Nasihu kan furanni game da yada begonia ta hanyar yankan gida

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Ta yaya zaku sami sabon shuka begonia cikin sauri da tabbaci gwargwadon iko? Sake haifuwa ta hanyar yankan zai taimaka mana a wannan.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi la'akari da dukkan ayyukan a hankali, bincika kuskuren kuskure da fahimtar kanmu da ka'idojin kula da harbe-harbe.

Bayan karanta wannan kayan, zaku iya girma sabon begonia, kuma bin duk sharuɗɗan zai ba ku ingantaccen tsirrai mai ƙoshin lafiya.

Bayanin shuka

Begonia dukiya ce ta gaske ga mai sayad da furanni... Daga cikin jinsin ta, zaku iya samun shuke-shuke ko shuke-shuke masu shuke-shuke. Bambance-bambancen suna da fadi da yawa da wuya a iya bayyana begonia a matsayin tsiro daban.

Drop-shaped, rounded, elongated, similar to a maple leaf or heart, ganyen deciduous-ornamental begonia suna da ban mamaki a cikin sifofin su. Bugu da kari, suna da launuka iri-iri: ja, baki-ja, azurfa, mai kala-kala, tare da tsari mai rikitarwa, ruwan hoda-kore, purple da ruwan toka.

Kyakkyawan nau'in furannin begonias suna al'ajabi ba tare da ƙasa da iri-iri ba... A lokacin furannin, an rufe bishiyoyi da fure masu sauƙi da launuka masu kama da ruwan hoda. Yellow, white, cream, orange, red, pink, and purple petals za a iya samun su tsakanin nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan tsiron.

Magana. Tun daga karni na 17, ana amfani da wannan tsire-tsire a cikin gida da lambun furannin lambu. A dabi'a, akwai fiye da nau'ikan 1000, asalin ƙasar su ne Afirka, Asiya, Indiya.

Yadda ake yadawa - hanyoyi

Daga cikin irin wadatattun jinsin nan, hakika, duk mai son fure zai sami shukar da yake so, da alama ba ma guda ba. Saboda haka, la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka yadda zaka iya yada begonia a gida:

Tsaba dukkan furanni (kar a rude shi da furannin) jinsin suna hayayyafa. Tsarin yana da tsayi da rikitarwa. Abu ne mai yuwuwa don shuka da girma ɗakin begonia ta wannan hanyar, amma a matakin farko dole ne ku kula da shi kamar jariri.
Rarraba tubers Za'a iya yaduwar begonias na tuberous.
Yankakken ganye da gutsure-ganye... Haka ne, begonia yana da matukar saukin haifuwa, don haka koda yanki na ganye na iya samar da zuriya.
Kara yanka, ma'ana, hanyar dasawa, sananne ga duk masu shuka fure. Wannan hanyar tana ba da sakamako mai sauri, tare da fasaha mai sauƙi. Hanyar yaduwa mafi sauki da sauri, wacce ta dace da kusan kowane nau'in wannan shuka.

Janar dokoki don grafting

Toari ga umarnin mataki-mataki don aiwatarwa, akwai ƙa'idodi da halaye waɗanda dole ne a kula da su don samun kyakkyawan sakamako:

Yaushe kuma yaya ya fi kyau a yanke? Don samfuran cikin gida, mafi kyawun lokaci shine watan Maris. Shuke-shuke da aka dasa a cikin bazara suna haɓaka cikin jituwa tare da yanayin biorhythms. Idan begonia tana ciyar da bazara a waje, zaku iya yanke yankan a lokacin bazara.
Yanayin zafin jiki da ake buƙata don tushen nasara shine digiri 20-25. Wannan yana da mahimmanci; Tushen abu ne mai yiwuwa ya zama ba a cikin yanayi mai ɗumi ba.
Shima ɗumi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a aikin yankan. Sabili da haka, don tabbataccen sakamako, ana yin yankan a cikin wani karamin-greenhouse, kawai ta hanyar rufe su da jakar cellophane ko yanke kwalbar filastik. Kada yankan ya taɓa ganuwar greenhouse. Dole ne a cire masaukin kowace rana don samun iska.
Soilasa don rooting cuttings ya zama danshi mai haske da kuma numfashi. Zaka iya hada peat da perlite, ko peat da yashi.
Ba a buƙatar babban damar, saboda nan da nan bayan bayyanar ƙananan asashe, za a dasa shukar zuwa wurin zama na dindindin. Kofin roba na yau da kullun zai yi.
Wutar lantarki don yankan itace ya zama dole kamar na shuke-shuke masu girma. Sabili da haka, yayin lokacin rooting, yankan ya kamata su kasance cikin wuri mai haske.
Don yankan, ana amfani da cikakkun ƙoshin lafiya da ƙarfi sosai.

