Wani irin skullcap - mulufi, mai tsayi ko wani - ya dace da itacen tsire-tsire?

Skullcap (Scutellaria) babban tsire-tsire ne na dangin Lamiaceae ko Labiatae, an samo kusan duk duniya (ban da Antarctica).

Yawancin nau'ikan suna cikin nau'in tsire-tsire masu launi. Yawancin nau'ikan suna da halaye na ado, amma ƙananan ɓangare daga cikinsu ana amfani dasu azaman tsire-tsire a aikace. Wasu nau'in shuka suna da kayan magani.

Jinsin "Shlemnik" gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi fiye da nau'ikan 460. Mafi yawan shuke-shuke ciyawa ne, kuma 'yan kaɗan ne kawai shuke-shuken bishiyoyi.

Talakawa

Skullcap - ganye mai ɗorewa, wanda yake da adadi mai yawa na wasu sunaye: skullcap, cockerel skullcap, kaka, St. John's wort, masu amfani, tsami, tsirrai, uwa, ciyawar zuciya, shuɗi Tana tsirowa a yankin Bahar Rum, Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai, ƙasashen Scandinavia, Ciscaucasia, Asiya ta Tsakiya, China, Mongolia, Japan, Arewacin Amurka, Rasha (ɓangaren Turai, Yammacin da Siberia ta Gabas).

Yana son yin girma a cikin makiyaya mai ambaliyar ruwa, kusa da fadama, da kuma bankunan koguna, tabkuna da tafkuna.

• Shuke-shuke ya kai tsayin 10-50 cm, yana da tetrahedral kara da siririn rhizome, wanda ke tattare da rarrafe da reshe.
• An shirya ganyayyaki akasin haka, suna da siffar mai tsayi-mai tsayi da kuma manyan ƙanƙanran obtuse tare da gefuna.
• Furannin tsire-tsire suna da launi biyu, masu launi-shuɗi-shuɗi, an tsara su ɗaya bayan ɗaya a cikin sifofin ganyayyaki.
• Leben saman corolla mai siffar kwalkwali, yayin da leben ƙananan yana da ƙarfi.
• Furanni suna da stamens huɗu (ƙananan biyu sun fi na sama tsayi). Pistil yana da tabin bipartite da kuma ƙwai mai haɗuwa huɗu.
• Tsirrai suna nuna 'ya'yan itacen a cikin nau'in kwayoyi huɗu.

Lokacin shukar furannin itacen shine Yuni-Agusta. Lokacin 'ya'yan itace na shuka shine Yuli-Satumba. Shuka ta ƙunshi flavonoids (apigenin, baicalein, wogonin, scutellarein). A da, ana amfani da tsiron a magani, amma yanzu yana ci gaba da samun amfani da shi a maganin gargajiya.

Yin amfani da tsire-tsire don dalilai na magani mai yiwuwa ne, duk da haka, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da yawan abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu.

Siberiyan

1. Perennial halin karfi reshe. Bangaren da ke ƙasa zai iya girma har zuwa 1.5 m a tsayi.
2. Angaren ɓangaren yana da yanayin yawaita, siririn ɗan'uwanta da reshe a ɓangaren na sama.
3. Ganyayyaki masu sauki ne, kayan kwalliya, ko suwaye ko masu kusurwa-uku.
4. Loananan nau'ikan nau'ikan furanni, masu ɗan sako-sako.

Furannin launuka ne masu duhu ja. Lokacin shukar furannin itacen shine Yuni-Agusta. Yana girma a Yammacin Yammacin da Gabashin Siberia.

Mai tsayi

Lokaci mai girma wanda ke girma a wuraren tsaunuka na kudancin Turai, Balkans, da kuma a kudancin Siberia. Ya bambanta a cikin gajeren tsayi (tsayin tsayi - 15-20 cm).

• Ganyayyaki masu kamannin zuciya ne da na balaga.
• Furanni na tsohuwar ne, fari-shuni, launin ruwan hoda mai haske. Akwai nau'ikan da suke da launuka masu launuka uku, masu banbanci da fari-turquoise corollas.

Lokacin furanni - daga Mayu zuwa Yuli; Fruiting a watan Agusta. Alpine scullcap an yi amfani da shi fiye da ƙarni huɗu azaman tsire-tsire, kuma ana girma a kan tsaunukan alpine haɗe da wasu nau'in. Shuka ta fi son ƙasa ta alkaline.

Scarlet

Itace shrub mai son haske mai ɗumbin yawa, wanda ake kira "Costa Rican skullcap". An fara gano wannan nau'in a tsibirin Costa Rica kuma shahararren masanin botan kuma shugaban lambun tsirrai a Hannover (Jamus) G. Wendland ya bayyana a tsakiyar karni na 19. Hakanan a cikin vivo, ana iya samun shuka a cikin Panama da Mexico. Shuke-shuken yana da ɗan itace mai ɗan kaɗan wanda ya kai tsawon 1m a tsayi.

Don neman haske, tushe za su iya rarrafe kuma su yi kama da liana.

