Hasumiyar Madmen ɗayan ɗayan gidajen tarihi ne da ake taƙaddama a kai
Daga cikin abubuwan da ke gani na Vienna akwai gini guda ɗaya, wanda duk tarihinsa abin ban tsoro ne. Hasumiyar Wawaye - wannan sunan an sanya shi ɗaya daga cikin gine-ginen Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Kimiyyar Halitta, inda mahaukata suke a baya a cikin yanayin rashin mutuntaka, kuma yanzu akwai tarin da ke gabatar da baƙi zuwa duk abubuwan da za a iya yin tunaninsu da nakasassu.
Tarihin bayyana
Hasumiyar Wawaye gini ne mai hawa biyar wanda yayi kama da silinda daga waje. Tana kan yankin Jami'ar Vienna. A tsakanin mazauna gari, ana kiran wannan hasumiyar da "Rum Baba" saboda tana kama da wannan irin kek din a yanayin da ba a saba gani ba.
Kowane bene na ginin farfajiyar faɗi ce, a garesu akwai ƙofofin zuwa ƙananan ɗakuna da taga mai kunkuntar. Tsarin yana da kambin katako.
Tarihin wannan hasumiyar yana da alaƙa da sunan Emperor Joseph II, wanda a ƙarshen karni na 18 ya ba da umarnin a sake gina tsohon ginin kuma a can aka kafa wani sabon asibiti na zamani don waɗancan lokutan. Da farko, hasumiyar ta yi aiki a lokaci guda a matsayin asibiti, asibitin haihuwa da kuma mahaukaciyar mafaka, amma daga baya ya zama gidan makoki na musamman, ma'ana, an ba da shi gaba ɗaya ga bukatun kula da masu tabin hankali.
Hauka a wancan lokacin ya kasance a matsayin matakin ci gaba - a zahiri, asibiti ya zama wurin tsare marasa lafiya marasa galihu. An ɗaure masu tashin hankali, yayin da sauran ke yawo a cikin titunan. Unguwannin ba su da kofofi, ginin ba shi da ruwan sha, tunda a wancan lokacin ana daukar ruwa a matsayin mai hadari ga masu tabin hankali.
Saboda karancin nishadi a waccan lokacin, taron masu neman sani sun kewaye gidan mahaukatan, kuma don kare marasa lafiya daga masu kallo, an killace wawayen wajan da bango. Ginin ma sananne ne saboda gaskiyar cewa, ta hanyar umarnin Joseph II, an sanya ɗaya daga cikin sandunan farko na walƙiya ba a Austria kawai ba, har ma a duniya. Malaman tarihi sun ba da shawarar cewa, makasudin kafa shi shi ne kokarin amfani da fitowar walƙiya don magance cutar tabin hankali.
A tsakiyar karni na 19, Hasumiyar Wawaye a Vienna ta zama wurin tsare mahaukata, wadanda aka dauke su marasa fata, kuma wadanda aka yi kokarin warkar da su an sauya su zuwa wani sabon asibiti. Kuma a cikin 1869 an rufe wannan mafakar don mahaukaci, kuma shekaru 50 masu zuwa hasumiyar ba komai.
A farkon karni na 20, an ba da ginin babu komai ga dakin kwanan likitocin asibitin garin na Vienna, daga baya kuma akwai shagunan magunguna, bita, da kuma dakin hada magunguna na likitoci. Kuma a cikin 1971, an canza Hasumiyar Wawaye zuwa yankin ikon Jami'ar Vienna, an buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya na cuta a ciki, kuma mafi girma tarin ba kawai a cikin Ostiriya ba, har ma a duk duniya, suna wakiltar kowane irin cuta da nakasa da jikin mutum.
Me za'a iya gani a ciki
Collectionarin, wanda ya kafa tushen tona gidan kayan tarihin, wanda ke aiki a Hasumiyar Mahaukaci, an fara tattara shi a ƙarshen karni na 18 ta hannun ɗan masanin Joseph Pasqual Ferro. Babban likitan asibitin Vienna City Johann Peter Frank ne ya gaje shi, wanda ya kafa cibiyar farko da gidan kayan gargajiya na ilimin halittar jikin dan adam a Austria. Tun daga wannan lokacin, tarin ya karu zuwa nune-nunen 50,000.
