Yadda ake shuka balsam mai narkewa daidai? Wadanne cututtukan na iya zama da sifofin kulawa da shi
Ferrous balsam shine ɗayan wakilai masu cancanta na dangin balsamic da yawa.
Mutane suna kiran shuka Mara haƙuri, kuma a cikin yanayin al'adun fure na al'adu an tsara shi ne don ya girma a cikin sarari.
A cikin labarin zamuyi la'akari da sifofin wannan shuka, gano yadda ake dasa balsam mai ƙoshin lafiya daidai, yadda za'a kula dashi, ta yaya za'a yada shi.
Bayani
Balsam mai ƙayatarwa, ko a hanya mai sauƙi, Rashin haƙuri bako ne a cikin lambunanmu daga Afirka da Asiya. Shuka shukar mai kyau ce, tana shekara-shekara. Amma, lura, cewa wannan tsire-tsire mai guba ne, kuma bai dace da girma a cikin lambuna inda yara ke gudu da dabbobin gida suna tafiya ba.
Wannan nau'in shuka shine mafi girma a cikin dukkanin tsire-tsire na balsamic. Wannan tsire-tsire ne na daji, saboda haka ya dace kawai don noman lambu, kuma ba a nufin shi don noman cikin gida ba. Masu lambun da masu zanen shimfidar wuri suna son tsire-tsire da ƙarancin yanayi: balsam mai ƙayatarwa yana da kyau a cikin guda ɗaya da kuma a cikin rukunin shuka, zai iya yin ado kan iyakoki, rabatki, gadaje na filawa.
Mahimmanci! Irin wannan balsam din, ba kamar sauran takwarorinsa na kudu ba, ana samunsu a kasarmu a cikin daji. Asalinsa, a kowane hali, na kudu ne, amma wannan nau'in, ana haɓaka shi a lokaci ɗaya, ya sami damar yin tushe a cikin yanayin yanayinmu, kuma a tsawon lokaci, saboda haɓakar shuka kai, "gudu daji".
Shuke shuken daga Yuli zuwa farkon sanyi na farko.
Bayyanar
Shuka ta kai tsayin mita biyu: tushenta madaidaiciya ne, mai kauri, mai laushi. Ganyayyaki suna tazara a daidai nisa daga juna, a madadin, suna da kyalli mai haske, da santsi, da gefuna. Tsawon ganyen balsam na talakawa kusan 10 cm.
Balsam na Ferruginous yana da daraja a harkar lambu domin furanninta na ado. Launin fentin su na ruwan hoda ne - yana iya zama duka mai haske da haske, mai danshi. Abubuwan inflorescences kansu suna da girma ƙwarai, ana tattara su a goge na ado, wanda ya ƙara haɓaka tasirin shuka. Tsawon furen guda daya yakai kimanin 3-3.5 cm.
Lura da ƙamshi mai ƙanshi na wannan tsire-tsire, saboda godiyarsa ga ƙanshinsa cewa balsam mai daɗin jan hankali yana jan ƙwayoyin kwari da yawa, kuma shuke-shuke ne na ban mamaki.
Saukowa
Bari mu saba da abubuwan da aka kirkira na dasa wannan shukar mai ado, gano yadda za a zabi wurin da ya dace don balsam, yadda ake shuka shi.
Wuri da haske
Balsam na Ferruginous - tsire-tsire mai zafi: asalin sa na wurare masu zafi yana tasiri. Sabili da haka, lokacin da ake shuka shi daga tsaba, ana canja shuke-shuke zuwa wuri na dindindin kawai lokacin da barazanar dusar ƙanƙan dare ya ƙare gaba ɗaya.
Yanayin zafi na balsam yana iyakance damar amfani dashi a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri. A matsayin kayan ado na farko na lambun bazara, tabbas bai dace ba.
Nasiha! Idan kana shuka balsams da yawa a lokaci daya, ya kamata ka kiyaye tazarar kusan santimita 25 tsakanin dazuzzuka.Ya kamata a tuna cewa balbal mai girma yana da girma sosai.