Horarwa

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa Yankan dole ne su bi ta cikin matakan shiri masu zuwa:

Tare da wuka mai kaifi, yanke ƙarshen harbin kimanin 10 cm a tsayi. Abun da ake buƙata shine kasancewar nodes 2-3 a kan maɓallin.
Cire ƙananan ganyen, barin ganye 4-5 kawai a saman.
An bar tsutsa na ɗan lokaci don bushe yanka. Da zarar yanayin da aka yanke ya bushe, zaka iya fara rooting.

Saukowa

Zuba cakulan perlite (yashi) da peat cikin kofin roba, zube shi, jira har sai an rarraba danshi daidai.
An tsoma dusar cikin ruwa, yana yiwuwa kuma ayi amfani da abubuwan kara kuzari irin su saiwa. Sannan suna manna shi cikin ƙasa ta hanyar 2-3 cm, ɗauka da sauƙi ƙasa tare da yatsunku.
Sannan a rufe akwatin da tulu, gilashi ko jaka. Sanya mini-greenhouse tare da shank a cikin wani wuri mai dumi da haske.

Yadda ake Tushen ruwa?

Idan da wani dalili, misali, mummunan ƙwarewa, kafewa a cikin ƙasa yana tsoratar da kai, to Begonia na iya samun tushe cikin ruwa.

Don rooting, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar akwati mai haske, zuba ruwa mai tsabta a ɗakunan zafin jiki a can, sanya yankan a ciki kuma jira. Theananan ɓangaren tushe kawai ya kasance cikin ruwa, amma ba ganye ba.
Kiyaye yankakken yankakken a wuri mai dumi da haske, kuma har ila yau kuna bukatar tabbatar da cewa basu fara ruɓewa ba. Ba lallai ba ne a sanya dunƙulen yanki a cikin gilashi ɗaya, yana da kyau kada su taɓa juna.
Da zaran tsiron ya ba da tushe 1-2 cm, ana buƙatar dasa shurin cikin ƙasa don zama na dindindin.

Majalisar. Kuna iya samun ƙasa don begonias a cikin shaguna na musamman, amma zaku iya shirya shi da kanku. Babban abu shine cewa yana da haske, mai amfani kuma yana da ɗan ƙaramin acidic ko tsaka tsaki.

Photo na Rooting tsari

Kalli hoton rooting begonia:

Me za a yi bayan?

Mahimmanci. Da zaran sabon ganye ya fara ɓarkewa a kan harbi, ana iya cire mafakar. Yanzu zaku iya dasa begonias zuwa mazauninsu na dindindin.

Bari muyi la'akari, wane yanayi dole ne a samar wa matashi:

