Lubeck - Tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma a Jamus akan Tekun Baltic

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Lubeck, Jamus gari ne wanda ke arewacin ƙasar a gefen Kogin Trave. Wannan birni yana cikin jerin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa, shine na biyu mafi girma a cikin lardin. Yankin yana cikin Tekun Baltic, nisan Hamburg kusan kilomita 60 ne. Abin da ya bambanta gari da sauran ƙauyukan Jamusawa shine tarihinta mai tarin yawa, da yawan jan hankali, tsoffin gine-ginen gine-ginen da ke cikin tubalin Gothic wanda yake na Lubeck ne kawai.

Hotunan birni Lubeck

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Akwai gine-ginen tarihi kusan dari a cikin birnin.

Babban bayani game da garin Lubeck

Bayyanar Lübeck ya ci gaba da ɗaukaka, kuma abubuwan gani da yawa suna tunatar da Hanungiyar Hanseatic mai tasiri, tunda Lübeck ne ainihin shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwar. Tun daga shekara ta 1987, tsoffin gundumomin birnin sun kasance cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na UNESCO kuma ba abin mamaki bane, saboda wannan ƙaramin garin yana riƙe da tsoffin wurare masu ban sha'awa da kuma kusoshin zamani.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Lübeck ne kawai matsuguni a arewacin Jamus tare da cibiya ta tarihi da ke hamayya da Nuremberg.

Garin ya gaji sunansa ne daga matsugunin Lyubese, inda kabilun Slavic da aka kora daga nan suke zaune. Jamusawa ne suka maye gurbinsu, wadanda suka kafa matsugunin zamani. Abin lura ne cewa Lubeck bai taɓa samun ranar 'yanci ba, shugabanni da duk wasu halayen da ke tabbatar da' yanci, amma, wannan birni ne na farko a cikin Jamus da aka ba da haƙƙin tsabar kuɗi.

Mazauna wurin suna kiran garinsu "tatsuniyar jan bulo". Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin da aka yi amfani da farar ƙasa don gini a Turai, an gina su ne daga tubali a Lubeck. Don haka, mazauna sun nuna jin daɗin rayuwarsu. Tun daga wannan lokacin, jagorancin Lubeck brick Gothic ya bayyana a cikin gine-gine. Abu mafi mashahuri wanda ya wanzu har zuwa yau shine Gidan Gari.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Yanayin Lübeck yana da tasirin gaske daga Tekun Baltic, sabili da haka, ana lura da babban ɗumi anan ko'ina cikin shekara.

Tarihin garin a kwanakin:

1143 - an kafa garin Lubeck a Jamus;
1226 - Lubeck ya sami matsayin sassaucin mulkin mallaka;
1361 - aka kafa kungiyar Hanseatic League, karkashin jagorancin Lubeck;
1630 - taron karshe na wadanda suka kafa kungiyar da mambobin kungiyar Hanseatic League;
1815 - Lubeck ya shiga Tarayyar Jamus;
1933 - Lübeck ya rasa gata da fa'idodi na garin Hanseatic;
1937 - ya shiga lardin Schleswig-Holstein.

Jan hankali Lubeck a Jamus

Wani yanki mafi ban sha'awa na birni dangane da yawon buɗe ido shine na da Altstadt. Daga nan ne yawon shakatawa da yawa ke farawa kuma matafiya waɗanda suke son sanin tarihin garin suka zo nan. Mun tattara zaɓi na abubuwan jan hankali na Lubeck tare da hotuna da kwatancin.

Tsohon gari da Holofar Holstein

Tsoffin sassan garin suna cikin tsibirin da ke kewaye da magudanan ruwa da Kogin Trave. Tsohon garin ba gidan kayan gargajiya bane na sararin samaniya, kodayake, abubuwan da yake gani suna cikin jerin abubuwan da UNESCO ta kare. Cibiyar tarihi yanki ce mai kyau a cikin gari, inda yake da daɗin tafiya tare da tsofaffin tituna da kuma sha'awar gine-ginen.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Mafi kyawun kiyayewa shine arewacin ɓangaren tarihi - Koberg.

Wani fasalin fasalin tsohon ɓangaren birnin shine masu ruɗar majami'u da ke kan Lubeck. Hakanan akwai tsinkayen haikalin birni, wanda aka fara gina shi da umarnin Duke Henry Lion. Wata alama ta tarihi Lübeck, St. Mary's Church ita ce ta uku mafi girma a cikin coci a Jamus kuma mafi tsayi gini a cikin gari.

