adireshin Tweede Binnenvestgracht 1. Daga cikin matatun iska 19 da aka taba sanyawa a Leiden, Falcon shine mafi kyawun kiyayewa.
Akwai benaye guda biyar a cikin ginin, wanda uku daga cikinsu sun kasance gidan mai niƙa. Hawan babban matattakalar katako har zuwa saman yana ba da ra'ayoyi masu ban mamaki game da birni. Mafi mahimmanci, zaku koya game da sana'ar niƙa da tsohuwar fasahar nika gari "fasahohi".
Sunan dangi wanda ke rike da Molenmuseum de Valk shine Van Rijn. Wannan shahararren sunan, wanda shima mallakar Rembrandt ne, ya shahara sosai a garin Leiden da kuma Holland gabaɗaya. Amma masu sana'ar milkin ba dangin mai zanen ba ne. A cikin 1911, magaji na gaba ga dangin ya bar aikin mahaifinsa ya fara shirya gidan kayan gargajiya. Mota yana aiki har yanzu: idan kuna da buhun hatsi tare da ku, kuna iya niƙa shi.
Entranceofar gidan niƙa duk mako, ban da Lahadi "kyauta", farashinsa 4 €.
Karanta kuma: Zaanse Schans ƙauyen ƙabila ne kusa da Amsterdam.
Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi (Museum Volkenkunde)
Gidan Tarihi na Ilimin ɗabi'a yana da ƙimar gaske da tarin dukiya. Wata muhimmiyar alama a kanta a cikin Leiden da Netherlands, an buɗe ta ne bisa umarnin Sarki Willem I na Holland a 1837. Yana ɗayan tsofaffin tarin ƙabilu a duniya kuma ɓangare na National Museum of World Culture. Museum Volkenkunde ya ƙunshi tarin goma (daga asalinsu) daga Afirka, Greenland, Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka, China, Oceania, Korea da Japan, da sauran yankuna.
Kowane ɗayan tarin yana ɗauke da dubban abubuwan nune-nunen, daga kayan tarihi na shekaru dubu da suka gabata zuwa kayan gida. Gabaɗaya, tarin ya haɗa da abubuwa dubu 240 daban daban da nune-nunen audiovisual dubu 500.
- Adireshin gidan kayan gargajiya - Steenstraat 1.
- Bude duk ranakun banda Litinin, daga 10.00 zuwa 17.00. Bude a ranakun hutu suma ranakun Litinin.
- Entranceofar tana da daraja 14 € ga mutanen da suka haura shekara 18, 6 € - ga yara.
Lambunan Botanical
Lambun kayan lambu ya bayyana a matsayin wani ɓangare na jami'a shekaru 430 da suka gabata. Ya kasance sanannen sanannen masanin ilimin tsirrai Karl Klysius, ɗan asalin Holland da Leiden. Muhimmancin wannan lambun tsirrai na ilimin kimiya da kuma Netherlands ya tabbatar da cewa anan ne aka fara shuka tulips a karon farko a kasar. Yanzu lambun Botanical na Leiden hectare ne na wuraren da ake ba da ciyayi, lokacin rani da kuma lokacin sanyi, inda ake kiyaye yanayi iri-iri da kuma shuke-shuke daga yankuna daban-daban na duniya.
- Kuna iya ganin duk wannan kyakkyawa a Rapenburg 73.
- Ziyarci kudin – 7,5 €.
- Lambun Botanical yana buɗewa a lokacin rani daga 10.00 zuwa 18.00, kuma a cikin hunturu - daga 10.00 zuwa 16.00, banda Lahadi.
