Furen azalea na Indiya: kwatanci, hoto, kulawa

Indian azalea (indica) kyakkyawa ce ta al'adun daji, wanda yake ado ne bawai kawai na wani gida ba, harma da na gonar.

Babban zaɓi na nau'ikan da tabarau yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar kyawawan abubuwan ban mamaki da asali na fure akan gadon filawa.

Daga labarin zaku kara koyo game da azalea ta Indiya, kwatancen ta da tarihin abin da ya faru, ku ga yadda ta ke da kuma kananan halittun ta, ku karanta yadda za a kula sosai da kuma haifuwa.

Ma'ana

Azalea ta Indiya ta kasance daga jinsunan Rhododendrons... An fassara daga Girkanci, ana nufin "mahogany". Wannan sunan na tsire-tsire ya dace sosai, tunda kamanninta ƙaramin daji ne tare da inflorescences waɗanda suke kama da wardi.

Bayani

Indian azalea itaciya ce wacce ba ta da ƙyalli ko tsaba, tsayin ta ya kai 0.6-3 m. Ganye kanana ne, masu tsayi. Furanni na lebur ne ko na tubali mai siffa. Lissafi na iya zama mai kauri ko ruwan hoda, fari, ja da shunayya. A cikin sifa, suna da sauƙi, terry ko fringed.

Magana! Azalea an kasafta ta cikin farkon fure, tsakiyar furanni da ƙarshen fure.

Tarihin fitowar jinsunan Indiya

A karo na farko, an gabatar da Indiyawan Azalea zuwa China da Japan. A cikin Holland, furanni sun bayyana a cikin karni na 17, da zaran jiragen ruwan Asiya suka kawo su.

Menene bambanci daga sauran rhododendrons?

Babban bambanci tsakanin Indian Azalea a cikin sifofin fure... Lokacin aiki yana farawa a watan Disamba kuma yana ƙare a ƙarshen Mayu. Wannan gaskiyar ita ce za ta ba da izinin tsire-tsire ya zama ɗayan mashahurai a cikin masu lambu.

Biyan kuɗi tare da kwatanci da hoto

Mix

Ana sayar da wannan nau'in a ƙarƙashin sunan Azalea Mix. Tsirrai na finicky dangane da kulawa, kodayake wannan gaskiyar ba ta hana masu noman fure ba. Bishiyoyi suna girma. Tsayin tsakiyar harbi shine cm 50. Farantar ganye duhu ne mai duhu, ƙarami a cikin girma. Ana rarrabe harbe-harbe matasa da jan samartaka. Inflorescences na iya zama na launuka masu zuwa:

• ja;
• ruwan hoda;
• rawaya;
• fari;
• kirim

Launi na petals iri-iri ne, akwai miƙa mulki na tabarau da kuma nuna bambanci.

Mahimmanci! Don cakuda Azalea, madaidaicin yanayin ƙasa yana da mahimmanci. Don noman ta, ana amfani da ƙasa mai guba tare da haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta.

Bicolor

Wannan iri-iri shine ɗayan haske. A dabi'a, yana girma ne a cikin gandun daji masu sanyi a arewacin duniya... Tsayin daji shine 0.5 m, farantin ganye kore ne mai duhu. Abubuwan inflorescences suna da sauƙi, ruwan hoda mai matsakaici.

Fari

Ga masoya fararen kyawawan furanni, akwai wad'annan nau'ikan Azalea na Indiya:

• Shakuntala;
• Weiss Sheme;
• Apollo.

Girman furannin yana da girma, yakai diamita zuwa cm 7. Suna da nau'i biyu. Fetur ɗin farare ne tsarkakakke, kuma maƙogwaro yana da ƙananan hatsi kore.

Ja

Kuna iya girma da jan daji mai haske idan kuna amfani da nau'ikan Knut Erwen... Furannin suna da nau'i biyu, diamitarsu itace 6-6.5 cm, ganyayyakin kanana ne, masu launin kore mai launi.

Flamenco

Wannan nau'ikan shine ɗayan mafi yawan tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ya dace daidai cikin ciki na salo daban-daban. Ya banbanta a yanayin kyan gani na furanni da launuka masu haske. Yana furewa daga farkon kaka zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu. Launi daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda. Terry nau'in inflorescences.