Ko a cikin tarihin Lübeck, zaku iya gani kuma ziyarci:

gidajen tarihi;
gidaje a cikin salon baroque da na gargajiya;
Ma'aikatar magajin gari;
gidan wasan kwaikwayo na jihar;
Asibitin Heilishen-Geist.

Alamar tsakiyar yankin Lübeck, da ma duk garin, ita ce ƙofar Holsten ko ƙofar Holstein, wanda aka fara aikinta a cikin 1466 kuma ya ƙare a 1478. Jan hankali shine tsarin daidaituwa tare da hasumiyoyi guda biyu. Isofar wani ɓangare ne na garun birnin.

Kyakkyawan sani! Kofar Holstein ita ce mafi shahara a cikin Jamus bayan Brandofar Brandenburg. Alama ce ba kawai ta Lübeck ba, har ma da duk ƙasar da andungiyar Hanseatic.

Ginin da aka gina a Lubeck a cikin 1477 kuma ya kasance hadadden tsarin kariya guda huɗu, babban ɓangarensu shine Golofar Golshin. Af, tsarin kariyar birnin ya kasance abin birgewa sosai - hasumiya, kango na ƙasa, koguna, masu amfani da wuta - bindigogi 30.

A tsakiyar karni na 19, dangane da gina layin dogo da sabbin gine-gine, hukumomi sun yanke shawarar wargaza wani bangare na katanga. An kiyaye ƙofar, a cikin 1871 an yi cikakken sake gini, kuma a cikin 1931 an ƙarfafa ginin.

Tun daga tsakiyar karni na 20, ginin ƙofar yana da Gidan Tarihi na Holstentor, inda zaku iya sanin tarihin garin da al'adun ta.

Bayani mai amfani:

jadawalin aiki: daga Janairu zuwa Maris - daga 11-00 zuwa 17-00 (an rufe ranar Litinin), daga Afrilu zuwa Disamba - daga 10-00 zuwa 18-00 (kwana bakwai a mako);
farashin tikiti: manya - 7 €, don rukunoni masu dama - 3.5 €, yara daga shekara 6 zuwa 18 - 2.5 €, ga yara ƙasa da shekara 6 shiga kyauta ne;
sabis na jagora - 4 €;
gidan yanar gizo: http://museum-holstentor.de/.

Ma'aikatar magajin gari

Ginin yana da ban mamaki ga abubuwa da yawa a lokaci ɗaya:

yana ɗayan ɗayan kyawawan kyawawa a cikin birni;
zane ya haɗu da nau'ikan tsarin gine-gine;
mafi tsufa yana aiki Town Hall a Jamus.

Jan hankalin yana nan kan Kasuwar Kasuwa, wanda bashi da nisa da Cocin St. Mary.

An gina zauren birni a cikin karni na 13, a lokacin kasancewarsa an sake gina ginin sau da yawa, sakamakon haka an gauraya salon daban-daban a cikin gine-gine - Gothic, Renaissance har ma da Art Nouveau.

A farkon karni na 14, an kammala ginin Hall Hall a cikin salon Romanesque a dandalin, a rabin farko na karni na 15 an kara reshen Gothic a ciki, kuma a karni na 16 an kara ginin da kari a salon Renaissance.

Kyakkyawan sani! A cikin Hall Hall, akwai frescoes bango wanda ke ba da labarin rayuwar birni.

Bayani mai amfani:

zaku iya ziyarci jan hankalin kawai a zaman wani ɓangare na balaguro;
balaguron balaguro: Litinin zuwa Juma'a - 11-00, 12-00, 15-00, Asabar - 12-30;
balaguron balaguro - 4 €, don masu riƙe katin Lubeck - 2 €.

Hansa Turai Museum

Gidan kayan tarihin yana kusa da hasumiyar Burgtor, wanda ya rage daga tsarin kariya. An yi amfani da tubalin glazed don gini. Wannan alamar ta ci gaba har yau ba ta canzawa.

Baje kolin kayan tarihin Hansa ya ba da labarin tarihin haɗin kan biranen Baltic da na Arewacin Turai. Associationungiyar ta kasance har zuwa 1669. Ta hanyar na'urori masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa masu yawa, baƙon gidan kayan gargajiya suna komawa baya zuwa shekarun da gishiri ya fi kuɗi daraja. Anan zaku iya ganin jiragen ruwa na Hanseatic, tufafin yan kasuwa.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Tarihin birane da yawa Hansawa sun yi tasiri sosai. Ga Nizhny Novgorod, 1231 ya zama rashin girbi mara kyau kuma godiya ga taimakon Hansa, an ceci mazaunan daga yunwa.

