Beautywarara kyakkyawa a gida: hoda gloxinia

Sinningia kyakkyawa ce, wacce aka fi sani da masu nunan furanni kamar gloxinia, tana karɓar kulawa mai yawa daga masoya shukar cikin gida tsawon shekaru da yawa. Ga yawancin masu noman fure, kaunar wannan al'ada ta faro ne tun suna yara tare da manyan kararrawa karammiski da aka cire a kan tagar windows. A waccan zamanin, kusan ba zai yuwu a sami gloxinia banda zurfin purple ko launin rasberi. A yau, masu shayarwa sun sami ɗaruruwan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki, nau'ikan siffofi da launuka, a shirye suke su girma kuma su yi fure da annashuwa a cikin yanayin cikin gida.

Gloxinia wani kayan lambu ne na kwalliya wanda za'a iya girma a gida. Daga cikin nau'ikan iri-iri, masu lambu sun bambanta ruwan hoda gloxinia. Abubuwan da yake da shi yana cikin kyakkyawar furanni mai ban sha'awa, wanda aka samu saboda ɗaukaka da launi mai haske na buds.

Tarihin asali

Wannan tsiron na dangin Gesneriev ne. An samo asali ne a cikin gandun daji na Brazil a cikin 1785. Gloxinia ana ɗaukarta asalin mahaifar Kudanci da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Wani masanin kimiyyar masanin kimiyya daga jami'ar Boston W. Sinning ya kirkiro wasu tsarrai da yawa, gami da na cikin gida - pink gloxinia. Sunan fure na biyu shine sinningia, wanda aka sanya mata shi don girmama masanin kimiyyar.

Hotuna da kwatancin jinsuna

A ƙasa zaku iya ganin hotuna da kwatancin nau'in shuka.

Hikaya

Wannan nau'in shuka ana rarrabe shi da manyan furanni masu ruwan hoda biyu. Tsakiyar petal muluzi ne, maƙogwaron yana da haske, an rufe shi da baƙin duhu.

Extravaganza

Wannan tsiron yana da manyan furanni guda biyu, gefen gefensa akwai iyaka mai haske lokaci daya, kuma a gefen gefunan petals akwai speck. Gilashin fure na Gloxinia masu launin ruwan hoda ne, gajere. Yayin da suke fure, buds suna ƙaruwa sosai.

Mafarki

Wannan wani nau'i ne na rabi-dada. Ya banbanta cikin furannin hoda mai haske mai ɗauke da wuyan haske da bututu mai tsaho. Don Mafarkin ruwan hoda, wadataccen furanni mai ɗorewa halayya ce.

Duba wasu labaran akan tashar mu don ƙarin koyo game da nau'ikan nau'ikan gloxinia, ka kuma ga hoton nau'ikan: Belaya Makhrovaya, Brokada, Yessenia, Shagane, Sonata, Kaiser Wilhelm da Friedrich, Krasnoyarye, matasan, Rosalinda.

Fasali:

Pink Gloxinia kyakkyawa ce mai tsire-tsire. Ya yi kauri mai tushe Tsawon su yakai 10 cm.4 an kafa nau'ikan ganye 4-6 akan bishiyoyi. Suna da akasi. Siffar tana da faɗi sosai, an ɗan haɗa shi a gindi. Tsawon ganyen yakai cm 15-20. Ganyen pink gloxinia an saukad da velvety.

Akwai launin azurfa tare da jijiyoyin, kuma gefen ciki launin ja ne. Furannin tsire-tsire suna da siffar kararrawa, suna velvety. Suna da doguwar tafiya. Girma gloxinia ba shi da wahala. Ba buƙata yake a kan ƙasa ba, kawai ya yawaita kuma ya yi fure na dogon lokaci.

Mahimmanci! Da kwari da cututtuka ba sa shafar shuka, kawai idan ba a bi ƙa'idodin farko na fasahar noma ba.

