Yadda ake tsabtace ruwa daga datti da abubuwa da aka narkar da shi
Halinmu na rashin kulawa game da ruwan sha yana tilastawa gabobin ciki su zama kawai katangar kariya daga manyan cututtuka. Amma jikin mutum baya iya jure duk wasu abubuwa masu cutarwa wadanda ake iya samu a cikin ruwa. Kamar kowane "kayan aiki" wanda ke ƙarƙashin kaya masu nauyi, wannan matattara ta ƙasa zata gaza nan ba da jimawa ba.
Sakamakon ayyukan noma da masana'antu na aiki ana ƙara su ga asalin abubuwan gurɓataccen ruwa. Kuma hatta sarrafa ruwan da aka samar ta ayyukan birni yayi nesa da kuskure a cikin aikin aiwatarwa. Sakamakon lalacewa da yagewar kayan aiki, amfani da tsofaffin fasahohi, take hakki yayin aiki, shan ruwan famfo yana da hadari. Ya rage don kansa kula da ingancinta - wato, tsabtace shi a gida tare da ko ba tare da matatun musamman ba.
Shiri da kiyayewa
Tsarin tsaftacewa da aka yi ba daidai ba zai iya kaskantar da ingancin ruwa. Zaka iya kauce wa irin waɗannan halaye ta bin dokoki da yawa.
MUHIMMANCI! Lokacin zabar hanyar tsarkakewa ko hadewarta, ya zama dole ayi bincike game da ruwan. Hanyar tsaftacewa ta ƙayyade ta nau'in gurɓataccen yanayi da haɗuwarsa.
Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da illolin hanyoyin da aka zaɓa ba watsi da matakan rage tasirinsu ba. Dole ne a aiwatar da dabarar tsaftacewa cikin tsayayye daidai da umarnin.
Idan ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don daidaita inganci, kafin girka shi, kuna buƙatar fahimtar kanku da fasalin aiki - bukatun kiyayewa, sauya abubuwan maye gurbin, ƙayyadaddun yanayin yanayin aiki.
Iri gurbataccen ruwa
Ruwa na iya ƙunsar nau'ikan ƙazanta har zuwa 4,000 waɗanda ke da lahani ga inganci. Daga cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan gurbataccen ruwa akwai masu zuwa.
Rashin tsabta
Su dakatarwa ne na manyan, ƙwayoyin da ba su narkewa na tsatsa, yashi, raƙumi, yumɓu. A cikin ruwan famfo, ana samun tsatsa saboda tsofaffin bututun ruwa. Wannan ruwan bai dace da abinci ba kuma ya toshe bututun mai da masu hadawa, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar kayan aikin famfo.
HANKALI! Ana iya tantance wanzuwar irin wannan cutar ta gani - ruwan yana da girgije, an dakatar da al'amarin ta datti mai laushi ko tarawa a saman.
Chlorine da mahaɗansa
Ana sanya sinadarin Chlorine a cikin ruwan famfo a matsayin abin kashe kwayoyin cuta. Wannan abu yana da ƙarfin haɓaka rashin lafiyan, zai iya haifar da fushin ƙwayoyin mucous da fata, yana shafar tasirin metabolism, tsarin garkuwar jiki, da microflora na hanji. Zai iya haifar da kumburin koda da ciwon daji.
HANKALI! Ruwa mai dauke da babban sinadarin chlorine ana iya rarrabe shi da takamammen warinsa.
Calcium da magnesium salts
Babban gishirin da ke ciki ya sanya ruwan "tauri". Shan wannan ruwan yana kara barazanar dutsen koda, kuma yawan magnesium na iya shafar mummunan tsarin. Ruwan wuya yana da illa ga gashi da fata.
HANKALI! Ana sanya gishiri a matsayin farin shafawa akan kwano da bututu, wanda ke haifar da lalata bututun ruwa da kayan aikin gida.
Ironarfe
Ga lita ɗaya na ruwa, ƙimar ƙarfe ya kai 0.1-0.3 MG. Wuce wannan alamar yana sanya ruwan mai guba. Tsarin juyayi, rigakafi, haihuwa da tsarin narkewa kamar wahala. Hanta, kodan da kuma pancreas suna fama da cutar. Tsarin hematopoiesis da metabolism sun lalace, kuma halayen rashin lafiyan na iya faruwa. Hanyar cire gubobi ta rikice.