Lübeck ne ke tsakiyar tsakiyar baje kolin, a matsayin babban birni na Kungiyar Hanseatic. Hakanan daga cikin abubuwan da aka gabatar akwai tarin kayan tarihi.

Adireshin: Labarin Der 1-2.
Lokacin buɗewa: kowace rana daga 10-00 zuwa 18-00.
Farashin tikiti: manya - 13 €, rangwamen - 10 €, yara - 7.50 €, dangi - 19-00 €.
Yanar Gizo: http://hansemuseum.eu/>hansemuseum.eu.

Cocin St. Mary

Babban haikalin na garin Lübeck shine haikalin Gothic mafi tsayi a duniya. Tana nan kan Kasuwar Kasuwa, kusa da Gidan Gari. Ginin ya fara ne a shekara ta 1251 kuma ya dau shekara ɗari. An gina cocin ne domin nuna karfi da karfin tashar jirgin ruwa, da kuma kungiyar Hanseatic, wadanda suka hada da garuruwa sama da dari biyu. Tsayin tsakiyar jirgin ruwa shine 38.5 m, tsayin hasumiyar kararrawa shine 125 m.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Sakamakon tashin bam a shekara ta 1942, gobara ta tashi a cikin haikalin, wutar ta fallasa wani zane na tsofaffin zane a karkashin lafin filastar.

Rushewar ta haifar da rushewar kararrawa, wanda har yanzu ana ajiye su a cikin haikalin. Shugabar gwamnati Konrad Adenauer ce ta gabatar da sabuwar kararrawar cocin a yayin bikin cika shekaru dari bakwai. Maidowa sun dawo da bayyanar cocin na baya daga hotuna. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an ƙara ginin tare da sabbin tsare-tsare, a yau rukunin ya ƙunshi majami'u guda goma.

Bayani mai amfani:

kudin shiga - 2 €;
jadawalin aiki - daga 10-00 zuwa 16-00;
Yanar gizo: https://st-marien-luebeck.de.

Cocin St. Peter

An gina haikalin nave biyar a kan wurin cocin da ya tsaya a nan tun ƙarni na 12, wanda aka yi masa ado da tubalin Gothic, wanda ke da yanayin arewacin Jamus. A lokacin shekarun yakin, an lalata filin da kyau, an sake dawo dashi ne kawai a shekarar 1987. A yau gidan ibada ba ya aiki, ba a gudanar da sabis a nan, amma hukumomi suna amfani da wuraren don shirya al'adun gargajiya - nune-nunen, baje kolin, kide-kide.

An shirya matattarar kallo a tsawo na mita 50 a kan ƙararrawar kararrawa. Kuna iya zuwa nan ta amfani da lif.

Bayani mai amfani:

kudin ziyartar dakin kallo - 4 €;
ana karɓar katunan kuɗi don tikiti sama da € 10.

Inda zan zauna

A tsarin mulki, an kasa garin zuwa kashi 10, daga mahangar yawon bude ido, 'yan kadan ne ke da ban sha'awa:

Innenstadt shine mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi tsufa yankin yawon bude ido a cikin birni, inda yawancin otal-otal ɗin ke mai da hankali;
St. Lorenz-Nord, da kuma St. Lorenz-Sud - an raba gundumomi daga Lübeck mai tarihi ta hanyar hanyar jirgin ƙasa, kamfanonin masana'antu sun mai da hankali a nan, kuma kusan babu wuraren shakatawa, za ku iya zaɓar otal ko otal mai tsada kusa da tashar jirgin ƙasa a matsayin masauki;
Travemunde ba yanki ne kawai na Lubeck ba, amma wani ɗan ƙaramin gari ne wanda ke da damar zuwa teku, akwai manyan shagunan shagunan, gidajen abinci, zaku iya tafiya jirgin ruwa.

Kyakkyawan sani! Idan kun fi sha'awar wuraren shakatawa a bakin teku, to ku kyauta ku zaɓi yankin Travemunde. Babu otal-otal da yawa a nan, amma gano gidaje ba shi da wahala. Dole ne a yi rajistar masauki a gaba. Settleungiyoyin biyu an haɗa su ta hanyar jirgin ƙasa, hanya tana ɗaukar mintina 30, kuma ana iya isa ta mota.

Kudin rayuwa:

daki a dakunan kwanan dalibai - 25 €;
daki a cikin otal mai tauraruwa 2 - 60 €;
daki a cikin otal mai tauraruwa uku - 70 €;
4-hotel hotel - 100 €;
daki a cikin otal mai tauraro 5 - 140 €.

