Dutsen duwatsu na hamada a kan windowsill. Ire-iren fenestraria da komai game da abubuwan cikin gida
Fenestraria 'yar asalin hamada ce, inda tsire-tsire basu da sauƙin rayuwa. Ba wai kawai tana haɓaka cikin yashi mai zafi ba ne, amma kuma tana ba da furanni masu ban mamaki - furanni da duwatsu masu rai na hamada.
Nan gaba, zamu kara muku bayani game da wannan shuka dalla-dalla, wadanda suka hada da: wadanne nau'in ne ke wurin, hotunansu, yadda za a yada yaduwar su, dokokin kulawa a gida. Waɗanne cututtuka da kwari ya kamata a ji tsoron su da yadda za a magance su. Kuma har ila yau game da matsalolin da mai shuka zai iya samu yayin haɓaka shi.
Menene wannan tsiron?
Fenestraria wata kyakkyawar rayuwa ce ta dangin Aizov. Jinsin ya hada da nau'ikan 2 kawai - lemu mai kama da fenestraria. Furen na asalin Afirka ta Kudu ne, Namibia, kuma yana girma a cikin yanayin hamada mai zafi na Little Karoo da Namaqualand.
Shuke-shuke ba shi da girma, yawanci ana shuka shi a rukuni-rukuni, yana yin kambi mai yawa, mosaic, kambi mai kama da matashi mai ganye. Ganyayyaki suna zagayawa, kanana, har zuwa tsawon 2 - 3 cm, koren haske a launi.
An rage ganyayyaki a gindi. A saman, suna da hatimai masu ƙarfi - windows, har zuwa 0.5 cm a diamita, na inuwa mai haske. Haske ya shigo ta wadannan windows din. Galibi ana binne ƙananan ganye a cikin ƙasa.
Dangane da tsarin ganye tare da "windows", aikin photosynthesis bai dami ba; fenestraria ta wanzu a cikin yanayi mafi bushewa.
Roananan rosettes na ganye. Ofwanƙolin ganyayyaki suna da maƙarƙashiya, mai siffar triangular, an rufe shi da fim mai haske - fata. Bambancin girman fenestraria shine yana buya a cikin kasa, yana kare kara daga zafin rana da bushewa.
Peduncles ƙananan ne, har zuwa 5 cm a tsayi, jefa fure ɗaya a lokacin rani. Furannin farare ne ko rawaya rawaya, har zuwa 5-7cm a diamita.
Magana. Shuke yana da tauri, mai jure fari, yana dacewa da sabbin yanayi lokacin dasa shi.
Faya-fayan iri suna da aljihu da yawa - ƙwayoyin da tsaba ke yin bishiyar ɗayan lokaci ɗaya.
Da zaran ƙwayayen sun girma, murfin ƙwayoyin suna buɗewa, ana shuka ƙwayoyin ba da daɗewa ba. Tsaba suna da fa'ida musamman kuma ana iya amfani dasu tsawon shekaru 10.
Nau'ikan: kwatancen da hoto
Ropalophylla ko bobula
Nau'in iri-iri nasa ne na tsawon shekaru, nau'ikan succulent na shuke-shuke masu furanni masu ado. An bambanta nau'ikan Fenestraria Rhopallophylla da sirara, ɗan ƙaramin ganye, har zuwa 4 - 5 cm a tsayi.
Ganyayyakin an matse su a gindi, kuma saman kansu ana matse su, ganyayyakin suna kama da kulab a cikin sura. Rosettes suna haɗa ganye cikin rukuni - farin ciki har zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Sama - windows suna fuskantar rana.
Furannin suna ƙananan, har zuwa 3 cm a diamita, kwatankwacin sura da tsari zuwa chamomile - fararen madaidaiciyar fure mai ƙyalli mai haske.
Orange ko zinariya
Sunan Latin shine Fenestraria Aurantica. Fenestraria ta lemu ta kasance tana da daddawa ga dangin Aizonov. Wannan nau'ikan ya fi kyau, ganyayyaki suna da yawa, a cikin sifofi, suna girma har zuwa 2 - 2.5 cm a tsayi. Ganye suna da yawa, an bambanta su da launin duwatsu masu launin toka.
A bayanin kula. Wannan nau'ikan ana kiransa Duwatsun Blooming a rayuwar yau da kullun.
Tushen ganye galibi galibi launin ja ne.