HANKALI! Ruwan "glandular" ba shi da ɗanɗano, inuwa rawaya ce, ƙanshin ƙarfe ne. Amma ƙarancin ƙarfe mai haɗari ga lafiyar bazai iya zama sananne ga azanci ba.
Manganese
Abun cikin manganese a cikin ruwan sha ya zama ƙasa da 0.1. Manganese na iya haifar da rikicewar jijiyoyi, cututtuka na tsarin hematopoietic da kwarangwal. Babban adadin abu yana rage karfin basira, kuma a cikin mata masu juna biyu yana iya haifar da rashin daidaito a cikin ci gaban hankali na tayin.
HANKALI! Ruwan ya kasance a bayyane, amma ana iya lura da yawan manganese ta bayyanar da digon baki a kan aikin famfo da kayan aikin da suka bayyana a kan lokaci.
Karfe mai nauyi
Gubar, chromium, tutiya, cadmium, nickel, mercury sune ƙarfe masu guba. Zasu iya tsokano cututtukan kasusuwa, atherosclerosis, hauhawar jini. Da alama ana samun gubar a cikin ruwan famfo. Gaskets da aka yi da wannan ƙarfe ana amfani da shi a tsofaffin bututun saboda ƙarfinsu.
Nitrates
An fahimci wannan sunan a matsayin adadin abubuwa - nitrates, pesticides, herbicides, nitrites, wanda ke haifar da karancin iskar oxygen a cikin ƙwayoyin jiki. Suna shiga cikin ruwan ne sakamakon ayyukan gona.
Orananan ƙwayoyin cuta
Ruwa na iya ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Suna haifar da cututtukan hanji, cututtukan ciki, ciwon hanta, cutar shan inna da sauran cututtuka.
Tebur: Hanyoyin magance gurbataccen ruwa
| Gurbataccen abu | Al'ada hanyar tsarkakewa | Tacewa don cire datti |
|---|---|---|
| Rashin tsabta |
| Tsabtace inji |
| Chlorine |
|
|
| Calcium da magnesium salts |
|
|
| Ironarfe |
|
|
| Manganese |
|
|
| Karfe mai nauyi |
|
|
| Nitrates |
|
|
| Orananan ƙwayoyin cuta |
|
|
Bayanin bidiyo
Hanyoyin gargajiya na tsaftacewa ba tare da masu tacewa ba
Mutane sun fahimci bukatar tsarkakewa da kashe kwayoyin cuta tun tuni. Zuwa yau, kwarewar ɗan adam ta tara hanyoyin ingantattu masu yawa na tsaftacewa a gida.
Tafasa
Babban zazzabi yana kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ana cire alli da gishirin magnesium a cikin wani daskararren laka wanda zai iya malalewa. Tsarin tafasa yana sakin abubuwa masu canzawa kamar chlorine.
- Kawo ruwan a tafasa.
- Tafasa na mintina 15 - 25 tare da buɗe murfin.
- To a barshi ya tsaya.
- Lambatu ba tare da taɓa ƙasan ƙasa da laka ba.
Daskarewa
Ana gudanar da tsaftacewa ta hanyar ƙazantar da ƙazamta daga ruwan da yake ƙera ƙarƙashin tasirin ƙananan zafin jiki. Koyaya, bayan an sami wani yanayi na ƙazamta a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa, za a haɗa su a cikin tsarin ƙirar ƙirar kankara a cikin sifar kawunansu. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci kada ku rasa lokacin lokacin da za'a iya raba ruwa mai tsafta.
- Sanya tukunyar ruwa a cikin injin daskarewa.
- Bar don 'yan sa'o'i.
- Lokacin da rabin ƙarar ya daskare, toka ragowar ruwan.
- Narke sauran kankara - ana iya amfani da wannan ruwan.
Riƙewa
Hanyar tana baka damar cire sinadarin chlorine da wasu abubuwa masu canzawa (misali, ammoniya) ta hanyar kumburin ciki, haka nan kuma wani ɓangare na sihiri gishirin da zai faɗi ƙasa a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi
- Zuba ruwa a cikin yumbu ko gilashin gilashi.
- Bar awanni 8.
- A cikin awanni 2 na farko, motsa tare da cokali: a wannan lokacin, chlorine zai ƙafe, motsawa zai hanzarta aikin.
