Californian, Mulberry, Comma da sauran nau'ikan sikelin kwari. Bayani da hoto

Sikelin kwari (lat. Diaspididae) kwari ne na dangin Hemiptera. Jikinsu an lullube saman tare da garkuwa, wanda za'a iya raba shi da jiki a sauƙaƙe, saboda haka sunan su.

Mafi yawan lokuta, sikelin kwari kwari ne na lambu waɗanda za a iya magance su, tunda harin su na iya haifar da mutuwar dukkan tsiron. A cikin labarin, zaku gano irin nau'ikan garkuwar da ke akwai, da kuma abin da garkuwar ƙarya take.

Bambancin jinsuna

Masana haraji na zamani sun haɗa da kusan nau'ikan 2400 na kwari iri-iri, waɗanda aka samo a kusan dukkanin nahiyoyi da sassan duniya, ban da Arctic da Antarctic. An fara bayanin dangin a cikin 1868 ta masanin ilimin tallan tallan Adolfo Targioni-Tozzetti.

Iri-iri: kwatanci da hoto

Kalifoniya

Mafi yawan kwari na mulkin mallaka, suna kai hari ga nau'ikan shuke-shuke daban-daban fiye da 150, gami da lambu, cikin gida da gandun daji. Mafi sau da yawa ana iya samun su akan apple da bishiyoyin pear, plums, cherries, peaches, acacia, willow farji da bushes bushes. Kwari sun bayyana dimorphism na jima'i.

Magana! Tsarin jima'i shine bambanci tsakanin mace da mace a cikin sifa.

• Mata suna da girman jiki kusan 1.3 mm, kuma diamita na garkuwar kusan zagaye 2 mm. Ba su da eriya da fuka-fuki, ƙafafu da idanu ba su nan. Launin garkuwar ya yi daidai da shukar da suke rayuwa a kanta (launi mai kariya), saboda haka yana da matukar wahala a lura da su da ido mara kyau. A tsakiyar garkuwar akwai fatun launuka masu launuka biyu wadanda ke kan iyaka da farin yadi. Jikin yana da launin lemun tsami.
• Maza suna da ingantattun eriya, kafafu da kuma fika-fikai biyu, idanu masu shunayya, amma babu kayan aikin baka. Jikin yana da tsayi 0.85 mm, launin ruwan kasa ko rawaya. Scutellum 1 mm tsawo da 0.5 mm fadi, haske toka ko launin ruwan kasa, tare da duhu mai ratsa duhu a tsakiyar.

Yana nufin keɓe wuraren aiki a yankin na Tarayyar Rasha.

Bidiyon ya faɗi game da ƙwarin kwarin Californian:

Mulberry (White plum)

Kwarin kwalliyar mulkin mallaka wanda ke kaiwa hari ba kawai 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu ba, har ma da wasu kayan lambu. Ana iya samun sa akan inabi, cherries, blackberries, quince, acacias, da kuma pumpkin, eggplants, da beets. Yawancin kwari a cikin mulkin mallaka suna haifar da mutuwar tsire-tsire.

Mahimmanci! A yankin Tarayyar Rasha, garkuwar mulberry tana cikin abubuwan keɓewa.

• Mata hana idanu, fukafukai da ƙafafu, marasa motsi. An lullube jikin da farin-launin toka, zagaye scutellum, 2-3 mm a diamita.
• Maza masu fika-fikai, girman jiki 0.7 mm, ana bambanta su da launin rawaya mai haske.

A cikin shekara guda, za a iya samun jirage 3-5 na maza don yin takin mata, kuma a kowane lokaci, mata na yin ƙwai 100-200. Irin wannan haihuwar zuriya yana da wuya a yaƙi kwaro.

Bidiyon ya faɗi game da garkuwar mulberry:

Comma apple

Wani kwaro mai yawan kayan lambu, tsire-tsire na gandun daji, shrubs. Mafi yawan lokuta yana shafar bishiyoyin da ake nomawa da noman daji, ana samun sa a pears, plums, quince, hawthorn, currants da mulberries, haka kuma akan wakilan dangin Rosaceae.

A kan bishiyoyin fruita fruitan itace, siffofin parthenogenetic galibi suna haɓaka, akan shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa da na gandun daji, bisexual. A lokacin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ƙarnin 1-2 na kwari suna haɓaka, wanda ke sauƙaƙe yaƙi da su. Eggswai ne kawai ke kwanciya a ƙarƙashin garkuwar matacciyar mace.

• Mata da garkuwar oblong mai tsawon 3-4 mm. Launin garkuwar ya dogara da bishiyar fodder kuma ya haɗu da baƙinsa. Jikin mace fari ne mai shayarwa, tsayinsa ya kai 0.6-0.9 mm a ƙananan kwari da kuma 1.3-1.5 mm a cikin manya. Antennae, fuka-fuki da idanu sun ɓace.
• Maza ja-launin toka, mai fuka-fuki, tsawon 0.5 mm. Tsaron shine rabin na mace.

Dabino (polyphagous na yanayin zafi)

Yawo iri-iri na asalin dabino suna da ban mamaki. Ana tsotse su zuwa ganye a gefen ƙananan, tare da ci gaban ƙauyukan da suke komawa zuwa babba.

