Bayani game da nau'ikan ƙananan-marigolds: hoto. Nasihu don kulawa mai kyau

Marigolds suna ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun shuke-shuke masu furanni. Shin kun san cewa waɗannan sanannun furannin baƙi ne! Kasarsu ta Kudu da Amurka ta Tsakiya.

Can baya a karni na 16, an isar da zuriyar wannan shuka daga dangin Aster zuwa Spain akan jiragen ruwa na masu jirgin ruwa. A cikin wannan labarin zamuyi magana game da nau'ikan wannan fure, nau'ikan ta, ƙa'idodin girma da kulawa. Hakanan zai zama da amfani don kallon bidiyo mai ban sha'awa.

Bayyanar da sunayen launi

HANKALI: Furanni suna da ƙayayyen kara, rassan a kan wanne reshe masu ɗumbin yawa, suna yin laushi mai laushi, amma ƙanana sosai. Tsayinsa zai iya kaiwa daga 20 zuwa 120 cm. Theawain daji ana ba da ganyen duhu masu duhu na nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban.

An yi wa shuke-shuke rawanin da kwandunan inflorescences na rawaya, lemu, launin ruwan kasa, ruwan hoda-mai launin ruwan kasa, launuka iri-iri, waɗanda na iya zama ko dai guda ɗaya ko tattarawa a cikin hadaddun inflorescences. Marigolds sun yi fure sosai kuma na dogon lokaci, daga Yuni zuwa farkon sanyi. Kuna iya gane waɗannan furannin ta ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanshin yaji wanda duka furanni da ganye suke fitarwa.

Marigolds ya kasu kashi uku bisa tsayin daka na kara a daji:

1. kafa, ko Afirka, (mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi har zuwa mita 1 a tsayi);
2. na bakin ciki, ko na Meziko, (suna da ɗan ƙaramin daji har zuwa 40 cm);
3. ƙi, ko Faransanci, (tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire 30-50 cm).

Za ku sami duk cikakkun bayanai game da waɗannan nau'ikan marigolds guda uku da kula da su a waje a cikin labarin daban.

Marigananan marigolins na Mexico da Faransanci suna da mashahuri sosai tare da masu furanni da masu lambu, saboda suna da kyau don yin ado da gadaje na furanni, lambunan gaba da tuddai masu tsayi. Kuma tunda suna iya yin fure a cikin ƙasa kaɗan, za a iya amfani da su don gyara shimfidar wurare da kuma loggias na gidaje (karanta game da fasalin haɓakar marigolds a cikin kwalaye da tukwane a gida). Marigolds na Faransa sun yi fure daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba a cikin dukkan tabarau na lemu.

1. Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan marigolds na Faransa (masu ƙarancin girma), waɗanda ke da ƙananan inflorescences tare da diamita na 3-5 santimita, sune marigolds na iri-iri:
   • Vilmorin (ba sama da 26 cm tare da ƙananan furanni biyu a cikin nau'i mai duhu rawaya).
   • Cherry munduwa (daji mai yawa bai wuce 25 cm tare da ja da furannin ceri).
   • Gwanin Zinare (gandun daji mai kauri mai tsayin 25 cm tsayi kuma sau biyu na zoben zinariya).
   • Kwallan Zinare (karamin shrub, wanda bai fi 30 cm tsayi ba tare da rassa biyu masu launuka iri biyu da furannin zinare waɗanda suke kama da gammaye).
   • Carmen (tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire wanda ba ya fi tsayi 30 cm tare da furanni rawaya a tsakiya, ja-launin ruwan kasa a gefuna).
   • Sarauniya sofia (daji mai yawa, wanda bai fi 30 cm tsayi ba, tare da rawaya a gefuna da furannin burgundy mai haske a tsakiya).
   • Wutar lemu mai zafi (daji mai ɗumbin yawa tare da furanni mai zaki-ja).
2. Marigananan marigolds mai ƙarancin sihiri (Mexican) ba ƙasa suke da buƙata ba, saboda ba sa buƙatar shuka na musamman da yanayin kulawa. Marigolds na Mexico ƙananan bishiyoyi ne har zuwa 40 cm tsayi, tare da ƙananan ganye, waɗanda galibi ake amfani da su don abubuwan girke-girke. Mafi mashahuri iri sune:
   • Gnome (daji har zuwa 25 cm tare da madaidaiciya orange-kasa-kasa furanni).
   • Lulu (shuke-shuke masu yalwar shuke-shuke tare da ganyayyun ganyayyaki kaɗan da ƙananan furanni tare da furanni masu launin rawaya da lemon ƙasa).

Za ku sami ƙarin bayani game da nau'ikan da nau'ikan marigolds tare da hotuna a nan.