- Sannan kar a taba ruwan na tsawon awa 6. Ana buƙatar wannan lokacin don daidaita sauran ƙazamta, saboda haka, ba shi yiwuwa a cakuɗa.
- Oƙarin rashin girgiza ruwan, zuba shi a cikin wani kwano, yana barin kusan rubu'in ruwa a ƙasan.
- Daskare ko tafasa.
Carbon aiki
Gawayi yana jan ƙwayoyin mahaɗan da gas da ke narkewa cikin ruwa, musamman chlorine. Akwai gawayi na musamman don tsaftacewa, amma zaka iya amfani da kantin magani da aka kunna gawayi.
- Kunsa allunan gawayi 4 a kowace lita a cikin cuku.
- Sanya a kasan tasa sannan a rufe shi da ruwa.
- Bar awanni 6-8.
- Ki tace ruwan ki tafasa.
Azurfa da tagulla
Copper da azurfa suna lalata microflora mai cutarwa cikin ruwa. Azurfa baya barin ƙwayoyin cuta su ci gaba daga baya (za a iya adana ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi da wannan ƙarfe na tsawon watanni), amma ana iya saka shi a cikin abinci.
- Don tsaftacewa da azurfa, zaka iya sanya cokali na azurfa a cikin akwatin da daddare.
- Don tsaftacewa tare da jan ƙarfe, ya isa riƙe ruwa tsawon awanni 4 a cikin kwandon jan ƙarfe (amma ba ƙari, don guje wa guba ta ƙarfe).
Shungite
Shungite ba kawai tsarkakewa ne daga chlorine, nitrates, microorganisms, manganese da baƙin ƙarfe ba, har ma yana cike da microelements masu amfani. Ana iya amfani da dutse ɗaya har tsawon watanni shida, kawai kuna buƙatar tsabtace shi daga laushi.
Umarni: takeauki giram 100 na shungite a cikin lita 1 na ruwa, a sanya shi tsawon kwanaki 3, sannan a tsoma saman Layer ba tare da shafi na ƙasa ba.
Silicon
Sarkar da sinadarin silicon, yana cire baƙin ƙarfe, mekurike da kuma sinadarin phosphorus a cikin layin kuma yana rage chlorine.
Ana amfani da siliki na baƙar fata, rayuwar sabis ɗin ba ta da iyaka (dole ne a tsabtace shi daga allon bayan kowane amfani).
- Kurkura silicon ɗin kuma saka shi a ƙasan gilashin gilashi da ruwa (lita 3 - gram 50).
- A bar kwanaki 3 zuwa 7 a wuri mai duhu.
- A hankali, ba tare da girgiza ba, lambatu da ruwan, ya bar santimita 5 na layin ƙasa.
Wasu hanyoyin
Ayyukan al'adu sun san wasu hanyoyi da yawa:
- Ma'adini. Ana aiwatar da shi kamar yadda ake tsarkakewa tare da shungite da silicon: ruwa tare da duwatsu ma'adini (200 g a kowace lita 3) ya kamata a shayar tsawon kwanaki 3. Za a iya haɗuwa da silicon. Wannan ma'adinan yana iya tsarkakewa daga karafa masu nauyi, chlorine, iron, manganese, aluminum, nitrates da pathogens.
- Gishirin dafa abinci. Cokali na gishiri, tsarma cikin lita biyu na ruwa kuma an ba da shi na rabin awa, yana cire ƙwayoyin cuta da mahaɗan ƙarfe masu nauyi. Amma wannan hanyar ba za a iya amfani da shi ci gaba ba.
- Masu tsabtace kayan lambu. 'Ya'yan bishiyoyi masu danshi, bishiyoyin juniper, ganyen magarya tsuntsaye, bawon willow da albasan albasa suna da kwayar cutar. Don yin wannan, kowane ɗayan abubuwan da aka lissafa, waɗanda aka wanke a baya, ana sanya su cikin ruwa na awowi 12 (ban da tokar dutsen - uku sun isa gare shi).
- Ruwan inabi. Zaka iya tsarkake ruwa daga microflora mai cutarwa ta hanyar hada bangarorin 2 da kashi 1 na giya da kuma ajiye shi na mintina 15.