Dokokin sauka

Don aiwatar da ayyukan saukowa la'akari da shawarwari masu zuwa:

1. Tunda gloxinia yana tsoron yawan danshi a cikin kasa da kuma ruwa mai tsafta, to ya zama tilas a shimfida butar malala a kasan tankin. Kaurin ta ya kai cm 1-3. Duk ya dogara da girman tukunyar da kuma kayan kifin.
2. Idan aka samo tushen a kan tuber, to, a zurfafa musu. A lokacin dasa shuki, zurfafa shi da 2/3, barin saman sama da doron ƙasa tare da peck harbe.
3. Asa potting kusa da tuber, zuba a hankali. A lokaci guda, yi ƙoƙari kada ku faɗi akan ɓangaren sama da haɓaka, inda sprouts ke mai da hankali. Ba shi da yarda a rufe wannan yanki na tuber da ƙasa. Sai kawai bayan ƙafafun sun girma, yayyafa saman da ya rage a sama da ƙasa tare da sabon toho, daga ƙarshe daidaita farfajiyar.

Arin bidiyo na bayani kan batun "Yaya ake shuka gloxinia?":

Haske da wuri

Gloxinia rosea al'ada ce mai son haske. Don cikakkiyar ci gabanta, ana buƙatar haske mai yaduwa mai haske. Idan kun kiyaye shi a rana ta rani kai tsaye, to tabo-launin ruwan kasa-ƙasa suna yin ganye akan ganyen. Wadannan kunar rana ne.

Bukatun ƙasa

Za a iya amfani da ƙasa don ruwan hoda gloxinia a shirye-ta hanyar siyan matattarar "Violet" a cikin shagon. Kuna iya shirya hada tukunya ta hanyar haɗa abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin rabo 2: 1: 1:

• ƙasa mai ganye;
• ƙasar peat;
• yashi kogi.

Gloxinia suna buƙatar ƙasa sosai, kuma tabbas suna buƙatar magudanan ruwa. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana amfani da yumɓu mai yumɓu ko kumfa, zaku iya wanke kwan ƙwai da kyau kuma kuyi amfani dashi don waɗannan dalilai.

Kulawa

Zazzabi

Furen furanni mai ruwan hoda gloxinia ya fi son tsarin yanayin zafi mai matsakaici yayin lokacin aiki da lokacin hutu. Zafin jiki mafi kyau shine digiri na 15-17. Ajiye tubers yayin dormancy a zazzabi na digiri 10-12.

Shayarwa

Magana! Yayin girma da furanni, sanya danshi sosai. Amma yawan danshi na lalata shuka. Lokacin shayarwa, yi amfani da ruwan dumi da tsayayyen. Yana da mahimmanci kada ya faɗi akan ganye da furanni.

A ƙarshen watan Agusta, idan furanni ya ƙare, rage danshi, kuma a ƙarshen Satumba ya isa ya sha ruwa sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1.5. Shuka yana buƙatar ɗimbin yanayin sararin samaniya - 80-90%, amma ba zai jure feshi kai tsaye ba. Yi danshi a iska daga nisan 50-70 cm daga furen.

Top miya

Aiwatar da taki daga Afrilu kuma a gama shi a farkon watan Agusta. Aiwatar da suturar saman kowane mako. Yi amfani da takin zamani na musamman don amfanin gona. Ya kamata su haɗa da waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa:

• potassium;
• phosphorus;
• nitrogen (a cikin adadi kaɗan).

Zaka iya ƙara kwayoyin halitta, haɗuwa da shayarwa. Misali, mullein jiko diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1:10 zai zama mai kyau saman miya. Idan kayi girman shuka da nitrogen, wannan zai haifar da samuwar manyan ganyen kore da kananan furanni masu banƙyama.

Lokacin bacci

Bayan fure, shukar tana da lokacin hutawa. Tsawanta shine watanni 2 (daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu). Don shigar da fure cikin kwanciyar hankali cikin wannan jihar, ya zama dole a rage shayarwa daga Oktoba da bi da shawarwari masu zuwa:

1. Da zaran ɓangaren al'adun da ke sama ya bushe, cire shi, a hankali tono tubers ɗin, yanke matattu ko asalinsu.
2. Wanke tubers sosai a cikin ruwan sanyi, bushe kuma adana a cikin kwandon roba. Sanya shi a wuri mai duhu da sanyi.
3. Bayan watanni 3, sababbin harbe suka tsiro akan tubers. Yana da mahimmanci kar a rasa wannan lokacin, tun lokacin da suka bayyana, sake dasa tubers ɗin a cikin tukwane tare da substrate.

