Cacti: nau'ikan, kula da gida, kiwo, shawara da cututtuka
Cactus sanannen nau'in tsire-tsire ne na gida. Ana samun furen a kusan kowane gida, kuma idan ya zo wuraren da suke son tsire-tsire na cikin gida, cacti suna nan da yawa. Kulawa da gida don cacti yana da sauƙi da sauƙi kamar yadda ya yiwu.
Tsire-tsire daga dangin kakakus dangin 2 dubu, wanda ya banbanta:
- girma;
- launi;
- tsari.
Cacti succulents ne. Suna adana ruwa da abinci mai gina jiki albarkacin yadudduka na musamman. An rarraba shi a wurare tare da yanayin bushe da bushe, inda hazo ke da wuya.
Wannan fasalin fa'ida ce, tunda dukiyar riƙe ruwa tana sa sauƙin kulawa. Daga cikin wasu masu nasara, shuke-shuke kamar:
- Bishiyar Kudi;
- aloe.
Tsire-tsire suna da sauƙin kulawa kuma baya buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai.
Wani mahimmin halayen succulents shine daidaitawar su. Sun dace da kowane yanayi, suna da ƙarfi kuma basa ɓoyewa, koda kuwa mai shi ya manta dasu shekaru da yawa, wanda baza'a iya faɗi akan Croton ba.
Cacti baya buƙatar hasken wuta koyaushe ko yanayin yanayin zazzage mai karko. Abinda kawai zai iya shafar mummunan yanayin shine damuwar da ke faruwa sakamakon sakaci. Don kauce wa wannan, tsaya ga dokokin.
Kula da cacti a gida
Kula da fure abu ne mai sauki idan kun bi ƙa'idojin da suka danganci ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau. Kula da:
- zafin jiki da hasken rana;
- shayarwa;
- yanayin ƙasa;
- ciyarwa da dasawa.
Zazzabi da hasken rana
Yawancin succulents kamar haske da dumi, duk da haka, wannan baya nufin cewa yakamata a sanya murtsunguwar a cikin rana. Matsar da shi zuwa inuwa lokaci-lokaci, in ba haka ba zai ƙone. A cikin daji, cacti yana girma a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi ko dogayen daji, amma akwai nau'ikan da ke cikin rana, wanda ba ya cutar da su. Matsayi mafi kyau shine yanayin dumi mai dumi. A ranaku masu zafi, cire a inuwa, kuma bayan zafin ya lafa, koma ga haske.
Daidaita yawan zafin rana daga rana gwargwadon shekarunka. Kiyaye yara a rana ƙasa da manya.
Shayarwa
Shuke-shuke ba sa son yawan danshi. Wannan a bayyane yake saboda cacti yana dacewa da yanayin zafi da bushe. Ruwa kadan, kuma bayan shayar, ka tabbata kasar ta bushe gaba daya. Abu ne mai sauki ka duba yanayin kasar gona - sanya ashana ko sanda a ciki. Na farko 3 cm ya kamata ya bushe. Kawai sai a sake shayar da tsiron. Yi la'akari da halaye na ƙasa. Wasu lokuta busassun ƙasa suna tare ruwa kuma baya sha. Yi amfani da tiren tukunya wanda zai ba da izinin ciyar da asalinsu.
Ana buƙatar mafi yawan adadin ruwa don cacti yayin furanni ko yayin girma mai aiki. Yawanci, haɓaka yana farawa daga bazara kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen bazara. A cikin hunturu da kaka, kada ku damu da shayarwa tunda ba dole bane.
A lokacin bazara da hunturu, ruwa kowane sati 3-4, kuma adadin ruwa ya zama karami kawai don jika kasar. Babu shakka, a cikin waɗannan lokutan, kula da cacti ya zama sauƙi.
Ka tuna, amfani da tukwanen da basu da ramin magudanar ruwa, haifar da danshi mai yawa ga shuka kuma zai mutu.
Firamare
Don shuke-shuke, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da nau'ikan ƙasa masu sauƙi. Cikakken tubalin ya dace a hade tare da tukunyar tukunyar tarko. Yi amfani da:
- tsakuwa;
- rubles
- ire-iren ƙasa.
Don tsire-tsire na cikin gida, yi amfani da 1/3 na guntun bulo daga 2/3 na ƙasar tukunyar ƙasa. Idan tsire-tsire suna a waje, ƙara ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa zuwa 1 zuwa 1 don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau.