- Magunguna. Don wannan dalili, iodine (3 saukad da lita 1), vinegar (1 teaspoon) da potassium permanganate (ruwan hoda mai haske). Bayan an hada da iodine da vinegar, za'a iya shan ruwan bayan awa 2.
Rashin dacewar hanyoyin mutane
| Hanyar tsaftacewa | Ba shi da amfani | Sakamakon sakamako |
|---|---|---|
| Tafasa |
|
|
| Daskarewa | - | Hakanan ana cire gishirin masu amfani daga ruwa. |
| Riƙewa |
| - |
| Tsarkakewa tare da carbon mai aiki |
| - |
| Tsarkakewa da azurfa da tagulla | Ba ya kawar da ƙazantar ƙazanta. | Azurfa da tagulla ƙarfe ne masu guba, hanya tana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. |
Bidiyon bidiyo
Kayan aiki na musamman don tsabtace ruwa
Ci gaban fasaha ya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ingantattun hanyoyin maganin ruwa. A halin yanzu, kayan aikin da aka yi amfani dasu don tsaftacewa sun haɗa da:
- Matatu na nau'uka daban-daban;
- Tasirin sunadarai akan ruwa;
- Tsarin jiki da sinadarai;
- Tsarin jiki;
- Hanyoyin halitta.
Hanyar tsaftacewa ta ƙayyade ta nau'in ƙazantar da za'a cire.
Tsarin tacewa
- Matakan tsaftace kayan inji. Ana amfani dasu don cire manyan ƙwayoyi daga ruwa kamar tsatsa, yashi, raƙumi da sauransu. Na'urar tacewa shinge ne mai cike da ruwa wanda yake riƙe barbashi mara tsabta. Wannan tsari ne na cikas da yawa - daga fuskokin tace abubuwa marasa kyau don manyan tarkace zuwa harsasan matatun mai kyau don barbashin da bai fi micron 5 girma ba. Ruwan yana tsarkake a matakai da yawa, don haka yana rage lodi a kan harsasan.
- Tatattarar rashi. Za a iya amfani da shi tare da injunan inji. Suna cire ƙazanta saboda abubuwan sha, masu amfani ga sinadarin chlorine da mahaɗan. Matsayi na kayan maye wanda ake bugawa da gawayi (daga harsashi), tasirinsa ya ninka na gawayi sau 4.
- Tsabtace lemar sararin samaniya (maganin sinadarai). An tsara shi don tsarkake ruwa daga ƙazantar ƙarfe da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (spores-resistant spores). Don aiki, ana amfani da dukiyar ozone don sakin iskar oxygen a lokacin bazuwar cikin ruwa, wanda ke lalata kazantar karfe. Daga nan suka daidaita kuma za'a iya cire su.
Na'urorin yanayin aikin jiki
- Wutar lantarki. Ana amfani dasu don cire ƙazantar ƙazantar da za'a iya sakawa - ƙarfe, manganese, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, gishirin ƙarfe masu nauyi. Da farko dai, ana amfani dasu don tsarkakewa daga ƙazantar baƙin ƙarfe - waɗannan matatun suna da tasiri koda a cikin manyan abubuwa, har zuwa 30 MG a kowace lita. Rashin kazamta suna yin kwalliya saboda bayyanar ions oxygen masu ƙarancin ruwa a cikin ruwa, wanda yawansa yake ƙaruwa yayin da ake wucewar wutar lantarki ta cikin ruwa. Ana saka abubuwa masu kumburi akan matatar.
- Jirgin iska. Ana amfani dasu don dalilai iri ɗaya, amma a wannan yanayin ruwan yana cike da iskar oxygen a wata hanyar - ana allurar ta da matsi.
- Matatun musayar Ion Ana amfani dasu don tsarkake ruwa mai ɗauke da ƙazaman ƙarfe - baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, manganese, potassium, da nitrates. Ruwa yana wucewa ta cikin wani abu mai ɗumbin roba wanda ke ɗauke da abubuwa waɗanda ke haɗa ion ƙarfe a kansu, suna cire su daga ruwan. Akwai na'urori waɗanda suke haɗuwa da ayyukan sihiri da musayar ion. A cikin na'urori na wannan nau'in, yawan shayarwa yana ƙunshe da cakuda ion-sauyawa beads beads da carbon absorbent.