Hoto

Kalli hotunan wadannan shuke-shuke masu kyawawan furanni:

Dokokin kulawa

Domin marigolds ɗinku suyi laya da kyan su, lokacin barinsu, kuna buƙatar cika sharuɗɗa da yawa don haɓakar mafi kyau na waɗannan tsire-tsire.

Waɗannan su ne yanayin:

• hasken wuta;
• zafin jiki;
• abun da ke cikin ƙasa;
• shayarwa;
• saman miya;
• sako-sako da sako-sako;
• kusanci da wasu tsirrai.

1. Hasken wuta... Marigolds suna son haske mai haske. A cikin gonarka, ka dasa su a hasken rana kai tsaye, to, zasu yi fulawa sosai. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi buɗe, wuri mai inuwa don dasa shuruwar marigolds. Hakanan kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa tsire-tsire masu dasa kansu suna ƙirƙirar inuwa, don haka lokacin dasa shuki, tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin ƙarfi ya kamata a sanya su a tazarar 15-20 cm daga juna.

   Idan baku da filaye da yawa masu haske, ku tuna cewa waɗannan tsirrai na iya jurewa inuwa da inuwa ta sauƙi. Yadda ake shuka marigolds a cikin birni? Ka tuna cewa wurin dasa shuki furanni ya kamata ya zama yana da rana, don haka wuraren fili na ƙasa ko wuraren da ke kusa da gefen haske na gine-gine sun dace da gadajen furanni, kuma don dasa baranda - ɓangarorin kudu, gabas ko yamma na ginin.
2. Zazzabi... Marigolds tsire-tsire ne masu zafi, zafin jiki na digiri 22-25 yana da kyau don yaɗuwar iri, kuma zafin jiki na digiri 20-23 shine mafi kyau don cikakken girma. An dasa shuki na Marigold a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa bayan ƙarshen duk lokacin sanyi. Yadda ake yin sa daidai, mun faɗi a nan.

   A ƙananan yanayin zafi, haɓakar su ta ragu, ganye sun zama kodadde. A farkon sanyi, tsire-tsire sun mutu.

3. Haɗin ƙasa... An yi imanin cewa ƙananan-marigolds ba su da ma'ana ga haɗin ƙasa kuma za su yi fure ko da ba tare da takin mai magani ba. Duk da haka, wannan amfanin gona yana buƙatar ƙasa mai gina jiki mai kyau, mara kyau ko tsaka tsaki. Idan ƙasa tayi yashi akan rukunin yanar gizon ku, to za'a iya matse shi ta ƙara ƙasa baƙar fata ko humus.

   Shouldasa ya kamata a malale, sako-sako da, mai cike da ruwa sosai, tare da takin mai rikitarwa. Ba za ku iya dasa al'adu a kan asid ba, ƙasa mai nauyi tare da ruwa mai ƙaranci, saboda tushen tsarin zai ruɓe da sauri.

4. Shayarwa... Ruwa marigolds a cikin matsakaici, amma a kai a kai. Yayin lokacin ci gaban aiki, kar a bar ƙasar ta bushe, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za su yi rauni, kuma ƙananan maganganun za su zama kaɗan. Lokacin da tsire ya fara ɗaure inflorescences kuma ya yi fure, shayarwa tana da iyaka, saboda akwai haɗarin ambaliyar tushen, wanda zai haifar da ruɓewa da cututtukan fungal. Zai fi kyau ruwa da yamma.
5. Top miya... An yi imanin cewa marigolds baya buƙatar a ciyar da shi. Amma mai yalwa, lush flowering mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da ciyarwa mai inganci. Dasa shuki shine mafi kyau a cikin ƙasa mai haɗuwa da taki ko gauraye da humus. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar ciyar da marigolds da aka dasa a gonar ko a gadajen filawa sau 3.

   A karo na farko ana amfani da takin zamani yayin haɓakar tsire-tsire, lokacin da tsayinsa yakai cm 10-12. Sa'an nan kuma ana ciyar da su lokacin da ƙwayoyin farko suka bayyana. Abinci na uku ya kamata ayi kafin fure ko kuma a farkon fure. Yawaitar takin zamani zai jinkirta furannin marigolds. A cikin cikakken bayani game da yadda ake ciyar da marigolds don yalwar furanni, mun rubuta a cikin wannan labarin.

   Sau nawa don ciyar da furanni da aka dasa a baranda a cikin kwandunan filawa da tukwane? Soilasa a cikin irin waɗannan kwantenan sun lalace da sauri, kuma ba tare da hadi ba, marigolds zai daina yin furanni. Sabili da haka, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ciyarwa sau ɗaya kowane mako 2. Don hadi, abubuwa masu rikitarwa ne kawai za a iya amfani da su: Agricola -7, Kyakkyawan ,arfi, takin don shuke-shuke masu furanni.

   MUHIMMANCI: Ka tuna cewa hawan nitrogen yana motsa girma amma yana hana fure.