Simsa

Kyakkyawan tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu da bazara. A wannan lokacin, an rufe daji da furanni farare, ruwan hoda, peach ko ja. Ganyayyaki masu duhu ne kore, oval. Suna kusan rufe bakin ciki mai tushe. Girman furen yana da cm 3-5. Manyan filayen su biyu ne, gefuna biyu ne ko tsagi.

Helmut

Wannan shine farkon Azalea... Ya banbanta a cikin launuka ja-shunayya biyu-biyu, tsayinsa yakai 6 cm.

Kowane iri na azalea yana da halaye irin nasa. Misali, Blumbux Micrantum yana tattare da haɓaka daidaitawa da ganyenta, idan aka goge, yana fitar da ƙamshi mai daɗin ƙanshi. Kuma wasu nau'ikan, kamar Satsuki da Kurume, ana iya yin su da DIY bonsai.

Bloom

Yaushe kuma yaya hakan ke faruwa?

Azalea ta Indiya tana da kyan gani saboda launin furanni masu furanni, gami da:

• ruwan hoda;
• Violet;
• fari;
• lilac;
• ja.

Furanni suna fitar da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, bayan sun taɓa shi sau ɗaya, ba zaku iya manta shi ba. Girman inflorescences ya kai cm 4-7. A ɗaya daji, furannin suna kusa da juna. Suna kirkirar wani nau'in "kwalliya", wanda ya kunshi launuka da yawa a cikin siffar mazurari. Bayyanar da su ya faru ne a kusan lokaci guda, saboda abin da aka rufe daji a zahiri tare da furanni masu haske da kyau.

Fure mai aiki yana farawa a watan Disamba kuma ya ƙare a watan Mayu... Kuna iya ƙayyade furannin da ke zuwa ta kumburarrun ƙwayoyin da suka hau kan mai tushe.

Yadda ake kulawa kafin da bayan?

Don furannin itacen shuke-shuke na Indiyawan Azalea, dole ne a yi aikin ƙwanƙwasa. Jigonsa shine cire samarin samari yayin fure. Idan ba a yi haka ba, to duk mahimmancin daji zai tafi ne don samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba ga furewar buds ba, amma ga sabbin harbe-harbe.

Nasiha! Bayan flowering, a hankali cire busassun buds.

Idan bai narke ba fa?

Dalilin da ya fi dacewa da rashin fure shi ne yawan zafin jiki, wanda ya hana burodi saiti. Rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara dacewa kuma zai iya shafar. Domin kara jin daɗin daji tare da wadataccen furanni mai haske, kuna buƙatar kawar da dalilin rashinsa kuma bin duk ƙa'idodin dokoki.

Umarnin-mataki-mataki don kiyaye fure

Zabar wuri don shuka

Don shuka, kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye yana da mahimmanci, tunda lokacin da aka fallasa su, furen zai mutu a farkon matakin ci gaba. Gilashin taga a gabas, yamma ko gefen arewa zai dace.... A lokacin furanni, yaduwar haske da sarari kyauta suna da mahimmanci, wanda za'a samar da yanayin inuwa mai ban sha'awa.

Menene ya kamata kasar gona?

Don kyakkyawan ci gaba da haɓaka tsire-tsire, ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance tare da furucin acid mai bayyana. Don dafa abinci, zaku iya ɗaukar abubuwa masu zuwa:

• ƙasar coniferous - sassa 2;
• peat - kashi 1;
• m yashi - 1 part.

Saukowa

Don dasa shuki, dole ne a sanya akwati da ramuka na magudanan ruwa. Fata mai fadi, amma ba zurfin ta dace ba.

Girman ba su da girma, yayin da azalea ke ci gaba a hankali. Sanya layin magudanan ruwa na ƙwanƙashin lãka ko ƙananan pebbles a ƙasan akwatin.

Lokacin dasa shuki, yana da mahimmanci adana ƙwallon ƙasa kamar yadda ya yiwu, wanda ke kare tsarin tushen rauni.

Zazzabi

Azalea yayin fure yana buƙatar bin takamaiman tsarin yanayin zafin jiki. A lokacin kaka da hunturu, adana furen a zazzabin digiri 15-18 a ma'aunin Celsius. Da zaran shuka ta shirya fure, sai a rage zafin jiki zuwa digiri 10-12. A lokacin bazara, dakin ya kamata ya dumama zuwa digiri 22 a ma'aunin Celsius.