Kayan aiki ta amfani da matakan jiki
- Baya osmosis Kusan dukkanin abubuwan da aka narke - baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium da gishiri masu gishiri, ƙarfe masu nauyi, da kuma nitrates da microorganisms - ana riƙe dasu. Matsayi na shingen yana wasa ta membrane tare da ƙananan ramuka, ta hanyar da ruwa ke motsawa cikin matsin lamba. Wadannan ramuka kanana ne wadanda ruwa da oxygen kawai zasu iya ratsawa ta cikinsu. An cire ƙazantar da aka cire daga membranes.
- Ultraviolet masu tacewa. Bayar da ruwa lokacin da aka nuna shi zuwa haskoki na ultraviolet.
- Shigarwa don nazarin halittu. Yana rage yawan baƙin ƙarfe, hydrogen sulfide da acid a cikin ruwa, saboda ikon wasu ƙwayoyin cuta su sha waɗannan abubuwa. Tacewar tana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta masu zuwa tare da hasken ultraviolet da kuma cire kayayyakin ɓarnar ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da tsarin ɓoye.
Nasihun Bidiyo
Tukwici da Gargadi
- Don ba ruwan ɗanɗano mai daɗi, yana da daraja ta amfani da daskarewa da tsarkakewa tare da carbon mai aiki da silicon.
- Amfani da kwal, kamar shungite, yana ba ku damar cire ƙanshi mara daɗi.
- Don shan ruwan da ba shi da amfani da microelements (narkewa, tsarkakewa ta hanyar juyawar osmosis), ƙara 100 ml na ruwan ma'adinai zuwa lita 1 na tsarkakakken ruwa.
- Shungite da azurfa zasu tabbatar da lafiyar ruwa.
Raunanan na'urori masu tsabta
- Baya shuke-shuke osmosis suna nuna kyakkyawan sakamako wajen cire ƙazamta, amma saboda takamaiman hanyar tsarkakewa, matatun membrane suna kawar da ba mahaɗan haɗari kawai ba, har ma da microelements masu amfani. Yawan amfani da ruwan da aka tsarkake ta wannan hanya na iya haifar da rashi na mahimman abubuwa a cikin jiki, sabili da haka, ya zama dole a yi amfani da girke-girke don haƙa ma'adinai tare da irin waɗannan matatun.
- Lokacin amfani da na'urar ozonation, tuna cewa tsarkakakken ruwa ba'a adana shi na dogon lokaci. Ozone da sauri yana lalata ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, amma ba ya daɗewa. Ozonation yana lalata mahaɗan kwayoyin, wanda ke haifar da kyakkyawan yanayi don ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Bayyanawa ga hasken ultraviolet yana lalata yanayin kwayar cutar a cikin ruwa, amma baya tsarkake shi daga ƙazantar salts, karafa, nitrates. Yana da kyau a hada matatun UV da na'urorin ozonizing.
- Tantancewar raɗaɗi, tara ƙwayoyin halitta, ƙirƙirar yanayi don ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta. Sabili da haka, lokacin amfani da su, ana buƙatar ƙarin tsarin disinfection.
- Matatun musayar Ion sun dace da tsabtace ruwa, yawan baƙin ƙarfe wanda ba ya wuce miligrams 5 kowace lita. Idan abun ƙarfe ya fi girma, ba zai samar da isasshen matakin tsarkakewa ba.
- A yayin aiki na tacewar musayar ion, manyan barbashi na ƙarfe mai iska zai toshe murfin a kan lokaci. Fim yana yin tsari a samansa, wanda shine asalin wuraren samun kwayoyin cuta. Wajibi ne a kaikaice a kurkura resin tare da maganin sodium chloride.
Rayuwar sabis na sassan maye
- A sabis rai na ion musayar tace resins ne 2-3 shekaru.
- Fatar membrane don juyawar ƙarancin osmosis ya zama mara amfani bayan watanni 18-36 na amfani.
- An tsara matatar gawayi na tsawon watanni 6-9.
Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na tsaftacewa suna sa ya yiwu a kawar da ƙazantar ƙazanta. Zaɓin hanya mafi kyau, la'akari da yanayin gurɓatarwa, ergonomics da tattalin arziƙin fasaha, zaku iya samarwa da gidanku tushen rayuwa, ruwa mai amfani da kiyaye lafiya.