Gateofar gari (De Zijlpoort) da gadar Kornburg (Koornbrug)
Tsohon garin Leiden a cikin Netherlands yana da kyakkyawar ƙofa daga kwanakin da aka yiwa garin ganuwa. Mafi dadewa daga cikinsu shi ne wayofar Zofar (Zijl), da ke arewacin arewacin sansanin soja na Leiden. An gina ƙofofin masu ɓoye a cikin 1667. Wannan gini ne irin na gargajiya, wanda shahararren maigidan baƙon R. R. A kishiyar ɓangaren tsohuwar garin akwai Moofar Morspoort ko "gallows". A da, ganuwar ganuwar tana da hanyoyin shiga 8, amma Zijlpoort da Morspoort ne kawai suka rayu har zuwa yau. Zijlpoort shine ɗayan alamun birni, muhimmiyar alama a Leiden da Holland.
Mafi kyawun kyakkyawa da gada mai kyau akan Rhine yana kusa da sansanin soja na Burcht. Ana kiran shi Kornburg. Wannan gada ta daɗe da zama wurin ciniki. Mazauna yankin suna kwatanta shi da Rialto ta Venetian, kuma yawon buɗe ido galibi suna ziyartarsa a kan hanyarsu ta zuwa sansanin soja.
Coci a saman ƙasa (Hooglandse Kerk)
Hooglandse Kerk babban cocin Gothic ne mai ban sha'awa wanda aka sadaukar domin St. Fanfowa. An gina shi a karni na 15, amma an sake gina shi kuma ya faɗaɗa shi sau da yawa. A wani lokacin, bisa umarnin Akbishop na Utrecht, babban coci ne. Kuma daga baya, yayin yaƙin tare da Spaniards, an yi amfani da shi azaman ɗakin ajiyar hatsi. Katolika yana a Nieuwstraat 20.
Kuna iya yardar kaina zuwa jan hankali:
- a ranar Litinin daga uku zuwa biyar na yamma, ranar Talata daga 12 zuwa 15
- a ranar Laraba daga 1 na yamma zuwa 12 na safe
- a ranar Lahadi daga 9 zuwa 14.
Kada ku karaya idan kun kasa shiga cikin Hooglandse Kerk. Kyawun wannan babban cocin yana cikin fasalin sa mai ban sha'awa. Ana iya yaba wannan koda daga hoto ne daga garin Leiden (Netherlands).
Gidan Tarihi na Hermann Boerhaave
Hermann Boerhaave ƙwararren likita ne, masanin ilimin kimiyyar kemis da ilimin kimiya wanda ya rayu a farkon ƙarni na 17 da 18. Wataƙila shine ɗan shahararren ɗan asalin Leiden na biyu bayan Rembrandt. Saboda haka, Leiden Museum of the History of Science and Medicine (sunan hukuma) yana da sunansa. A cikin wani gini a Lange St. Agnietenstraat 10 ya kasance gidan sufi ne, sannan daga baya ya zama gidan wasan kwaikwayo, inda Boerhaave da kansa ya yi aiki. Linnaeus, Voltaire kuma, bisa ga wasu bayanai, Peter I ya halarci laccocinsa a ginin gidan wasan kwaikwayo.
Nunin ya hada da irin abubuwan al'ajabi kamar su shahararren bankin Leiden (daya daga cikin kwafin) da kuma sanannen Leiden flea. Gidan Tarihi na Hermann Boerhaave da ke Leiden, Netherlands, sananne ne saboda ƙirar ƙirar jikin mutum da kayan aikin asibiti. Anan aka adana abubuwan girke-girke waɗanda shahararrun masana kimiyyar lissafi da kemist suka yi aiki da su.
Kuna iya ganin wannan jan hankalin daga 10.00 zuwa 17.00 a kowace rana banda Litinin.
A bayanin kula: Waɗanne gidajen tarihi da za a ziyarta a Amsterdam - zaɓi na 12 mafi ban sha'awa.
Kasuwar gari (De Markt)
Kasuwannin gida sune keɓaɓɓen dalili don girman kan Yaren mutanen Holland. Kasuwar garin Leiden tana nan kyauta a kowace Asabar dama tare da hanyoyin Oude da Rhine, akan gadar Kornburg da titunan da ke kewaye. Da alama mazaunan birni, kamar da, sun bar gidajensu ranar Asabar don siyan abinci da zamantakewa.