Gano Farashi ko sanya kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom

Abinci a Lubeck

Tabbas, yawancin wuraren da zaku ci abinci da abinci mai daɗi suna mai da hankali ne a tsakiyar Lubeck. Babu ƙaranci a cikin zaɓin abinci - an gabatar da kamfanoni tare da abinci na gida a yalwace, da kuma gidajen abinci tare da menu na Faransa, Italiyanci, Meziko da Asiya.

Kyakkyawan sani! Lubeck sanannen sanannen taro ne na mashaya da ƙananan cafes inda zaku ɗanɗana giyar gida ko ruwan inabi.

Farashi a cikin gidajen abinci da gidajen abinci:

bincika mutum ɗaya a cikin cafe mai tsada - daga € 9 zuwa € 13;
rajistan mutane biyu a cikin gidan abinci - daga 35 € zuwa 45 € (abincin rana sau uku);
abincin rana a gidan abinci mai sauri - daga 7 € zuwa 9 €.

Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din

Yadda zaka isa Lubeck

Yawancin yawon bude ido suna zuwa birni ta jirgin ƙasa, jirgin ruwa ko mota. Filin jirgin sama mafi kusa yana cikin kilomita 66 daga Lübeck a Hamburg. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don isa daga tashar jirgin sama zuwa birni:

ta jirgin S-Bahn (tsayawa a ginin tashar jirgin sama) zuwa Hamburg, sannan ta jirgin ƙasa zuwa Lubeck, tafiyar na ɗaukar awa 1 da minti 25, tafiyar za ta ci 15 €;
ta motar birni zuwa tashar jirgin ƙasa a Hamburg, sannan ta jirgin ƙasa zuwa Lübeck, tafiya da bas - 1.60 €.

Jamus tana da hanyar sadarwar jirgin ƙasa da yawa; zaku iya zuwa Lubeck ta jirgin ƙasa daga kowane birni a ƙasar. Cikakken bayani kan jadawalin jirgin kasa da farashin tikiti akan tashar jirgin kasa ta hukuma www.bahn.de.

Daga wasu manyan ƙauyuka a cikin Jamus, zaku iya zuwa Lubeck ta bas (mai ɗaukar Flixbus). Farashin daga 11 € zuwa 39 €. Mota sun isa tashar jirgin ƙasa a Lübeck.

Ferry Helsinki-Lubeck tare da mota

Travemunde yana da nisan kilomita 20 daga garin - wurin shakatawar da ke da matsayin gefen Lübeck. Jirgin ruwa daga Helsinki da St. Petersburg (masu jigilar kaya kawai) sun iso nan.

Jiragen ruwa na jirgin ruwa daga Helsinki suna amfani da su ta hanyar kamfanin Finnlines. Tafiya zata kashe daga 400 € zuwa 600 €. Farashin tikitin ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:

yadda farkon tikitin jirgi ya kama;
An shirya tsallaka jirgin ruwa tare da mota ko ba tare da hawa ba.

Tafiya tana daukar awanni 29. Ferries suna barin Helsinki sau bakwai a mako. Don ƙarin bayani game da jirgin ruwan Helsinki-Lubeck, jadawalin da farashin tikiti, don Allah ziyarci www.finnlines.com/ru.

Har zuwa 2015, Jirgin ruwan St. Petersburg-Lubeck yana gudana, tare da mota wannan hanyar sufuri ta kasance mai sauƙi kuma ba matsala. Koyaya, tun daga watan Fabrairun wannan shekara, aka dakatar da jigilar fasinjan jirgin, jigilar kaya kawai ta rage. Don haka, hanyar da za a bi daga St.Petersburg zuwa Lubeck ita ce ta mota ko jirgin ruwa zuwa Helsinki, sannan ta jirgin Helsinki-Lubeck. Ana iya samun jadawalin da farashin tikiti a https://parom.de/helsinki-travemunde.

Mun tattara mahimman bayanai game da garin Lubeck (Jamus), wanda yawon buɗe ido zai buƙaci tafiya. Tabbas, wannan ƙaramin garin ya cancanci kulawa, hanya mafi kyau don jin launi da yanayin Lubeck shine yawo cikin cibiyar tarihi kuma ziyarci tsoffin abubuwan gani.

Bidiyo: balaguro ta jirgin ruwa a cikin Turai, tsayawa a Lubeck da bayani mai amfani game da birni.

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