Fiye da ƙarni biyu, likitocin Austriya, likitocin masara da masana kimiyya ke tattara abubuwan nunin da suka cika ɗakuna da yawa na Hasumiyar Mahaukata a Vienna a yau. An sake tattara wannan tarin musamman da karimci yayin lokutan annoba waɗanda suke yawan faruwa a wancan lokacin. Don ƙararrawa da raunin zuciya, ziyartar zauren gidan kayan gargajiya na iya haifar da motsin rai da yawa. Waɗanda suka je Kunstkammer na St. Petersburg na iya yin tunanin abubuwan da ke cikin wannan tarin sauƙi.
Ana gabatar da kowane irin ɓarna na gabobi daban-daban a nan, duka a cikin ɗumbin ɗumbin kakin zuma da kuma shirye-shiryen giya. Za ku ga abin da ba kowane masanin ilimin ɗan adam ke kulawa da tunani a cikin aikin sa ba: 'yan tayi da jarirai da kowane irin nakasa, gabobin da ke fama da munanan cututtuka, helminth da sauran abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da abubuwan mamaki.
Hakanan akwai kayan aikin tiyata daga zamani daban-daban, waɗanda suka yi kama da kayan azabtarwa, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don gano asalin wannan reshe na magani. Hakanan zaka iya ganin kujeru na hakori da na mata da sauran kayan aikin ofisoshin likita na da.
Anan kuma zaku iya fahimtar tarihin ban mamaki na Hasumiyar Wawaye da kuma yanayin rashin mutuntaka na tsare mutane masu tabin hankali, bincika wuraren da suka fi kama da ɗakunan kurkuku, tare da sarƙoƙin mutane waɗanda suke nuna marasa lafiya marasa kyau. Akwai dakin ajiyar gawarwaki wanda aka sake kirkirarsa a cikin dukkanin abubuwan da ke faruwa da kuma wurin aiki na likitan cututtukan.
An hana ɗaukar hotuna da yin bidiyo a zauren gidan kayan gargajiya. Amma duk wanda yake son sabunta abin da ya gani a ƙwaƙwalwar sa lokaci-lokaci zai iya siyan kundin kayan tarihi na kayan tarihin tare da hotunan launi.
Bayani mai amfani
Gidan Tarihi na Pathological na Vienna, wanda aka sani a Austria a matsayin Hasumiyar Wawaye, yana kusa da tsakiyar Vienna, a filin jami'a.
Adireshin da yadda za'a isa wurin
Jan hankalin ya kasance a: Spitalgasse 2, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Hanya mafi sauƙi don zuwa can ita ce ta hanyar metro, ɗaukar layin U2 zuwa tashar Schottentor. Hakanan zaka iya ɗaukar tram ɗin kewaye da madauki zuwa tashar Votivkirche sannan kuma tafiya ɗan tafiya kaɗan.
Lokacin aiki
Hasumiyar Mahaukaci (Vienna, Austria) a buɗe take ga jama'a kwanaki uku kawai a mako:
- Laraba 10-18
- Alhamis 10-13
- Asabar 10-13
Nemo Farashin kuɗi ko ajiyar kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom
Ziyarci kudin
Farashin tikitin shiga shine € 2, yana ba ku damar duba mai zaman kansa ne kawai a cikin ɗakunan bene na farko. Ga wadanda suke son kallon sauran baje kolin tare da jagorar yawon shakatawa, farashin tikitin zai zama € 4 ga kowane mutum.
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da Hasumiyar Wauta a Austriya a kan tashar yanar gizon Pathological Museum Vienna: www.nhm-wien.ac.at/en/museum.
Ziyarci gidan tarihi na Austriya Pathological Museum, wanda ke cikin ginin gine-ginen tarihi da tarihin Vienna, wanda aka sani da Hasumiyar Wawaye, baya bada garantin motsin rai. Amma babu wata shakka cewa ba ta bar kowa ba.