Lobelia mara kyau: kwatanci, hoto na fure, dasa shuki da sifofin kulawa

Lobelia sananne ne a tsakanin masu lambu, masu lambu da kuma masoya shuke-shuke. Ba ta da son yin noma da kulawa, kuma tana faranta ido daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.

Yayi kyau sosai a kan gadajen furanni, tare da hanyoyin lambu, koramu na furanni. Yayi kyau don dasa shuki a cikin tukwane a kan baranda da gidajen rani.

Ana iya cakuda shi da sauran shuke-shuke na furanni ko kuma a dasa shi solo. A gaba, za mu ƙara gaya muku game da wannan tsiro mai haske: siffofin kulawa, wane irin ƙasa take so, da yadda ake shuka ta. Kuma har ila yau, game da cututtuka da kwari da ya kamata a ji tsoro.

Bayanin bayyana

Lobelia na cikin dangin bellflower... Lokacin furewa, yana kama da balan-balan mai ƙyalƙyali wanda ganye kusan ba a ganuwa a bayan furannin. Launuka sun bambanta dangane da nau'ikan, galibi a cikin tabarau masu yawa na shuɗi, fari, ja, shuɗi da shuɗi. Gandun daji kanta yana da karamin - kusan 20 cm a diamita, amma wasu nau'ikan sun kai mita daya da rabi a tsayi.

Magana. Lobelia asalin ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu ne, amma wannan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa suna yin kyau a yankunan arewacin Rasha.

Hoto

A ƙasa kuna iya ganin yadda furen lobelia yake a hoto:

Fasalin shuka

Lobelia za a iya dasa ta da tsaba ko yanke. Yawancin iri suna fure watanni 2.5 bayan dasa shuki.

Idan kana da phytolamp, to zaka iya shuka tsaba don shuki a ƙarshen Fabrairu. In ba haka ba, to ya fi kyau kada a yi hanzarin zuwa dasa shuki har zuwa tsakiyar Maris, in ba haka ba daji zai ci gaba a hankali, saboda rashin haske, zai miƙe zuwa sama kuma a nan gaba zai zama mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da damuwa yayin dasawa.

Kuna iya shuka tsaba a tsakiyar Afrilu a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.

Yadda za a zabi da shirya ƙasa?

Lobelia na son ƙasa mai gina jiki, mai jan danshi da kuma ƙasa mai haske. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce sayen ƙasa a cikin shaguna na musamman, wanda aka tanada don haɓaka furanni. Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne ƙasa ta kasance cikin cututtukan ciki tare da maganin fungicide ko ɗumi a cikin microwave.

Hanyoyin girma

Daga zuriya

Yadda ake shuka furanni ta amfani da tsaba kuma yaushe yakamata a shuka su? Hanya mafi mashahuri don shuka lobelia ita ce shuka shi da iri a gida a watan Maris, sannan a dasa shi a waje idan yayi dumi (waɗanne irin sun dace da dasa waje?).

Yawancin masoya tsire-tsire suna tsoron yin rikici da lobelia saboda ƙananan seedsan itace, ƙura. Koyaya, komai ba shi da wahala. Yanzu zaku iya sayan tsaba a cikin granules ko motsa yau da kullun, tsaba mai rahusa tare da yashi don sauƙaƙa aikin.

Lokacin zabar tsaba, kar a saya su daga shagunan da ba na musamman ba. Yi nazarin lakabi akan marufi kafin siyan. Dole ne ya ƙunshi cikakken sunan kamfanin aikin gona, alamar kasuwanci da bayanin lamba (adireshi, waya, faks, e-mail, gidan yanar gizon masana'anta).

Jaka dole ne ya sami cikakken hoto na nau'ikan lobelia, fasalin sa da shawarwarin saukowa. Kar a sayi tsaba wacce kwalliyar ta ke da ruwa, ko ta tsage, ko kuma ta naƙasasshe.

Lokacin da kuka zaɓi kyawawan iri, kuna buƙatar zaɓar akwati don dasawa. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da pallets masu lebur da aka yi da filastik ko polystyrene wanda dole ne a yi ramuka na magudanan ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da allunan peat.