Tukunya don tsire-tsire na matasa bai kamata ya zama babba ba; a matakin farko, 700-800 ml a cikin girma ya isa. Ya kamata a sami ramuka a kasan akwatin don zubar da ruwa mai yawa.
Ana sayar da ƙasar Begonia a cikin shaguna na musamman. Don shirye-shiryen kai na ƙasa, kana buƙatar ɗaukar sassan 2 na ƙasar sod da ɓangare na ganyen humus, yashi, peat (karanta ƙarin game da ƙasa mafi kyau duka don begonias nan).
A kasan tukunyar, dole ne a shimfida magudanan ruwa domin tushen shukar ba zai ruɓe ba.
Begonias suna son haske mai kyau. Koyaya, zafin rana mai tsananin zafi na iya ƙona ganyen begonia. Sabili da haka, a lokacin bazara, zai fi kyau sanya begonias akan tagogin gabas da yamma, ko a kan windowsill ɗin kanta, amma kusa da shi.
Yanayin ɗakin ya dace da begonias a cikin kewayon digiri 20-25; a lokacin hunturu, ana buƙatar yanayi mai sanyi, kewayon digiri 15-18.
Begonia tana buƙatar ɗimbin iska mai ƙarfi, amma ba za a iya fesa ta ba. Sabili da haka, don magance wannan matsalar, kuna buƙatar saka tukunyar a kan tasha a cikin tire tare da ruwa, ana iya amfani da pebbles a matsayin wurin tsayawa. Babban sharadin shine kasan tukunyar bai taba ruwa ba.
Ana buƙatar ruwa mai yalwa, amma bai kamata ku hau kan tushe da ganye ba. Kuna iya shayarwa ta cikin tire ta sanya tukunyar a cikin kwandon ruwa na tsawon minti 20-30. Dole ne a daidaita ruwa don ban ruwa kuma a cikin zafin jiki na ɗaki. A lokacin hunturu, ba a shayar da shayarwa, kuma ba a shayar da nau'ikan iri iri a cikin hunturu.
Top dressing with hadaddun takin zamani yana farawa daga farawa zuwa ƙarshen lokacin fure. Ba a buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki don nau'ikan furanni. Za a iya ciyar da bishiyoyin bishiyar bishiyar bishiyar bishiyoyi tare da takin mai magani idan an dasa shuki da rauni.
A lokacin bazara, kuna buƙatar dasa shukar a cikin wata babbar fili. Kuna iya yin hakan a wasu lokuta na shekara, idan asalinsu sun riga sun mamaye dukkan sararin da ke cikin tukunyar, kuma tsiron ya kasance matsattse. Bayan dasawa, ana sanya fure a wuri mai duhu na wasu kwanaki.
Ana aiwatar da samuwar daji, kamar sauran shuke-shuke. Tsunkule manyan harbe don samar da ƙarin waɗanda, cire cuta da raunana rassan, sun shuɗe buds. Babban abu ba shine wuce gona da iri ba, don shuka ba ta da damuwa sosai.

Matsaloli

Idan asalinsu bai bayyana ba fa?

Shaƙatar da yanke akan abin da yake cikin ruwa kuma canza shi zuwa ruwa mai tsabta. Zaka iya ƙara tushen tushen ruwa.
Idan tushen bai bayyana a cikin kasar ba, sai a duba idan kasar ta bushe, a rufe yankan domin samun danshi mai zafi.
Duba cewa ana bin duk yanayin tsarewar.
Canja hanyar jiƙa a ruwa zuwa rooting a cikin ƙasa da akasin haka.
Yourauki lokaci ka ba shuka lokaci. Idan asalin sun bayyana a cikin ruwa bayan sati daya da rabi, to a cikin ƙasa yana iya ɗaukar makonni 3-4.

Mene ne idan samari ba ya ci gaba?

Bincika idan duk an samar da yanayin furen.
Yi nazarin shuka don cututtuka ko kwari. Cututtuka na bayyana ne sakamakon kulawar da bata dace ba kuma ana basu magunguna na musamman. Ana iya cire kwari da hannu ko ta amfani da magungunan kwari na tsari.
Wataƙila an shuka ambaliyar kawai da ruwa. Idan tsiron yayi da gaske, yakamata a cire dunƙulen ƙasa a hankali a barshi ya bushe. Za ku iya maye gurbin ƙasa kuma ku yanke ruɓaɓɓen tushe. Sannan kana buƙatar mayar da begonia zuwa tukunya.
Idan ci gaba ya tsaya a lokacin sanyi, babu wani abin damuwa, tare da farkon lokacin bazara zai ci gaba da girma.
Don inganta lafiya, za a iya dasa bishiyar Begonia a waje lokacin bazara. Babban abu shine cewa an kiyaye wurin saukar jirgin daga iska mai karfi, shawa da rana mai zafi.

Kammalawa

Begonia abu ne mai sauki, duka cikin kulawa da haifuwa... Idan ba zato ba tsammani yankan ba su da tushe, kawai kuna buƙatar sake gwadawa. Irin wannan shuka mai fa'ida ya cancanci kulawa da kulawa. Ina fata cutarku ta Begonia tana da tushe mai ƙarfi!

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