Shagunan lambu suna sayar da murtsun man faranti. Lokacin zabar, yi la’akari da yanayin girma da tsufa.
Plearin cika taki
Ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da takin zamani, tunda girma yana faruwa ba tare da su ba. Ina ba da shawarar ƙara takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa, kamar yadda yake a game da dracaena, yayin lokacin girma. Yi amfani da takin gida da takin gargajiya. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine takin mai magani a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan tasirin yanayin ƙasa kuma suna ciyar da abubuwa masu amfani.
Nasihun Bidiyo
Canja wurin
Yawancin masu ba da taimako suna da tsarin tushe na sama, wanda yake da mahimmanci yayin dasawa. Ina baku shawara da ku dasa cactus a cikin tukunyar da ta banbanta da wacce ta gabata ta girma. Bayan dasawa, kada a shayar da furen kwanaki da yawa, wanda zai kunna ajiyar danshi ya kuma warkar da asalin da ya lalace. Bayan dasawa, bana bada shawarar sanya tukunyar a hasken rana kai tsaye. Kara yawan ruwa da hasken rana a hankali.
Iri-iri
Cacti ya kasu kashi biyu:
- gandun daji;
- hamada
Ana iya amfani da wakilan nau'ikan biyu azaman tsire-tsire na cikin gida, tunda kowannensu yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan da zasu dace da duk wani tarin gida. Hamada cacti tsire-tsire ne masu ƙayoyi waɗanda suke girma a yankuna masu bushewa. Cacti na gandun daji yana girma a cikin dazuzzuka a cikin canjin yanayin zafi da na wurare masu zafi. Wakilan nau'ikan iri biyu suna da kyawawan furanni, amma sun bambanta a cikin halayen girma da kulawa.
Jejin cacti
Desert cacti suna shahara don sauƙin kulawa da kiwo. Duk da cewa da yawa suna ɗaukar irin wannan tsiron a matsayin mara daɗi da haɗari saboda ƙaya, Na lura cewa yayin fure sun zama kyawawa masu ban mamaki. Furen farko sun bayyana shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki. Ga wasu nau'in, lokaci yakan jinkirta.
Hasken wuta
Abubuwan da ke tasiri ga lafiya shine haske. Desert cacti na bukatar hasken rana. Kasance mai wayo game da haske, kuma kar a barshi cikin rana na dogon lokaci. A hankali a hankali "taurare" shuka, a barshi a rana ya fi tsayi.
Cacti yayi girma sosai a yanayin zafin jiki na digiri 21 da ƙarancin zafi. A lokacin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki ya sauka zuwa digiri + 13. Mahalli na yau da kullun yana samar da yanayin zafi mai yawa a rana da ƙasa da dare.
Shayarwa
Ana aiwatar da ruwa ne kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe zuwa zurfin santimita uku daga farfajiya. Zai fi kyau a dasa a cikin tukwane magudanan ruwa na musamman don inganta yanayin yawo a cikin ƙasa da haɓaka ƙwarin iska. Dasa shi a cikin wata sabuwar tukunyar ba safai ba, tun da yake murtsatsi ya tsiro a hankali. Amfani da kananan tukwane zai hanzarta fure.
Kuskuren kiwo
Daga cikin kura-kuran da masu keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓu ke yi akwai ruwa mai yawa a lokacin hunturu. A lokacin sanyi, kusan ba sa buƙatar ruwa, kuma ana yin shayarwa a ƙaramin adadin don hana ƙasa da asalinsu bushewa.
Saboda yawan ruwa, saiwayoyin suka rube, kuma idan aikin ya fara, ina bada shawarar fara noman sabuwar shuka ta amfani da tsohuwar tsohuwar. Idan babu harbe, a jefar da murtsunguwa, tunda saboda ruɓewa ba zai iya girma da furanni ba kuma zai mutu.
Daji cacti
Cacti na gandun daji na kowa ne a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. Suna girma akan wasu tsire-tsire. An san nau'ikan gandun daji saboda launuka masu motsi. A hanyoyi da yawa, suna kama da kulawa da nau'in hamada, amma akwai bambance-bambance da yakamata kuyi la'akari dasu don kiwo.
Haske da zazzabi
Hasken ya kamata ya zama mai haske, amma ba cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, don haka a lokacin bazara, saka su a sararin sama a cikin wuri mai haske, amma ba cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Yayin girma, ana buƙatar ƙaramin zafin jiki, kuma a lokacin rashin aiki, babban zazzabi.