Don dasa shuki, ban da ƙasa, iri da kwantena, ya zama dole a shirya sinadarin potassium mai laushi da fim ko jakar filastik don rufe tire iri.

Hanyar dasa shukokin lobelia kamar haka:

1. Zuba ƙasa da aka kashe da maganin fungicide ko mai zafi a cikin microwave a cikin kwandon shuka. Tamp ɗauka da sauƙi, moisturize sosai kuma bar awanni 24.
2. Ana iya yin shukar shuki ta hanyoyi da yawa:
   • Haɗa tsaba da yashi kuma yayyafa wannan cakuda daidai a ƙasa.
   • Yi amfani da tsaba a cikin granules. Granayan granule ɗaya ya ƙunshi tsaba 5-6, suna buƙatar shimfidawa a saman nesa da nisan 3-4 cm daga juna.
   • Yayyafa tsaba a kan takarda kuma ku taɓa tsaba tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen wasa. Hankali canja wurin ƙungiyar da aka kafa a cikin ƙasa, ajiye nesa na 3-4 cm daga juna.

   Hanyoyi na biyu da na uku sune mafi dacewa, tunda ɗaukar lobelia ba ya faruwa ɗaya bayan ɗaya, amma a cikin rukuni na 5-8.

   Lura! Kada a taɓa yayyafa tsaba da ƙasa, ba tare da la'akari da zaɓin hanyar shuka ba.

3. Yayyafa amfanin gona tare da rauni mai rauni, ruwan hoda mai ƙanshi na potassium permanganate sannan a rufe shi da abincin abinci ko jakar filastik. Ana iya amfani da gilashi.
4. Yayinda amfanin gona ke ƙarƙashin rufi, dole ne a buɗe shi lokaci-lokaci kuma ya kamata a ba da izinin aira 2-3an iska (sau 2-3 a rana na mintina 10-20) Kada a bar manyan ɗigon ruwan sanyi su taru a saman fim ɗin - digo da ke faɗuwa a ƙasa na iya nutsar da iri a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai hana shuka girma.

   Yaya tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka don ƙwaya? Sprouts ya bayyana bayan kwanaki 10-14. Kada ku bari su bushe, wannan na mutuwa ga tsiron da bai balaga ba. Zai fi kyau kada a shayar da samari da tsiro, amma a yi ban ruwa daga kwalbar fesawa don kar a lalata tushen tsarin. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ya sami ƙarfi kaɗan, a hankali za ku iya cire fim ɗin a hankali tsawon kwanaki da yawa.

5. Lokacin da farkon ganyayyaki ya fara bayyana, sai a yi tsince-tsince. Idan kun yi amfani da hanyar shuka ta rukuni, to a hankali ku kirkiri daji kuma ku dasa shi a cikin akwati dabam.

   Idan kuna shuka daidai, yayyafa tsaba da yashi, to zaku iya amfani da karamin cokali. Muna haƙa ƙananan rukunin tsire-tsire tare da shi kuma mu canja su zuwa wani akwati dabam.

6. Tuni shuke-shuke da suka balaga, zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu, idan babu barazanar sanyi a dare, ana iya dasa su dindindin a cikin tukwane, tukwane, kwanduna rataye ko buɗe ƙasa.

Nemo karin nuances game da dasa shuki don shuki, game da shuka kayan fasaha da ƙa'idodin kulawa a cikin wannan labarin.

Ta hanyar yankan

Lobelia ana iya girma ba kawai ta hanyar tsaba ba, har ma da yankan. Wannan hanya ce mai tattalin arziki don yaɗa shukar. Wani fa'idar kuma shine saukin wannan hanyar. Babu buƙatar yin rikici tare da ƙananan tsaba da nutsuwa.

Ana yanke yanka daga shuke-shuke baligi waɗanda suke girma a gida a lokacin sanyi. A lokacin bazara, kuna buƙatar motsa shukar a ɗaka. Idan an cire busassun inflorescences a cikin lokaci, lobelia na iya yin fure har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Sannan tsiron yana da lokaci na hutawa, a wannan lokacin yana buƙatar shayar ƙasa sau da yawa. A ƙarshen Fabrairu, harbe-harbe matasa sun bayyana a gindin daji. Za su zama sabbin launukanmu.