An samo shi a kan bishiyar shayi, ɓaure, ayaba. Ya kasance daga nau'ikan wurare masu zafi da na ƙauyuka, amma kuma yana iya rayuwa a kan dabino a gida a cikin tsaunukan arewa.

• Mata lebur, m, scutellum fari-launin toka, kai 2,2 mm a diamita. An cire ƙafa, eriya da idanu, marasa fukafukai.
• Maza fuka-fukai, launin garkuwa - rawaya.

Pear-dimbin yawa (Rawaya pear)

Yana shafar galibi bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace - apple da pear, ƙasa da sau - quince, ceri, plum.

Lokacin da aka kai hari kan bishiya, ana lura da tabo mai launin ja-shunayya akan 'ya'yan itacen, wanda zai ba ku damar gano kwaro daidai.

• Mata basu da eriya, kafafu, idanu da fikafikai. Jiki yana da siffa irin na pear, ruwan lemon zaki. Scutellum yana zagaye, launi ya dogara da bishiyar abincin - launin ruwan kasa, ja-kasa-kasa, wani lokacin baƙi. Diamita - 2-3 mm. Haihuwar mace shine qwai 75-100 a kowace shekara.
• Maza fukafukai, jiki duhu rawaya. An hana kayan aiki na baka. Scutellum kala ne, yayi daidai da na mata.

Orange (Zanen lemo)

Tropical da subtropical tartsatsi nau'in. Yana shafar shuke-shuken citrus da yawa, waɗanda aka samo akan orchids da zaituni.

• Mata babu fukafukai, ƙafafu da eriya, da idanu. Jiki yana zagaye, diamita 1.3-1.6. Scutellum yana zagaye, 2 mm a diamita; yana jeri cikin launi daga ja-launin ruwan kasa zuwa baki dangane da shuke-shuke. A gefunan garkuwar, launi yana da toka toka.
• A cikin maza scutellum ya fi sauƙi, yana da siffa mai fasali. Kamar sauran kwari masu yawa, maza suna da fikafikai.

Launin lemo (Red Orange)

Nau'in wurare masu zafi da na ƙabila wanda aka samo a duk duniya. Kai hari shuke-shuke masu alaƙa da 'ya'yan itacen citrus (lemons, lemu); daga cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire akwai bishiyoyin Japan, zaituni, inabi.

Yana haifar da saurin ganye da mutuwar duk tsiron.

• Mata zagaye ko m, tare da zagaye garkuwa. Jiki ya auna 1-1.5 mm. Garkuwa 2 mm a diamita, ja-launin ruwan kasa ko ja-rawaya.
• Maza karami, tsawonsa ya kai kimanin mm 1, fukafukai, garkuwar oval rawaya. Tsawancin rayuwar maza 6 ne.

Insectsananan kwari na lemu suna ba ƙarni 6-8 a shekara guda, dangane da yanayin yanayi.

Pine (Pine na kowa)

Yana shafar bishiyun coniferous - pine, spruce, itacen al'ul, larch, narkewa, yana haifar da allurai da rassa sun faɗi, tare da manyan yankuna - mutuwar dukan tsiron. Rarraba ko'ina.

Wuya a kawar da shi, saboda sun ɓoye a ƙarƙashin haushi da kan allurai.

• Mata karami, 1 mm a tsayi, scutellum roundish grayish, dan fadada zuwa karshen na baya. A diamita na garkuwa ne 1.5-2 mm.
• Maza karamin fuka-fukai, mai launi mai launi fiye da mata.

Sauran

1. Sikelin sikitsi - yana shafar cactus tsire-tsire, musamman haɗari ga cacti na cikin gida.
2. Garkuwan Bay.
3. Oleander sikelin kwari.
4. Sivy sikelin
5. Garkuwan ruwan hoda, da dai sauransu.

Garkuwar ƙarya - menene wannan?

Garkuwan karya suna cikin yanki guda kamar garkuwar, amma wakilai ne na dangi daban. Akwai kusan nau'in 1,100 daga cikinsu. Sun bambanta cikin girman - daga 3 zuwa 7-8 mm a diamita ko tsayi.

Garkuwa ta karya ba ta da garkuwa; ana kwaikwayon ta ne da busasshiyar fatar mace bayan zoben, wanda ba ya haifar da kumburi kuma ya kasance madaidaici. Hakanan qarya ba ta da kwarin gwal. Bugu da kari, ba sa sakin madogara, m sirri.

Bidiyon yayi bayani game da garkuwar karya:

Scabbards kusan kusan ko'ina kuma suna da kwari mai yawa na tsire-tsire da yawa. Lokacin sake saiti, yankuna na iya lalata shuka. Suna da haɗari ta yadda za'a iya tura su ta hanyar yankewa ko kuma das hi, tunda kwari sun ɓuya a ƙarƙashin haushi kuma yana da matukar wahala a lura dasu. Babban bambancin jinsin da yawan haihuwa na haifar da yaki da kwaro.

Kalli bidiyon: Yaku Matan Aure,Yaku Mazan Aure,Masuyan Zina Guji Tsoron Allah Kudena,Daga Bakin Ustaz Abubakar Sali (Satumba 2024).