Dwarf rhododendron iri da ka'idoji don kula dasu

Dwarf siffofin rhododendrons masu ban mamaki - shimfidu masu haske - sutura masu danshi na fure sun ɗauki wuri na musamman a cikin ado na wuraren shakatawa da lambuna. Babban rukuni na shuke-shuke na dangin Heather sun haɗu ƙarƙashin babban sunan "Rhododendron".

Kusan dukkanin tsirrai na wannan jinsin ana rarrabe su da kyawawan furanni da shuke-shuke, suna jin daɗin ƙawancin ruwan hoda, fari, shunayya, purple da furanni ja da ke da siffofi da girma dabam dabam daga 3 zuwa 20 cm a diamita. Ana kiran rhododendrons na cikin gida azaleas.

Bayani a takaice

Dwarf rhododendron na dangin Heather ne na jinsi na Rodotamnus. Nau'in yanayi yana girma a cikin tsaunukan Alps, wanda aka samu a Jamus, Austria, Slovenia.

Cikakken bayanin

Dwarf rhododendron itace mai ƙarancin ƙarancin kurmi wanda ke girma a tsayi bai fi 50 - 60 cm girma ba. Kambin yana da yawa, mai kamannin matashin kai. Mai tushe yana da yawa, ya tashi, tagwaye kuma ya bazu a ƙasa. Ganyayyakin ƙananan ne, har zuwa tsawon 3 - 4 cm, kore mai duhu. Suna girma a madadin, suna da tsayi a sifa, wani lokacin suna dawowa - maɗaukaki. An rufe farantin ganye tare da gashi ko sikeli, ya dogara da ƙaramar aji.

Furannin suna da axillary, mai siffar kararrawa ko mai siffar calyx, karami, har zuwa 4 - 5 cm a diamita. An tattara inflorescences a cikin furanni 2 - 3, an dasa su da yawa. Launuka suna da bambanci sosai - lemun tsami mai laushi, ruwan hoda, rasberi, duhu ja. 'Ya'yan itacen sun yi girma a cikin kawunansu mai tsayi. Tushen falon ne, tsayinsa 30 - 40 a cikin babban daji.

Tarihin asali

Dwarf rhododendron nasa ne na ƙarshen Alpine a Gabas. Yankin su yana da iyaka, rashin alheri, nau'ikan halittu na mallakar tsire-tsire ne masu tsiro, iri-iri da yawa an jera su a cikin Littafin Ja.

Dwarf rhododendron shrub ne na kwalliya, tare da sa hannu a cikin kiwo na zamani, yawancin nau'ikan haɗin gwiwar kwanciyar hankali, fure Phyllodocea na dangin Heather, an yi kiwon su.

Menene bambanci daga sauran nau'ikan?

Babban bambanci tsakanin dwarf jinsin rhododendron shine cewa baƙon na mallakar masu ƙira ne, ma'ana, yana rayuwa a cikin yanayi a cikin alli, farar ƙasa, ƙasa alli a kan gangaren dutse. Wasu jinsunan sun sake furewa a watan Agusta - Satumba.

Varietiesananan iri-iri da hotunansu

Ludlovi Wren

Rhododendron ludlowii “Wren” itace mai ƙarancin tsire-tsire wanda kusan ake narkar dashi a ƙasa. Tsayin dwarf daji ya kai cm 20 - 30. Furen suna lemun tsami mai haske, matsakaici a cikin girma. Ganyayyaki suna da kore, ƙarami, oblong, har zuwa 2.5 - 3 cm a tsayi. Jirin sanyi ya zama matsakaici, amma tare da mafakar spruce yana jure sanyi da kyau.

Baden Baden

Shrub din yana rarrafe, bashi da girma, tsayinsa ya kai cm 50 - 60. Kambin yana da yawa, an rusa shi, kamar matashin kai, yayi sujada. Furannin suna kama da kararrawa, suna da shuɗi mai haske, suna sheki. Ganye matsakaici ne, mai tsawo, mai tsayi, launi mai duhu mai duhu, na iya zama mai duhu.

Tushen ba shi da zurfi, mai rauni, mai saurin lalacewa lokacin da yake kwance. Blooms da wuri, a cikin Mayu. Zai iya girma cikin cikakken rana da inuwa ta wani ɓangare. Matsakaicin juriya na sanyi, yana jure yanayin zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa -27 ºС

Krumlov

Gandun daji mai danshi ne, mai daddawa, dwarf. Yana girma har zuwa cm 50. Kambin yana da girma sosai, yana da faɗi, yana girma har zuwa 80 - 90 cm a diamita. Ganye ƙarami ne, faɗi, oblong, har zuwa tsawon 4 - 5 cm. Furannin suna lilac ne masu laushi, sun yi fure a tsakiyar watan Mayu.