Danshi mai iska

Hankali! A lokacin furannin, ruwan hoda gloxinia ya fi son zafi mai yawa.

Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar sanya tukunyar a cikin akwati tare da gansakuka ko faɗaɗa yumɓu. Suna buƙatar a shayar da su akai-akai.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

Saboda rashin kiyaye ka'idoji don kula da tsire-tsire, cututtuka masu zuwa da kwari na iya buge shi:

1. Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki - wannan sakamakon shayarwa da ruwan sanyi.
2. Rawaya a kan ganyayyaki - wannan bushe ne ko iska mai ɗumi sosai, yawan abin yin taki.
3. Furannin toka a kan ganye da furanni - Wannan alama ce ta furotin fure ko tokawar toka. Ana iya magance matsalar ta hanyar daidaita shayarwa, cire sassan sassan shuka da suka lalace, da kuma bi da maganin fungic.
4. Idan babu furanni kuna buƙatar samar da tsire-tsire tare da isasshen haske, ƙara abubuwan gina jiki a ƙasa, tabbatar cewa akwai ƙaramin nitrogen.
5. Fata mai launi mai launi mai tsayi Shin rashin haske ne.

Daga cikin kwari, cututtukan da ke biyo baya sun shafi hoda gloxinia:

• miyar gizo-gizo;
• whitefly;
• garkuwa;
• kankuru.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Sake haifuwa da ruwan hoda gloxinia na faruwa ne ta hanyar yankan ganye, tubers da iri.

Yankan ganye

Tsarin kiwo kamar haka:

1. Yanke ɗan ganye tare da yanki daga tsiron furannin. Tsawonsa zai zama 1 cm.
2. Tushen yankan cikin cakuda yashi mai tsabta da peat (4: 0.5).
3. Rufe kullun tare da kwalba, cimma tsarin zazzabi na digiri 22-24.
4. Bayan kwanaki 18-20, ƙananan ƙanƙan duwatsu suna kafawa a ƙwanƙolin petiole.
5. Shuka yankan kaɗan a ƙananan kwantena (5-7 cm).

Bugu da ari, bidiyo mai amfani a kan taken "Sakin haifuwa na gloxinia ta hanyar yankan ganye":

Ta rarraba tuber

Tsarin yana kama da wannan:

1. Yi amfani kawai da tubers da suka girma.
2. Yi amfani da wuƙa mai kaifi don yanke tuber ɗin gunduwa gunduwa. Yi haka domin a sami toho 1-2 a kowane bangare.
3. Yayyafa wuraren da aka yanke tare da gurɓataccen carbon. Shuka kayan shuka a cikin kwantena daban a cikin danshi mai danshi.
4. Kada a jika ƙasa a farkon kwanaki 2-3 bayan dasa shuki.

Tsaba

Ana aiwatar da wannan tsarin kiwo bisa ga shirin mai zuwa:

1. A cikin Nuwamba-Fabrairu, shuka kayan shuka a cikin ƙananan kwantena. Cika su da substrate wanda ya kunshi abubuwa masu zuwa: ganyen ƙasa, kasar peat, yashi - 1: 1: 1.
2. Shuka tsaba ba mai kauri ba, karka zurfafa sosai a cikin ƙasa, amma ɗauka da sauƙi yayyafa su.
3. Sanya akwati tare da albarkatu a wuri mai haske. Tsarin zazzabi zai kasance digiri 24-26.
4. Fesa ƙasa a kai a kai kuma daidai da ruwan dumi. Ya kamata a fara tsammanin harbe na farko har tsawon kwanaki 12-14.
5. Da zaran an kafa ganye 2, dasa shukokin da nisan 2 cm daga juna.
6. Lokacin da ganye 3 suka bayyana, ƙara nisa tsakanin harbe zuwa 5-7 cm.
7. Da zaran shuke-shuke matasa sun taɓa juna da ganye, sa'annan ku dasa su a cikin tukwane 10-12 cm cikin girma.

Pink Gloxinia kyakkyawa ce mai kyan gani. Tsarin girma shi mai sauƙi ne kuma baya ɗaukar ƙoƙari sosai. Wannan yana ba masu damar fara karatu waɗanda basu da ƙwarewar aikin lambu yadda ya dace da kiwon Gloxinia.