1. Furanni - lemu mai haske-ja, mulufi, ja wur kamar na fure mai fure-tubes, an tattara shi a cikin sihiri-mai kama da kamannin fure-fure (kama da cones, har zuwa 6 cm). Furanni ba su da ƙanshi.
2. Corolla yana da rawaya rawaya, wanda kusan an rufe shi kuma an ninke shi a cikin siffar hular kwano. Blooms na dogon lokaci saboda sannu-sannu furannin buds (daga sama zuwa ƙasa).
3. Shuka mai tushe - tetrahedral, tsarin ganyayyaki ya saba.
4. Takardun bayanai suna da sifa iri-iri masu zafin rai tare da gefen tsefe, launi yana da zurfin kore, an baje saman, ba ƙanshi. Lokacin shafawa, ganyen suna yin kara mai kara (kamar takarda).

Hakanan wannan nau'in yana girma a cikin cikin gida da yanayin greenhouse. Tsawon shuka ya kai tsayin 20-60 cm. A cikin Rasha, wannan nau'in yana ci gaba da kasancewa mai saurin gaske, duk da rashin dacewar sa da kyawawan halayen adon sa.

Scarlet skullcap, lokacin da aka girma a cikin ɗaki da yanayin greenhouse, yana buƙatar sabunta tsire-tsire na yau da kullun ta hanyar yankan. Girma a matsayin shekara-shekara ko shekara biyu.

Squat

Perennial plant, wanda kuma yana da suna: skullcap acutifoliate, dab da skullcap. Ya tsiro a cikin Rasha (ƙasashen kudu na ɓangaren Turai, Yammaci da Gabashin Siberia), Ukraine, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Mongolia, China.

• Sashin shrub ne wanda ya girma har zuwa 1.5 m a tsayi.
• Ganye suna da siffa mai tsayi tare da gefen gefuna.
• Furannin suna rawaya, manya (sama da 3 cm a faɗi), suna da gashi.

Ya fi son girma a kan tuddai mai tsayi, kwaruruka, makiyaya mai tsayi. Furanni suna bayyana kusan watan Yuni a ɓangarorin sama na tushe a shekara ta biyu ta girma.

Fure-fure

Semi-shrub ne wanda ke da launin toka-toka saboda balaga. Ya girma a Siberia ta Yamma da Gabas, Altai, Mongolia. Ya fi son girma a kan tuddai ko tsakuwa, talus, duwatsu, tsakuwa.

Tushen yana da kauri, da katako da tsire-tsire. Mai tushe - masu yawa, masu rassa, masu tsayin cm 10-20. Kusa da tushe - na katako ne da na saurayi masu gajerun gashin gashi.

Ganyen kanana ne, kaho ne, ko kuma an yanke su a kusa da gindin, wanda yake kan dogayen kanana (har zuwa 12 mm).

Gefen ganyen suna da danshi, kuma ganyayyakin kansu kangaresu ne a bangarorin biyu tare da manna gashin gashi, launin toka-kore a sama.

1. Furanni samar da ɗimbin yawa, kusan inflorescences tetrahedral har zuwa 4 cm tsawo a ɓangarorin sama na rassan.
2. Kofi - kimanin tsawon 2 mm, mai gashi mai yalwa, yana da matattarar reniform scutellum, mai launi purple.
3. Corolla yana da tsayi na 1.5-2.5 cm, launi mai ruwan hoda ne-purple ko purple, a wasu lokuta yana da balaga a waje.
4. Kwayoyi - triangular-oval, baƙar fata, an rufe shi da farin gashin gashi.

Lokacin furanni shine Yuni-Agusta.

Baikal

Ganye mai ɗorewa wanda shima yana da wasu sunaye da yawa:

• shuɗi St. John's wort;
• gindi;
• garkuwa;
• giya uwa;
• kaka;
• garkuwa;
• shark;
• skullcap;
• ganye na zuciya;
• yin ruwa;
• mai amfani.

A cikin Rasha, yana girma a yankin Tafkin Baikal, a cikin yankin Amur da Yankin Primorsky. Hakanan ana samunsa a wasu ƙasashe - a cikin Mongolia, Koriya, arewacin China.

1. Shuka ta kai 60 cm a tsayi, tana da rassan reshe mai kyau.
2. Tushen gajere ne kuma mai kauri, launi ne mai ruwan kasa, amma a hutu, saiwarwar matasa rawaya ce, yayin da tsofaffin kuma launin ruwan kasa.
3. Ganyen shukar kanana ne, tsawace, kuma masu wahalar tabawa.
4. Furannin masu launin shuɗi ne, masu kamannin ƙararrawa, masu liba biyu, waɗanda aka tattara a saman gangaren inflorescences. Furannin suna da ado sosai kuma suna da kyau.

Lokacin furanni shine Yuni-Yuli.

Za ku sami cikakken kwatancen Baikal skullcap da ka'idoji don haɓaka fure a cikin labarin daban, kuma zaku iya gano game da kayan magani da ƙetare wannan nau'in shuka a cikin wannan kayan.

Kammalawa

Don haka, jinsin "Shlemnik" yana da mazauni mai fadi kuma gaba ɗaya ya ƙunshi fiye da nau'ikan 460. Ingantattun kayan ado da rini suna tattare da yawancin waɗannan tsire-tsire, yayin da kawai onlyan jinsuna ake amfani dasu don dalilai na magani da na kwaskwarima.

Kalli bidiyon: Skullcap as a First Aid Plant with 7Song (Satumba 2024).