Shuka na son haske mai kyau da isasshen ɗumi. Haskakken haske yana aiki mafi kyau, ba hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Yakamata a sami kariya daga gadon lambu inda aka dasa balsam daga iska da zayyana.
Shuka ba ta jure wa dasa shuki: balsam yana buƙatar isasshen sarari don ingantaccen girma da furanni. Bugu da kari, balsam yana tsotse abinci mai yawa daga cikin kasa, kuma tare da dasa shuki mai kauri, a sauƙaƙe babu isassun abubuwan alatu ga dukkan tsire-tsire. Idan har yanzu kuna bada izinin dasa shuki na shuka, gado tare da balsam zai zama mara nauyi, kuma furanni zai daina jim kadan bayan budaron ya bude.
Kasar gona
Kodayake balsam mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ba shi da buƙata sosai game da ƙasar, amma zai ji daɗi, ya yi girma kuma ya yi fure a ƙasa mai ni'ima. Ana ba da shawarar ƙara peat a cikin ƙasa don sanya ƙasa ta kasance mai gina jiki da sako-sako da. Yawancin lambu da yawa suna ƙara yashi kogi don yin kifin ya zama mai haske.
Asa mai tsami ba ta dace da balsam ba: ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance kusa da tsaka-tsakin acidity yadda zai yiwu. Ana ba da shawarar ƙara toka ko lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa idan ƙasa a gonar ta kasance mai yawan acidic. Mafi kyawun pH na aikin shine 5.5-6.3.
Don wannan tsire-tsire, halaye na gina jiki na ƙasa suna da mahimmanci. A cikin ƙasa mara kyau, shrub ɗin ba zai taɓa kaiwa ga girman girman mita biyu ba, kuma furanninta ba zai zama mai ado sosai ba.
Abubuwan kulawa
Bayan dasa shuki, dole ne a kula da shukar yadda yakamata don jin daɗin furanninta mai ban sha'awa na dogon lokaci. Yi la'akari da manyan abubuwan kulawa.
Shayarwa
Ba za a yarda da fari ba don balsam, saboda a irin wannan yanayi, ganye ya fara zubewa. Balsam yana buƙatar ruwa mai yawa: a lokacin rani, a lokacin zafi, yakamata ƙasa ta cikin lambun ta kasance koyaushe ta kasance mai danshi. Tsarin shayarwa na yau da kullun shine sau ɗaya a rana a cikin zafi kuma sau ɗaya a kowace kwana biyu a yanayin sanyi mai sanyi.
Hankali: karki bari kitsen ya bushe ta yadda balsam ba zai rasa tasirinsa na kwalliya ba.
Top miya
A lokacin girma mai aiki, balsam mai narkewa yana fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Sabili da haka, ciyar da wannan tsire-tsire wajibi ne: yakamata ayi amfani da ma'adinai kusan sau daya a kowane kwana goma.
Lokacin da buds fara fara, ciyarwa tare da mahaɗan nitrogenous ya kamata a dakatar. Gaskiyar ita ce nitrogen yana da sakamako mai kyau akan saurin ci gaban ganye, amma yana shafar fure mara kyau. Zai fi kyau a ciyar da balsam a lokacin fure tare da phosphorus da potassium.
Lokacin da kaka ta zo, dole ne a tsayar da saman ado. Tunda balsam mai ɗumi ne na shekara-shekara, babu ma'ana a yin ado bayan fure.
Cututtuka da kwari
Balsam na Ferruginous mai kyau na iya kamuwa da cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Gaba, zamuyi la'akari da wanne daga cikin barazanar da ke haifar da haɗari ga wannan shuka.
Amma mun lura nan da nan cewa babbar barazanar wannan fure ba ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi bane, amma ƙarancin zafin jiki a waje. Idan zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa + 5 digiri, har ma fiye da haka idan aƙalla sanyi na ɗan gajeren lokaci ya faru, balsam ba zai rayu ba.
Amma ga kwari masu cutarwa, mafi haɗari ga wannan shuka sune:
- miyar gizo-gizo;
- aphid;
- farin
Yakai kwari da magungunan kwari.