Fure-fure kansu da ruwan lemu mai haske ko launin rawaya mai launi, matsakaici a cikin girma, har zuwa 5 - 7 cm a diamita.
Kulawar gida
Hasken wuta
Ko da iri iri sun fi son hasken rana mai haske. Fenestraria cikakke da sauri ta sami tushe, tana haɓaka ne kawai lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye.
A lokacin hunturu, tare da ƙarancin haske da ɗan gajeren lokacin hasken rana, ana buƙatar ƙarin haske tare da fitilu na musamman.
Zazzabi
A cikin yanayin gida, furen ba ya son yanayin zafi mai yawa. Matsayi mai kyau don kiyaye fenestraria ana ɗaukarta 13 - 15 ºС. Bambance-bambancen ba kwata-kwata ba ne, a lokacin sanyi ana bukatar kulawa ta musamman da tallafi, fure ta shiga cikin halin kwana.
Mahimmanci! tsire-tsire ba ya jurewa saukad da kaifi a cikin zafin jiki, saukad da, yanayin da ke ƙasa da 10 - 12 ºС ba a yarda da shi ba.
Wuri
Furen yana son wurare masu haske sosai. Zaka iya girka tukwane a kudu da kudu maso gabas na gidan. A cikin inuwa da wurare masu inuwa, furen yana bushewa ya mutu. A lokacin bazara, zaku iya girka tukwane a buɗe verandas da baranda.
Ba a ba da shawarar dasa furen a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Shayarwa
Watering ya zama matsakaici. Galibi ana shayar da ruwa a ƙananan ƙananan allurai, bai kamata ruwa ya faɗi akan ganyen ba. Soilasa da ke kewaye da furen an jike. A cikin hunturu, furen ba a kusan shayar dashi ba, yayin da ganyayyakin na iya dan juyawa kadan. Ruwan ya zama a cikin zafin jiki na ɗaki.
Danshi mai iska
Don fenestraria, matsakaicin laimar iska ana ɗaukar shi mafi kyau duka, har zuwa 45 - 50%. Ba a ba da shawarar ƙaran iska ba., fatar farantin ganye ya zama sirara, fasa ya bayyana akan ganyen.
Ba a buƙatar ƙarin feshi, tsire-tsire ya fi son iska mai bushe.
Top miya
Fenestraria ta karɓi hadadden ciyarwa don wadatattun yara da cacti sosai. Ba a ba da shawarar takin gargajiya. Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire a yayin ci gaban aiki da ci gaban daji. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a ƙananan rabo, ƙaramin natsuwa, sau ɗaya a kowane sati 3-4.
Kasar gona
Idan aka ba ku ta zama, za ku iya shirya tukunya da kanku:
- Kogin yashi - 2 tsp
- Humus - 1 tsp
Soilasa ya kamata ya zama mai sauƙi kuma mara ƙarfi, ya zama an kwashe shi sosai.
Yankan
Fure mai lafiya galibi baya buƙatar yankan kai a kai. Lokacin dasawa, zaku iya yanke ganyen da ya girma a cikin mashin don ƙarin graft. Hakanan, idan akwai ruɓewa ko cututtukan fungal daga tushen, dole ne a sare ganyen da abin ya shafa.
Sake haifuwa
Yankan
Fenestraria ta haihu sosai a gida ta raba ganye daga babbar hanyar fita. Hanya an fi dacewa ayi bazara.
Fasali na tushen yankewa:
- Ana yanka yankan ganye, a inuwar suna bushewa tsawon awanni 3 - 4.
- Ana sarrafa cuts ɗin tare da murƙushe kwal.
- Yankan yankan sun shiga zurfin yashi.
- Yanayin zafin jikin yankan yakai 18 ° C.
- Bayan anfara, ana dasa dasa bishiyoyi zuwa dasa kwantena ta hanyar saukar dashi.
Tare da dasawa da aka shirya, zaka iya raba mafitar ganye da kyau tare da asalinsu.
Lura! Zai yiwu a rarrabe harbe kawai a cikin kurmin balagagge tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen sa da kuma tsiron rosette.
Rarraba kashi:
- Ana fitar da furar a hankali daga tukunyar.
- An cire tsohuwar ƙasa.
- Kowane ɓangaren da aka rabu ya kamata ya sami ganye 3-4 da wani ɓangare na rhizome.