Suna iya tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa - 26 ºС, idan har aka kiyaye wurin saukar jirgin daga iska, a inuwar da ta bazu ko a wurare masu haske tare da inuwa. Bred a cikin Czech Republic, mai suna bayan garin Krumlov - wurin haifuwa na m.

Amethyst

Gandun daji yana da keɓaɓɓen abu - kambi yana da girma ƙwarai, ana kiran shi mai yawan rhododendron. Evergreen dwarf shrub, baya girma rabin mita a cikin girma. An tattara furannin a cikin manyan maganganu, ƙarami a cikin girma, an dasa su sosai a kan mai tushe, suna yin kambi mai yawa. Shrub ɗin yana fure a ƙarshen Mayu tare da furanni mai shuɗi mai duhu tare da shuɗi mai shuɗi.

Ganye mai tsawo ne, matsakaici ne, tsayinsa yakai 2 - 3, ya zama faɗi, faɗin diamita - cm 2.5 - 3. Tsarin fasalin ganye yana da tsini a ɓangarorin biyu. Jirin sanyi ya zama matsakaici, har zuwa - 26 ºС. Ya fi son m inuwa da substrate mai arziki a cikin humus.

Elvira

Wani irin rarrafe na dwarf rhododendron, daji ya faɗaɗa tare da matattaran a tsawo na 40 - 50. Furen suna matsakaici, har zuwa 5 cm a diamita, mai siffar mazurari mai siffar, launin ja mai launi mai duhu tare da ɗigon duhu a tsakiyar fatar. Petals suna zagayawa, suna rawa.

Inflorescences - domes ana girbe har zuwa furanni 10. Ganyayyaki suna zagaye, har zuwa 4 - 6 cm a diamita.Gandun daji yana da tsayayya musamman fari. Bambance-bambancen suna da matukar sanyin sanyi, batun rufewa da laushi na substrate, zai iya jurewa har zuwa -30 ºС.

Bloom

Yaushe kuma yaya hakan ke faruwa?

Dwarf rhododendron Bloom yana da karimci, yalwa, yana faruwa a watan Mayu ko farkon farkon Yuni. Ya ɗauki makonni 3. Kambin yana da yawa, karami, kusan ba a ganuwa yayin fure. Yawancin iri na iya sake fure a ƙarshen watan Agusta da farkon Satumba.

Yanayin tsarewa

Dwarf rhododendron galibi ana dasa shi ne kafin da bayan fure. Yayin da ake yin nunannin buds, ya kamata a rage zafin jiki zuwa 10 - 12 ° C. Bayan fure, sai a sare harbe-harben karfi. Dole ne a yanke tsofaffin inflorescences nan da nan bayan an yi fure don fure a nan gaba.

Mene ne idan babu burodi?

Don yawan furanni da samuwar sabbin ƙwayoyi, kana buƙatar ciyar da daji tare da superphosphate. Hakanan ya kamata ku bincika cikin daji don fungi da kwari na lambu.

Yi amfani dashi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri

Ana amfani da dwarf rhododendrons don ƙirƙirar nunin faifai masu tsayi, gauraye lambu masu duwatsu - mixborders. Nau'o'in suna da kyau a cikin abubuwan da aka tsara tare da thujas, cypresses da sauran conifers.

Sauran nau'ikan rhododendrons ana amfani dasu ko'ina cikin zane mai faɗi, misali: Azurro, Fantastic, Francesca, Rasputin, Ledebura, Zolotisty, Daursky, Polarnacht, Schlippenbach da Katevbinsky. An bambanta su da launin su mai haske, siffofin ganye daban-daban kuma suna da lokacin furanni daban.

Kulawa

Zabar wurin da ya dace

Ga nau'ikan dwarf, mafi kyawun wurin shuka shine yankuna masu inuwa. Yana da kyau a shuka wadannan nau'ikan a kusa da allurai, karkashin inuwar da ta bazu, ana kiyaye furannin daga rana mai zafi da iska mai iska.

Menene ya kamata kasar gona?

Forasa don dwarf rhododendron ya zama sako-sako, an kafe, danshi, amma ba fadama ba. Da ake bukata substrate:

• sheetasar ƙasa - 3 hours;
• peat - 2 hours;
• coniferous zuriyar dabbobi - 1 hour;
• da takin mai magani - 60 - 70 g da 1 dasa rami.

Mahimmanci! Yana da kyawawa don ƙara sawdust, chernozem, ash zuwa substrate.

Saukowa

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka dwarf rhododendron shine farkon bazara. Tsarin sauka:

1. Tona rami mai zurfin 50 cm kuma faɗi 70 cm.
2. Sanya layin lambatu aƙalla kauri 20 cm.
3. Nisa tsakanin dazuzzuka ya kai 1.5 - 2 m.
4. Tushen yana zuba tare da abin wuya na tushen.
5. Ba a binne tushen ba; yana da tsayin 2 cm sama da matakin ƙasa.
6. Sanya Layer na ciyawa.
7. Shayar da seedling da yalwa.

