Duk game da jan spathiphyllum: bayyanar, iri da umarnin mataki-mataki don kula da shuka
Spathiphyllum ja - kirkire - saye da sabbin ƙarni na masu saro furanni - fure mai kyau da haske.
Kyakkyawan ado na kusurwar zaune na kowace uwar gida, yana kawo haske ga walwala na gida.
Mene ne sirrin wannan furen, wanda kuma ake kira "farin cikin mata", kuma kuma me ya sa yake da ja da yadda za a kula da shi?
Janar Tanadi
Ma'ana
Sau da yawa a cikin shaguna da wuraren gandun daji zaka iya samun spathiphyllums ja ko ruwan hoda, wanda ke jawo hankalin yawancin masoya ga furanni masu ban sha'awa. A gaskiya spathiphyllum ja - ƙirar zamani na masu kiwo... Wannan nau'in bai wanzu tsakanin nau'ikan halittu da na zamani ba.
Jan launi na shimfidar shimfidar furen spathiphyllum sakamakon sakamakon tabo sinadarai tare da zane na musamman na furen ɗaki na cikin gida. An yi wa fenti allurar roba-ciki a cikin mahaifa spathiphyllum. A yanayi, furanni na iya zama fari ko kuma rarrabe ne kawai - greenish. Irin waɗannan abubuwan ƙirar kasuwanci sun zama gama-gari a masana'antar fure ta yau.
Spathiphyllum ja shine dangin Aroid... Homelandasar ta Kudu ita ce Kudancin Amurka ta Tsakiya, Philippines, Mexico, Brazil. A cikin yanayin yanayi, spathiphyllums suna girma a gabar koguna, tabkuna, a cikin gandun daji masu zafi. Nau'o'in gargajiya suna girma a Amurka ta tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, New Guinea da Philippines. Mahalli - gandun daji mai dausayi, bakin teku, koguna da kwaruruka.
Bayanin bayyana
Red Spathiphyllum yana da ƙayatarwa koyaushe. Tsayin furen balagagge shine cm 40 - 50. Ganye duhu ne mai duhu, kunkuntar, oblong, dan kadan wavy. A tsari, ganyayyakin na fata ne ko masu sheki, an nuna a saman. Basal rosette - an haɗa gungu daga ganyen basal, tushe, saboda haka, baya nan.
Petioles suna da tsayi, an raba su biyu. Flower - jirgin ya daɗe, an nuna shi a ƙarshen, mai lankwasa. Murfin fure ɗin babba ne, yana rufe inflorescence - kunnen rawaya rawaya ko launi mai tsami. Iya Bloom sau 2. Blooms a karon farko a watan Mayu, tsawon lokacin furanni - makonni 3 - 4... Sake sake fure a lokacin kaka ko hunturu. Tsaba suna santsi, ƙarami.
Iri-iri
Red antarium galibi ana kuskure ko wucewa azaman spathiphyllum; yawancin masu shuka suna ɗaukar shi a matsayin nau'in spathiphyllum na matasan. Amurkan Kudancin Amurka ana masa kallon mahaifar sa. Antarium na dangin Aroid ne, yana da sunan Namiji farin ciki. Ganyayyaki manya ne, kore mai haske, mai siffa ta zuciya. Bambancin wannan fure shine cewa ganyayyaki suna girma daga tushe. Rashin hasken shine mafi girman kunne, wanda yake kan bangon fure. Fassara a zahiri, sunan yana nufin fure - jela.
Hoto
A hoto zaku iya ganin yadda furen mace da ake kira spathiphyllum yake.
Tarihin kiwo
An gano Spathiphyllum daruruwan shekaru da suka gabata, a tsakiyar karni na 19. Wallis, masanin kimiyya ne wanda ke tafiya a Kudancin Amurka. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na farko akan zaɓi a cikin shekarun 60 - 70 na ƙarni na 20. Zuwa yau, yawancin nau'o'in matasan sun kasance bredmafi dacewa da yanayin rayuwa.
Kama da sauran launuka
Farin ciki na miji ko antarium furanni ne na kwalliya wanda yayi kama da spathiphyllum tare da jan furanni. Furewar antarium kwatankwacin tsarin furen spathiphyllum - mayafin shimfida iri ɗaya - ganye, yana narkar da fure a kunne. Kawai, sabanin spathiphyllum, antarium ya yi fure a cikin wadataccen, launi mai haske.
Umarni mataki-mataki
Kulawar gida
- Za'a iya zaɓar tukunya daga kowane abu. Zaka iya amfani da tubin kankare, gami da wadanda ka yi da kanka.
Nasiha! Tare da kowane dasawa, tukunyar ko sauran kwanton ya kamata ya fi cm 2 - 2 girma fiye da tukunyar dasa da ta gabata. Red Spathiphyllum baya son manyan tukwane.
- Wannan iri-iri baya jure hasken rana kai tsaye. Hasken wuta ya kamata ya zama mai haske, amma ba mai ƙarfi ba. A lokacin hunturu, ana haɗa fitilu na wucin gadi. Kuma a lokacin rani, idan an sanya tukwane a gefen kudu, ana buƙatar ƙarin inuwar taga.
Yana da mahimmanci a guji wurare tare da igiyar iska mai sanyi kai tsaye daga kwandishan ko fanke. Spathiphyllum ja yana tsoron zane.
- Shayarwa, matsakaici a cikin kaka da hunturu, amma ya tsananta a lokacin rani, musamman a lokacin zafi. Yanayin iska bai kamata ya wuce 30 -32 ° С. Fesawa, shafa ganyen tare da soso mai danshi zai rage zafin furen da 3 - 4 ° C. Furen shine thermophilic, mafi kyawun zafin jiki don ci gaban al'ada da haɓaka shine 18 - 22 ° C. Dropsarfin saukad da ƙarfi a cikin zafin jiki na iya tsokano cututtuka, spathiphyllum ja na iya dakatar da furanni.