6. Weeding da loosening marigolds... Ya kamata a yi ciyawar marigolds a kai a kai, saboda furanni suna son haske mai kyau, kuma ciyawar ba wai kawai ta hana shuke-shuke da aka noma na abinci ba, amma har da shuka inuwa. Sassauta kasar gona shine samarda isasshen yanayi na tushen tsarin - wadataccen iskar oxygen daga cikin saiwoyin, wanda ya zama dole domin samuwar bishiyar mai daushin ciyawa.

   Yana da mahimmanci a sassauta rukunin dasa marigold yayin duk girma da furannin. Don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawar daji, kuna buƙatar datse rassa, shuɗewar inflorescences, yellowed ganye.

Munyi magana dalla-dalla game da kula da marigolds a waje a cikin wannan labarin, kuma karanta game da yadda za'a kula dasu a gida.

Cututtuka da kwari

Idan kun kula da marigolds, la'akari da duk yanayin haɓaka mafi kyau, to furannin zasu faranta muku rai har tsawon watanni tare da bayyanar su mai ban mamaki. Amma kwari da cututtuka babu makawa idan yanayin yanayi bai dace da na al'ada ba kuma an keta yanayin kulawa.

Don haka, tare da danshi, ruɓe, naman gwari, slugs da katantanwa na iya bayyana akan shuka... Tare da Blackleg, abin da ake kira fungal cuta, saiwar ta zama mai rufe da farin ɗigon, wanda sai ya yi duhu ya fara ruɓewa.

Ba za a iya ci gaba da tsire ba, dole ne a cire shi, kuma dole ne a bi da ƙasa tare da kayan gwari, ash, perlite, yana da mahimmanci don rage shayarwa. Tushen launin toka, wanda ke faruwa tare da yawan shayarwa da ƙarancin yanayin zafi, yana haifar da harbe-harben rawaya da mutuwa. Za a iya samun slugs da katantanwa ta hanyar bincika ganyen marigolds da kuma sassauta ƙasa a kusa da shukar. Akwai hanyoyi 2 don kawar da kwari:

1. Tattara su.
2. Yada toka ko lemun tsami a kusa da kowane tushe a matsayin shinge.

Idan bazara ta bushe ko rashin wadataccen ruwa, mites gizo-gizo na iya bayyana, sannan ganye da furanni an rufe su da farin fure. Kuna iya yaƙar kaska ta hanyar sanyaya iska koyaushe a kewayen shuka... Karanta game da abin da za ka yi idan gizo-gizo ko kuma wata kwaro ta bayyana akan tsiron a cikin labarin daban.

Bugwaƙar baƙar fata ko farin malam buɗe ido na iya farawa a kan ganyen marigold seedlings, suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma ana iya halakarwa kawai saboda ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ko jiko na tafarnuwa, ganyen taba ko celandine.

Ta yaya suke hayayyafa?

Duk nau'ikan marigolds suna hayayyafa ta tsaba., wanda kowane mai shuka zai iya tattara kansa bayan dasa shuki na farko na furanni, ya bar kofunan bushewa na furanni akan tsiron (ta yaya kuma yaushe zai fi kyau tara tsaba marigold?). Ana iya shuka Marigolds a kan shuki kuma kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Don shuka, ana buƙatar shuka marigolds mai ƙarancin girma a farkon Afrilu, sannan za su yi fure a watan Yuni.

Don shuka, shirya ƙasa a cikin rabo mai zuwa:

• humus;
• peat;
• ciyawa
• yashi (1; 1; 1; 0.5).

Tabbatar kashe cututtukan da aka samu tare da maganin fungicide ko ruwan hoda mai duhu na potassium permanganate. Sa'an nan kuma sanya tsagi a cikin cakuda kuma dasa tsaba a nesa na 1.5 - 2 cm. Ruwa a hankali, a cikin matsakaici. Dasa marigolds masu ƙarancin girma a cikin ƙasa bayan duk sanyi a bisa tsarin 20x20.

Nan da nan zuwa cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar shuka shuken da aka jiƙa, ko mafi kyaun tsaba. Don yin wannan, sanya ramuka, sanya iri a cikinsu, yayyafa da cakuda masu gina jiki da ruwa. Thinirƙiri shuke-shuke bayan germination, barin karfi.

Za ku koyi yadda ake shuka tsiro daga tsaba a nan, kuma a nan mun yi magana game da yadda ake shuka shukokin marigold da kanku.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasa marigolds don shuka:

Kammalawa

Girma iri-iri na marigolds, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa kyawawan waɗannan furannin aikin mutum ne. Kuma marigolds masu zurfin tunani sun kirkiro tsare-tsaren fure masu ban mamaki, suna faranta ido akan farashi kalilan. Saboda haka, sun cancanci kulawa.

Kalli bidiyon: CAT GAMES - STRING STRING THING - 2 HOUR EDITION FOR CATS ONLY (Satumba 2024).