Abun da ke ciki na ciyawa shine peat, needles, Layer har zuwa 6 cm.

Zazzabi

Nau'in iri-iri yana da tsayayyen sanyi, yana jure digon zafin jiki zuwa matsakaicin -25 ° C. Dwarf rhododendron ya fi son yanayi mai sanyi, mai ɗumi, yanayin mafi kyau shine 10 - 12 ° C.

Shayarwa

Shayar don dwarf rhododendron yana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa a cikin yanayin rani mai zafi da matsakaici a lokacin kaka. A cikin hunturu, an shayar da ruwa sau 2.

Ruwa ya zama:

• asirce;
• share
• kare;
• ruwan sama

Kowane daji yana amfani da ruwa har lita 10.

Hankali! Fesa da ciyawar kowace rana a lokacin bazara don kula da danshi da ake buƙata.

Top miya

Don dwarf rhododendron, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da takin gargajiya: ruɓaɓɓen taki ana narkar da shi cikin ruwa 1:15, ya kamata a nace maganin kwanaki da yawa. Haɗuwa mai ƙarfi - sau ɗaya a mako har zuwa ƙarshen bazara. Hada da watering. An ciyar da furanni tare da potassium da phosphorus, bayani: 8 g da lita 10 na ruwa.

A farkon bazara, zaku iya ciyar da takin zamani mai hadadden yanayi:

• ammonium sulfate - awanni 2;
• superphosphate - 1 tsp;
• potassium sulfate - 1 tsp;

Maganin yana diluted - 30 g na cakuda da daji.

Don samarin daji, an rage adadin takin da kashi 1.5 - 2.

Yankan

Pruning ne yake aikata kwanaki 20 bayan karshen flowering. Yankan tsohuwar harbe da rabi shima kyawawa ne.

Abubuwan da suka lalace, busassun ganye da furanni ana yanka su cikin lokaci.

Canja wurin

Ana aiwatar da dwarf rhododendron a farkon bazara ko a ƙarshen Satumba. Bushes galibi suna haƙuri da dasawa sosai, idan har an kiyaye tsohuwar coma ta ƙasa.

Yadda za a shirya don hunturu?

Zai fi kyau a rufe waɗannan nau'ikan tare da matsakaicin yanayin sanyi tare da burlap, rassan coniferous. Suna cire matsuguni a cikin bazara, a sassa, zai fi dacewa a ranar girgije.

Magana! Mulching kafin hunturu yana da mahimmanci don hana tushen daga daskarewa.

Sake haifuwa

Dwarf rhododendron a cikin furannin furannin gida yana tallata shi ta hanyar yankan:

1. A cikin bazara, an yanke cuttings tare da tsayin 8 cm.
2. Ana tsinke cuttings na awanni 24 a cikin wani bayani tare da mai tallata tushen ci gaban.
3. An dasa su a cikin wani shiri da aka yi da musamman na musamman zuwa zurfin 2 cm.
4. Seedlings dauki tushen sosai a hankali.
5. An dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa don bazara mai zuwa.
6. Matasa suna girma a cikin cellar.

Cututtuka da kwari

1. Attack fure da kuma lambu katantanwa... Kuna buƙatar tattara su ta hannu ku halakar da su.
2. Mizanin gizo-gizo yana lalata ganye da tushe. Don ƙananan rauni, fesawa da ruwan sabulu zai taimaka.
3. Daga rhododendron kwari da kwari, sikelin kwari lura da tushe da rassa tare da kayan gwari - karbofos ko thiram zai taimaka wajen kawar da su.
4. Sakala - kwalliyar fure gama gari. Fesawa da kowane irin magani zai taimaka anan.
5. Daga kwayar mosaic na ganye sarrafa kayan kwalliyar dawafi na kusa zai taimaka, rassan cuta da ganyayyaki suna buƙatar sare su.

Nasiha! Dole ne a maimaita maganin rigakafi game da kwari da cututtuka 3 - 4 sau kowane 8 - 10 kwanaki.

Rigakafin matsaloli daban-daban

Don kawar da tsatsa, fure mai laushi, chlorosis, launin toka da sauran fungi, ana buƙatar magani - shayarwa da feshi tare da kayan gwari. Kuna iya ciyar da furanni tare da potassium - takin mai magani.

Matsaloli na iya tashi daga dampness na kasar gona, mara kyau substrate, improperly amfani da takin mai magani ko fungi.

Dwarf rhododendron zaiyi kyau rufe gadajen furanni da yankuna tare da furannin sa kawai tare da kulawa mai kyau, wadataccen ruwa da danshi mai kyau.

Kalli bidiyon: How to Plant - Autumn Ivory Encore Azaleas (Yuni 2024).