Bayan shayarwa, ruwan da ke cikin kwanon ruwar bai kamata ya tsaya ba, wannan na iya haifar da ruɓewa daga tushen sa da ganyen sa.
- Wannan furen na wurare masu zafi baya buƙatar yankan musamman. Lokacin dasawa, yana da kyau a yanke matakai na gefe don kula da girman ganyayyaki da kyakkyawan furanni. Hakanan, bayan furannin jan spathiphyllum, ana ba da shawarar a yanka jijiyar zuwa asalin, don haka an sami sabon toho ba da daɗewa ba.
- Spathiphyllum ja yana buƙatar sassauƙa, ƙasa mai ƙarancin acidic. Fadama, kasa mai nauyi tana hallakarwa.
Kuna iya shirya hada tukunya da kanku:
- 2 hours sod da ƙasa mai ganye;
- 1 tsp peat mai tsami, yashi mai laushi;
- wasu gawayi wanda aka nika;
- kwakwalwan bulo;
- 2 - 3 granules na takin mai magani;
- guda daga itacen pine.
Tushen magudanar ruwa yana yin aikin numfashi, baya bada izinin ruwa.
Zai fi kyau ga masu noman novice su sayi matattara a cikin shago; cakuda ta duniya don aroid ko furannin wurare masu zafi ya dace da wannan nau'in.
Top miya
Spathiphyllum ja yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga hadi da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki... An hadu da fure a cikin bazara tare da takin mai ma'adinai - 1 - 2 g da lita 1 na ruwa. Ana ciyar da furanni matasa sau 1 cikin sati 2 - 3. Alurai ya zama masu rauni. Ya isa sa takin furen baligi sau ɗaya a wata. A lokacin hunturu, a huta, an rage adadin taki.
Hankali! Ana amfani da takin mai magani yayin fesawa - yana dacewa da kayan miya.
Takin nitrogen suna da amfani don shuke shuke a cikin daji. Don yawa da haske na furanni, an fi so da takin mai magani - a cikin rabo 1: 1. Kuna iya takin ƙasa tare da takin mai magani - diluted tsuntsaye, da dai sauransu.
Canja wurin
Spathiphyllum jan dasawa galibi ana aiwatar dashi bayan fure, bayan sati 2 - 3. Ana dasa bishiyar fure a kowace shekara sau 3 zuwa 4.
Hanyar canja wuri mafi aminci kuma mafi aminci shine hanyar canja wuri.
Tsarin dasawa:
- An shimfiɗa magudanan ruwa a ƙasa tare da murfin 2 cm.
- An cire fure a hankali tare da clod na ƙasa wanda aka jiƙa a baya.
- An dasa daji a cikin wata sabuwar tukunya, an cika guraben da wata cakuda ta musamman.
- Fyaɗe da spatula, an shayar da shi sosai.
- Don kwanaki 2 - 3, an daina ba da ruwa, ya isa ya fesa ganyen.
Sake haifuwa
A cikin greenhouses spathiphyllums za a iya yada ta hanyar shuka tsaba... Duk wata hanyar kiwo ana aiwatar da ita a bazara. Don samfurin jan spathiphyllum, hanyar haifuwa ta hanyar rarraba daji ya fi dacewa:
- A substrate yana da kyau soaked.
- An cire fure.
- Tushen ana tsabtace busassun da cututtukan da suka kamu.
- Wuraren yanka suna foda da gawayi.
- Ana yin rarrabuwa na daji kai tsaye - an raba hanyoyin.
- Kowane bangare na sabon shuka yakamata ya sami rotse 2 - 3 da lafiyayyen ɓangaren.
- An shimfiɗa magudanan ruwa a ƙasan.
- An saukar da tsire-tsire, an rufe shi da wani abu, an danƙa shi kaɗan.
- Ana buƙatar shayarwa.
Amfani da jan spathiphyllum galibi ana haɗa shi da dasawa - kowane bazara na farkon shekaru 5, to, idan ya cancanta, tare da ci gaban tushensa da yawa.
Kwari da cututtuka
Dole ne a kiyaye tsabtar fure don gujewa cututtuka. - kula da ruwa akai-akai a zazzabin ɗaki.
Ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya a gefuna a lokacin hunturu - alama ce cewa jan spathiphyllum ba shi da haske. Ko kuma, akasin haka, akwai konewa daga yawan haskoki kai tsaye - ana buƙatar canza wurin wurin tukwane.
Daga cikin kwari mafi yawan gaske, ana samun aphids da ƙananan kwari. Wanke ganyen da ruwan sabulu zai taimaka. Kula da ganyayyaki tare da maganin sabulu tare da ƙari na sulfot na nicotine zai taimaka rabu da mite gizo-gizo.
Don kowane magani kan cututtuka da kwari, kuna buƙatar rufe ƙasa a cikin tukunya tare da fim, bar ganyen da aka kula da shi tsawon awanni 12, sannan a kurkura tare da shawa. Ana maimaita aikin sau 2 - 3.
Red spathiphyllum ƙira ce ta mai sana'ar fure, ƙirar kirkirar shekarun zaɓe. Fa'idar sa ita ce, ba wai kawai suna amfani da ado da ƙari ne a cikin ciki ba, amma kuma suna aiki ne azaman tsarkakewar iska daga kumburin benzene da sauran mahaukatan cutarwa.