Matsaloli masu girma
Balsam na Ferruginous yana son kulawa mai kyau. Kuma idan babu irin wannan, zai iya amsawa ta mummunar hanya, ya rasa tasirin ado. Nan gaba, zamu gano menene matsaloli da zasu iya tasowa yayin shuka wannan tsiron, da abin da za ayi da waɗannan matsalolin.
Faduwa buds
Wannan hujja tana magana akan rashin danshi a cikin kasa ko iska. Don dakatar da aikin, zuba balsam a feshin iska a kusa da shi.
Shin, ba Bloom
Idan tsiron ya ƙi yin fure, dalilin yana iya yiwuwa saboda yawan takin mai magani nitrogen. Wani lokaci dalili yana kasancewa a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, ƙasa mai ƙaranci. Don magance halin da ake ciki, ya kamata a cire sinadarin nitrogen daga yin takin, sannan a sanya fifikon akan karin sinadarin potassium-phosphorus.
Faduwar ganye
Tare da wannan alamar, furen yana yin tasiri ga kowane lahani a cikin kulawa: rashin haske, zafi, ruwa, abubuwan gina jiki. Tare da tsufan halitta na ɗabi'a, ganyayenta suma sukan fado.
Herunƙasasshe
A wannan yanayin, dalilin na iya kasancewa duka yana da aminci kuma ya ƙunshi rashin ruwa, kuma ya zama mai mutuƙar, wanda ya kunshi tushen ruɓaɓɓe.
Sake haifuwa
Balsam na Ferruginous ana iya yada shi ta hanyar tsaba da yanke. Bari muyi la'akari da hanyoyin biyu.
Yankan
Godiya ga yiwuwar daskarewa, ana iya yin daddawa daga balsam na shekara-shekara (karanta game da menene balsam na shekara da shekara, karanta a nan). Wannan yana buƙatar:
A ƙarshen bazara, yanke yankewar itacen daga uwa.
- Bayan yankan, yankan ya samo asali ne daga yashi mai danshi, ruwa, ko kuma perlite mai laushi.
- Da zaran tushen suka bayyana, ana iya dasa shukar zuwa cikin ƙasa tare da daidaitattun ƙa'idodin samfurin samari.
- A cikin bazara, bayan barazanar sanyi ya wuce, an dasa balagaggun yankan zuwa gadon gonar.
Lura cewa za'a iya yin dasawa ba kawai a lokacin kaka ba, har ma a lokacin rani, ta amfani da sabbin tsirrai don ƙara yawan adadin shrubs akan shafin, da samun ƙarin ciyawa, kayan lambu masu ado.
Tsaba
- Don yada fure ta tsaba, ana shuka ƙarshen a ƙasa mai laima.
- Ya kamata a rufe akwatin tare da tsaba da filastik don ƙirƙirar yanayin yanayin yanayin da ya dace da su.
- Lokacin da tsirrai suka bayyana, dole ne a cire fim ɗin a hankali, a hankali yana taurare ƙwayoyin.
- Bayan sanyi a kan titi ya tsaya, ana dasa tsiro zuwa gadon lambu. Kwanaki na farko bayan dasawa, ana bada shawarar a rufe gado da tsare, don karbatar da tsire-tsire a kan titi ya fi kyau.
Abin sha'awa: tsire-tsire na iya hayayyafa daidai ta hanyar tsaba da kansa, samar da shi a kan lokaci ainihin kaurin balsam a shafin. Abin da ake kira zuriya iri ɗaya abu ne na yau da kullun ga wannan fure.
Kammalawa
Don haka, mun saba da sifofin haɓaka irin wannan tsire-tsire na lambun, don haka ƙyamar balsam. Wannan wakilin kudancin flora yana da matukar zafi., amma bai cika kulawa game da kulawa ba, don haka ba zai ba masanin lambu matsala ba. Amma furanninta na ado na iya kawo farin ciki mai yawa ga mai balsam da baƙinsa, masu wucewa na yau da kullun.