Anan zaku iya siyan zahiri kowane abinci da wasu kyawawan kaya masu kyau: abincin teku, kifi, cuku, fure, 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu na zamani, kyawawan tituna. A cewar masu yawon bude ido, lallai ya kamata ku yi “tanadi” tare da kayan yaji mai daɗi kuma ku gwada waffles a kasuwar Leiden. Gano abin da za a gwada a Holland don yawon buɗe ido a wannan shafin.
Me kuma za a gani a Leiden?
Abubuwan da aka lissafa ba duk sun cancanci kulawa a cikin Dutch Leiden ba. Tare da yara, yana da kyau a ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya na kimiyyar kayan gargajiya na zamani Naturalis, inda karkanda masu rai ke tafiya tare da ɗakin da aka saka gilashi. Lallai ne masoya zane su je Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi (a cikin layuka masu zane). Kuma yawon bude ido na kowane zamani zasu kasance masu sha'awar Corpus. An gina shi a cikin sifar jikin mutum, ta inda zaku iya tafiya daga gwiwa zuwa kai, kuna koyo game da kanku daki-daki.
Idan kuna son duban tsoffin gine-gine da majami'u, to ba za ku iya zagaya Burcht van Leyden - Leiden Fortress, ɗayan tsofaffi a Holland, wanda ke kan gari da kyau kuma ya kyauta. Har ila yau, ku yi sha'awar tsohuwar zauren garin kuma ku shiga tsohuwar cocin St. Peter (Pieterskerk).
Inda zan zauna
Kudin otal-otal da gidaje a Leiden sun yi ƙasa da na Amsterdam da sauran manyan biranen Netherlands. A cikin ɓangaren tarihi na birni, farashin masauki a cikin otal mai arha, misali, a cikin Best Western City, zai zama 140 140 na uku. Apartment Boutique Rembrandt a cikin tsohon garin, kai tsaye yana kallon mashigar ruwa da garin De Markt, zai biya € 120 kowace dare. Za a iya yin hayar ɗakuna masu faɗi da rashin fa'ida don Euro 90 a tsada a Old Leiden Easy BNB Hotel, rabin kilomita daga cibiyar tarihi.
Idan kun daraja jin daɗi da sabis na otal na aji na farko, Booking.com yana ba da shawarar Holiday Inn Leiden, otal mai tauraruwa 4 a cikin sabon gabashin gari. Farashin ɗakin daki biyu yana farawa daga 164 €. Babbar Golden Tulip Leiden ta arewacin gundumar Houtwartier, mai nisan kilomita ɗaya daga tsohon garin, yana ba da ɗakuna na yuro 125 kowace dare. Zaɓin zaɓin masauki yana da kyau kuma yawancinsu suna kusa da abubuwan jan hankali na Leiden.
Nemo Farashin kuɗi ko ajiyar kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom
Inda za a ci abinci
Kamar yadda kuka sani, babban abincin Netherlands shine abincin dare. Mafi kyawun gidan cin abinci na iya zama fanko a lokacin cin abincinmu da muka saba. Amma da yamma babu inda apple zata fadi. Da rana tsaka, mutanen Holland suna cin abincin dare da aka kawo daga gida ko siyan burgers, croquettes, cuku akuya da sandwiches salmon. Hakanan zaku bi sahu.
Tsakanin bincika abubuwan gani na Leiden, tafi Van der Werff akan Steenstraat 2 a Just Meet a kan Breestraat 18 ko Oudt Leyden a bankunan mashigar. Anan zaku sami hamburgers irin na Turai, steaks masu ƙarfi da kyakkyawan dafa kifi a farashin da ya dace.
Ga masu son cin abinci mai ban sha'awa, ziyarci Het Prentenkabinet a Kloksteeg 25 ko In den Doofpot a Turfmarkt 9. Suna ba da abubuwan sha'awa na gastronomic tare da asalin Dutch da Faransa kuma ana biyan su daidai.