Shayarwa

Don moisturizing, ana amfani da ruwa mai laushi mai laushi... Za a iya ƙara ruwan citric acid kaɗan don ciyar da tushen tushen Azalea. Kada a bar roƙon ƙasa ya bushe. A lokacin bazara, sanya tukunyar fure a cikin tire mai cike da ruwa mai tsafta. Wannan zai ba ku damar cimma matsakaicin ruwa na dogon lokaci.

Top miya

Wajibi ne don yin ciyarwa yayin tsawon girma da hutawa. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da superphosphate, potassium sulfite, ammonium nitrate.

Yankan

Yi shi bayan furanni don samar da kambi a cikin siffar itace ko daji. Cire tsayi mai tsayi da raunin ƙarfi yayin aikin yankan. Branchesaurare samari rani da rassan kaka, saboda wannan yana haɓaka yawan yalwar furanni.

Canja wurin

Dasa bishiyoyin matasa kowace shekara, kuma balagagge kowace shekara 2-3. Sabuwar tukunyar dole ne ta fi ta da girma... Don dasawa, ana amfani da hanyar kwanciyar hankali, sakamakon haka ya zama dole a adana tsohuwar dunkulen ƙasa.

Hanyoyin haifuwa

Tsaba

Ana yin shuki a cikin cakuda ƙasa mai guba. Don shirya shi, yi amfani da peat, itacen pine. Yayyafa tsaba a saman. Rufe su da polyethylene, sanya a wuri mai haske, tunda seedlings suna bayyana ne kawai tare da cikakken haske. Karatun zazzabi ya kamata ya zama digiri 18-24. Kafin tsiro su fito, ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai danshi koyaushe. Kuna iya ganin harbe na farko a cikin makonni 2-3.

A wannan lokacin, zaku iya cire polyethylene kuma ku rage yanayin zafi. Ruwa ya cika, amma ba mai yawa ba, don kada samari shuke-shuke da baƙin fata. Tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin hasken rana, shirya ƙarin haske har zuwa awanni 16-18. Lokacin da ganyen gaskiya na farko suka bayyana, dasa su.

Yankan

Bazara da bazara sun dace da yankan kayan shuka.:

1. Yankan ya kamata su kasance 5 zuwa 8 cm tsayi.
2. Na gaba, gudanar da jiyya tare da kara kuzari daga samuwar tushen da ci gaba.
3. Deepara zurfafa yankan 2 cm a cikin ƙasa mai guba. Ki rufe roba da ruwa.
4. Samun iska da fesa lokaci-lokaci.

Cikin wata daya, sai aka samu kaho mai kaho.

Ta rarraba daji

Gandun daji mai shekaru 3-4 ya dace da wannan hanyar kiwo. Raba shi kuma sanya sassan a cikin kwantena daban. Irin wannan magudi yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, tunda tushen Azalea yana da rauni.

Cututtuka da kwari

Karin kwari da suka fi yaduwa a Indiya sun kasance:

• tawadar ruwa;
• mealybug;
• whitefly;
• garkuwa;
• miyar gizo-gizo;
• aphid;
• ɓoyayyu.

Daga cututtuka, haɗarin shine:

• foda mai laushi;
• launin toka;
• fusarium;
• tsatsa.

Idan an sami irin wadannan matsalolin, ya kamata a yi maganin sinadarai. Zaku iya siyan su a cikin shago na musamman. Ana aiwatar da aiki a matakai biyu tare da tazarar kwanaki 7-10.

Rigakafin matsaloli daban-daban

Lokacin haɓaka Azalea ta Indiya, matsaloli masu zuwa suna yiwuwa:

1. Faduwar ganye... Ana iya kiyaye wannan ta hanyar shayar da ƙasa a kan kari, danshi da iska da guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye.
2. Brown tips on ganye... Ruwa kawai tare da ruwa mai laushi da taushi.
3. Fure mara kyau... Daidaita tsarin yanayin zafi.
4. Ganyen rawaya... Kada ayi amfani da ƙasa mai asidi don dasawa da dasawa.

Indian azalea al'adu ne na ado wanda zaku iya yin ado da baranda, loggia da filin lambu. Kulawa da tsire-tsire bashi da wahala, amma kuna buƙatar kusanci wannan al'amari sosai. Ya isa ayi kuskure daya kuma a lalata shuka.

Kalli bidiyon: Azalea, Camellia and Rhododendron Fertilizer by Fertilome - Quick Video Instructions by Chad Harris (Satumba 2024).