- Sassan da aka rabu suna bushe a cikin inuwa na awanni 4 - 5.
- Ana dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai danshi kaɗan a cikin ƙananan kwantena dabam.
- An zurfafa shukokin zuwa matakin abin wuya na tushe.
- An shimfida saman magudanar ruwa daga kango a saman kifin.
- Tsirrai sun dasa a cikin makonni 2 zuwa 3.
Tsaba
Fenestria na iya yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba. Tsarin yana da tsayi, shuka shuka yana da wahala. Tsaba suna tsirowa ba bisa ka'ida ba, cikin tsari, suna tafiya ahankali. Ana amfani da abun da ke cikin ƙasa kamar lokacin dasawa - yashi, sako-sako da, haske, ɗan danshi kaɗan.
Tsarin shuka:
- An zuba farin 3 - 4 cm mai kauri a cikin kwantunan dasa.
- An jika substrate da kwalba mai fesawa.
- An rarraba tsaba a ko'ina kan farfajiyar, ba a matse su cikin ƙasa.
- Daga sama, ana yafa shuka da ƙasa ko yashi.
- An rufe tukwanen da murfin filastik mai haske.
- Ana nuna kwantena a cikin wuri mai duhu.
- Ana buƙatar moistening na matsakaici na amfanin gona na yau da kullun.
- Da zaran tsaba ta tsiro, sai a cire murfin.
Yadda ake ninka "duwatsu masu rai" da yadda za'a kula dasu ana iya samun su a cikin labarin daban.
Canja wurin
A bayanin kula. Furen baya buƙatar dasawa akai-akai, yawanci ana shuka manyan bishiyoyi sau 1 cikin shekaru 2 - 3.
Akan dasa dashi yawanci bayan fure. Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa ta musamman don succulents. Kuna iya yin saukakiyar ƙasa mai haɗawa:
- Gardenasa lambu na yau da kullun - 1 tsp
- Cikakken kwakwalwan bulo - 2 tsp
Za'a iya zaɓar tukunya don dasawa daga kowane abu, babban abu ba shi da girma da zurfi.
Tsarin dasawa:
- Ana cire fure a hankali daga tukunyar.
- An cire tsohuwar ƙasa daga tushen.
- An bincika tushen, an cire rashin lafiya da tafiyar matakai.
- Rhizome an wanke shi da ruwa, ya bushe na tsawon awanni 4 - 5 a cikin inuwa.
- Saplings yana zurfafawa zuwa matakin tushen abin wuya.
- Kasar gona ta dan jika.
- An zubo da dutsen da aka niƙe daga sama a kusa da abin wuya.
Ba a rufe gindin ganye da substrate.
Cututtuka da kwari
Fenestraria zai iya shafar mites na gizo-gizo, thrips da mealybugs. Ganyen ya fara bushewa kuma ya zama mai cike da launukan launuka masu launuka. Ana buƙatar jiyya na substrate da ganye kansu da magungunan kwari. Don hana cututtukan fungal, ruɓaɓɓen launin toka, bayyanar furen fulawa, ya kamata a kiyaye tsarin shayarwa mai matsakaici, musamman a lokacin sanyi.
Magana. Domin hana jiyya na bushes ya kamata a da za'ayi sau 2 a shekara - a cikin bazara da kaka.
Matsalolin abun ciki
Fenestraria bata jurewa yanayin zafi da iska mai ruwa da kuma matattarar ruwa. Tsarin ci gaba na tushen tushe da ganye suna haɓaka.
Dangane da dasa shuki mara kyau, zurfafa tushen abin wuya, rashin kasancewar babban rufin magudanar ruwa, shukar ba ta da tushe sai ta mutu.
Tare da wadataccen ruwa, rashin iska mai kyau a cikin ɗaki, iska mai iska, ganyayyaki suna kumbura, suna tsagewa, kuma suna fara ruɓewa. Idan babu wadatar danshi, saiwar sannu sannu a kashe, samuwar ganyayyaki ya rikice, ana jibge su a kan juna cikin yanayin hargitsi. Gandun daji ya rasa tasirinsa na ado da kyan gani. Ruwa mai tsabta ko ruwan sama ne kawai za a yi amfani da shi don ban ruwa.
Fenestraria baya sauƙaƙawa da yanayin gida, yana buƙatar matakan rigakafi, dasawa akan lokaci, kulawa akai akai da kulawa mai kyau.