Kuna buƙatar zaɓar maɓuɓɓuka masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Lokacin da tushen farko ya bayyana a kan harbe, ana iya raba su da uwar shuka.

Shawarwarin. Don ingantaccen tushen shuke-shuke, ya zama dole a bi da tushen tare da shirin "Kornevin".

Hanya don haɓaka lobelia ta hanyar yankan:

1. Zaɓi kyawawan, harbe masu ƙarfi daga uwar shuka.
2. Haɗa tushen foda tare da gurɓataccen carbon a cikin rabo 1: 1. Tsoma Tushen cikin wannan hadin kafin a dasa.
3. Shuka cuttings a cikin tukwane, rufe da tsare. Kuna buƙatar fitar da tsire-tsire sau 2 a rana don minti 10-20. Lokacin da aka kafe shi sosai, a hankali za ka iya cire fim ɗin.
4. Yankan da suka kai 5 cm a tsayi dole ne a sanya su a hankali.
5. Bayan kamar wata daya da rabi, lobelia a shirye take don dasa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.

Yadda za a kula da shuka?

Lobelia tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa, amma lokacin girma shi, kuna buƙatar la'akari da wasu dabaru:

1. Shuka ne thermophilic. Rashin zafi ba zai kashe tsire-tsire ba, amma furanni ba zai auku da yawa ba.
2. Lobelia tana fure musamman a yankuna masu inuwa kadan na lambun ko baranda. Kai tsaye hasken rana da safe karbabbe ne.
3. Lobelia na buƙatar danshi a ƙasa, yana buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai. Ana shayar da ruwa da safe ko da yamma don hana konewa a kan ganyaye masu laushi.
4. Kariya daga ruwan sama da iska. Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ko iska mai ƙarfi na iya lalata tsire-tsire masu rauni.
5. Ya kamata a cire busassun furanni a kai a kai don samar da sabon ci gaba.
6. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da takin mai magani don ciyarwa. Yana da daraja a ciyar da ba fiye da sau biyu a lokacin ba. Idan tsiron yana cikin tukunya, to zaku iya ƙara adadin sutura zuwa 3-4.

   Mahimmanci! Yi hankali - idan ka mamaye shuka, zai yi girma, ba fure ba.

7. Lokacin zabar tukunya don lobelia, tabbatar cewa yana da zurfin isa kuma yana da ramuka na magudana.

Shiri don wintering

1. Idan ka girma lobelia a gida, kawai ka matsar da tukwane a cikin gida don hunturu ka ci gaba da kula da shuka bisa ƙa'idodin da aka nuna a sama.
2. Idan furen ya tsiro a gidan rani, to sai kawai a dasa shi a cikin tukunya sannan a matsar da shi zuwa gidan.

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, shukar zata faranta maka rai da furanni har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.kuma wani lokacin ƙari. Idan kaga shukar tana bushewa, gyara zuwa ƙananan ganye kuma ka sanya ƙasa a hankali a kai a kai. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, zuwa lokacin bazara fure zai kasance a shirye ya dawo don buɗe ƙasa. Ara koyo game da nau'ikan lobelia na yau da kullun, da sifofin shuka da kulawa da shi, gami da shiri don hunturu, a cikin wani kayan daban.

Cututtuka da kwari

• Lobelia, kamar yawancin sauran tsirrai, yana da saukin kai harin aphid. Idan an sami kwaro, yi wa shuka tsiro tare da mafita na musamman.
• Idan fure mai ɗanko ya bayyana akan ganyen, wannan alama ce ta lalacewa ta scabbard ko mealy worm. A wannan yanayin, maganin sabulun wanki zai taimaka.
• Idan ganyen yayi duhu, wannan alama ce ta cututtukan fungal, fusarium ko fure mai laushi. Cire duk wani ganye da ya lalace sannan a kula da shuka da kayan gwari.

Lobelia kyakkyawa ce kuma mara daɗie- Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai kawata lambun ka ko baranda. Ka ba ta hankali tare da shayarwa a kan kari kuma za ta gode maka tare da gizagizai masu furanni na tsawon kakar.

Kalli bidiyo game da haɓaka Lobelia:

Kalli bidiyon: Lobelia Inflata Identification (Mayu 2024).