Shayarwa
Ina baku shawara ku sha ruwa sau da yawa, musamman kafin kuyi furanni. A lokacin baccin, ruwa da zarar ƙasa ta bushe zuwa taɓawa. Daidaitaccen abin da ake yin tukunya ya dace da ƙasa. Dasa kafin kakar girma.
Wace cacti ce ke tafiya tare da juna?
Akwai sanannen salo don shuka nau'ikan cacti daban-daban a cikin tukunya ɗaya. Ba abin mamaki bane, saboda launuka iri-iri da siffofi suna haifar da kyawawan abubuwa.
Cunkus na Opuntia
Wani sanannen nau'in da aka sani da kyawawan furanni da fruitsa fruitsan itacen da ake ci. Abubuwan Opuntia suna da ƙananan kuma an rufe su da ƙaya mai tsayi da yawa, ƙwanƙolin abin da ke haifar da daɗi mai zafi. Opuntia tana fure tare da furanni masu fararen dusar ƙanƙara, sannan bayan fure, fruitsa fruitsan itacen da ake ci na madaidaicin fasali su bayyana.
Sanya murtsunguwa a wuri mai haske, amma a lokacin zafi na bazara, ina ba da shawarar adana shi a cikin inuwa don guje wa ƙonewa. In ba haka ba, bukatun don kulawa iri ɗaya ne da na sauran nau'in.
Mammillaria
Na gaba mafi mashahuri Mammillaria. Tsire-tsire masu faɗi ne, ruwan hoda ƙananan furanni waɗanda suke a saman. Spines na Mammillaria na bakin ciki ne kuma suna da taushi. Akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, wanda yasa ya zama kamar gashi. Jinsin baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, kuma lokacin fure yana farawa tun yana ƙarami, wanda ya sa ya zama sananne. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa da suka bambanta a cikin tabarau na furanni da ƙaya.
Echinocactus
Mamallakin manyan furanni shine Echinocactus. Furanni daban-daban suna bayyana a cikin samari shuke-shuke. Furannin suna shunayya a saman. Tsayin shuke-shuke ya kai 45 cm.
Gymnocalcium
Wani shahararren nau'in da ke fure tun yana ƙuruciya. Girman suna ƙananan, godiya ga abin da Gymnocalcium ke da sauƙin adanawa kuma baya ɗaukar sarari da yawa. Furannin suna fari, ja ko ruwan hoda.
Saguaro
Wani nau'in da ke da tsari na musamman na rassa galibi yakan zama abin kulawa ga masoya baƙon yanayi. Mafi girman nau'in a cikin girman, kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi doka ta kiyaye shi. Saguaro yana goyan bayan mahimmin aiki na kwayoyin halitta, gami da tsuntsaye, saboda haka ana ɗaukarsa muhimmiyar shuka.
Kirsimeti
Wani jinsin halitta wanda yake sananne a dazuzzuka, tare da rassa masu fadi ba tare da ƙaya ba. Bugu da ƙari, yana buƙatar danshi, wanda yake na al'ada ga duk tsire-tsire masu zafi. Yana fure da launuka masu haske, saboda haka ana amfani da shi don ado na ciki.
Cututtukan cacti
Yi nazarin furannin gida akai-akai don ganin alamun cuta a kan lokaci.
Tabbatar cewa furen yana cikin mafi kyawun yanayin kiwo. Ana sayar da kayayyakin magani na musamman, wadanda aka tsara don lalata fungi da kwari - parasites.
Rotting
Ana ɗaukar Rotting a matsayin ainihin matsala ga masu shi. Yana faruwa ne saboda yawan ruwa. Cutar tana da sauƙin rarrabewa saboda bayyanar kayan kyallen duhu. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa a saman shuka, amma wani lokacin yana ruɓewa daga tushe.
Shuke-shuke
Lice na tsire-tsire, waɗanda galibi ana samunsu a cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida, suma suna da yawa a cikin cacti. Kwari suna taimakawa wajen bayyanar cututtukan fungal. Don kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ina ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan ƙwari.
Thrips
Thrips kwari ne masu tashi kasa da girman milimita. Suna shafar launi ta hanyar ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki. Don kawar da kayan kwalliya, yi amfani da magungunan kwari ko kwari na lambu.