Idan ba ku son canza abubuwan da kuke so a lokacin tafiyarku, za ku sami gidajen abinci da yawa na kayan abinci na ƙasa tare da bankunan Kogin Leiden: Girkanci, Sifen, Bahar Rum, Sinanci, Indonesiya da sauransu. Daga pizzerias muna ba da shawarar Fratelli, kuma daga gidajen cin abinci na China - Woo Ping akan Diefsteeg 13. A gidan cin abinci na Rhodos kuna iya cin abinci na Girka mai daɗi da tsada.
Kuma a ƙarshe, a nan ne Leiden babban gastronomic rai hack. Idan kun tsinci kanku a cikin gari ranar Asabar, to ku je kasuwar gari, wacce aka ambata a sama, don biyan yunwar ku. Trays na kyawawan soyayyen kifi da ƙanshin wainar da aka toya a koyaushe suna zana layukan 'yan yawon bude ido da na gari.
Yadda ake zuwa Leiden
Hanyar zuwa Leiden daga Rasha ta ratsa ɗayan tashar jirgin saman. Kuna iya tashi zuwa Schiphol, wanda ke tsakanin Amsterdam da Leiden, ko ku isa Eindhoven. Kuna iya zuwa birni daga filayen jirgin sama biyu ta jirgin ƙasa ko bas.
Canja wuri daga tashar jirgin sama ta taksi zai biya 100 ko 120 €. A wannan yanayin, za a same ku da alamar kuma za a kai ku inda kuka nufa. Amma ya isa kawai don zuwa Leiden da kanku.
Idan kun kasance a Schiphol, tafiyar jirgin ƙasa zata ɗauki ku mintuna 20 kuma zai ci 6 €. Idan kuna tafiya daga Amsterdam, lokacin tafiya shine minti 40, kuma farashin daga 9 zuwa 12 €. Tsakanin jiragen kasa yayin rana daga minti 3 zuwa 12 ne. Wasu 'yan yawon bude ido da ke zagaye da Netherlands sun fito ne daga cibiyar gudanarwa Masstricht (jirgin yana ɗaukar awanni 3 kuma farashin yana biyan 26 €) ko kuma daga babban birnin siyasa na Netherlands The Hague (minti 12 da 3.5 €).
Linesananan jiragen saman ƙasashe masu zuwa bayan Soviet bayan-lokaci suna zuwa Eindhoven. Don samun daga Eindhoven zuwa Leiden, kuna buƙatar canza jiragen ƙasa a Amsterdam. Jimlar lokacin tafiya zai kasance awa 1 da minti 40 kuma zaikai 20 €.
Idan kun yi tafiya a kusa da Netherlands ta mota, dole ne ku rufe kilomita 41 lokacin tafiya daga Amsterdam zuwa Leiden. Bi babbar hanyar A4 kuma bi alamun. Idan kun yi sa'a kuma babu cinkoson ababen hawa a hanyar fita daga garin, zaku isa wurin cikin minti 30. Idan bakayi sa'a ba - a cikin awa daya.
Farashin kan shafin don Mayu 2018.
Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din
Yadda zaka sayi tikitin jirgi da inganta farashin
Ana samun injunan tikiti na rawaya da shuɗi a duk tashoshin jirgin ƙasa a Holland kuma suna karɓar katunan biyan kuɗi. Idan kuna shirin ci gaba da tafiya cikin ƙasa ta bas ko jirgin ƙasa, zai fi kyau ku sayi katin tafiye-tafiye na duniya. Ana kiran su katin OV kuma ana siyar dasu a tashoshin jirgin ƙasa a cikin windows da tikiti masu tikiti kai tsaye. Wannan katin yana aiki tsawon shekara 5. Zai kiyaye ku daga siyan tikitin safara yayin zama a Netherlands. Kawai sanya adadi mai yawa akan katin kuma “cire” farashin tikiti daga gare ta, zuwa dandamali ta hanyar juyawa.
Abin da garin Leiden yayi kama da wannan bidiyo.