Gano yadda pelargonium da geranium suka bambanta? Waɗanne nau'ikan da nau'ikan akwai?
Yawancin masoya tsire-tsire na cikin gida har yanzu bisa kuskure suna kiran tsire-tsire masu kamshi tare da manya-manyan umbellate inflorescences geraniums. Ainihin sunan wannan furen shine Pelargonium. Can baya a karni na 17, masanin kimiyyar kasar Holland Johannes Burman ya gabatar da hasashen cewa geraniums tare da pelargonium tsirrai ne masu banbanci, duk da cewa kamanninsu suna kama da juna.
Babban kamanceceniyarsu shine sun fito daga gida daya - geraniums. Iyalinsu sun hada da nau'ikan 5 na tsirrai da fiye da nau'ikan 800. Pelargonium shine mafi yawa, sananne kuma sananne. Zamu duba dalilin da yasa sunan rikicewa ya taso da kuma inda geranium da pelargonium suka fito a gidajenmu.
Menene Geranium?
NASIHA! Sunan geranium yana da asalin Helenanci, Geranium (crane), kuma saboda gaskiyar cewa fruitsa fruitsan itacen bishiyar suna kama da kamannin kai da buɗe baki na wani ƙirar. Lokacin da ya nuna, ƙwaya daga cikin thea fruitan ina fruitan tana buɗewa ta wata hanya daban, ta rarraba tare tsawon.
A cikin Jamus, ana kiran geraniums Storchschnäbe (hanci na stork), a Ingila da Amurka, Cranesbil (crane). Wannan tsiron ya yadu a dukkan sassan Turai, Rasha da Caucasus. Geranium an mamaye shi a cikin Ingila tun daga tsakiyar ƙarni na 17; ya bayyana a cikin Rasha a farkon ƙarni na 18. Sannan tsiron ya bazu sosai yayin ci gaban Caucasus a farkon karni na 19.
Propagated by tsaba da kuma vegetatively (varietal geraniums). Akwai nau'o'in ciyawa da na rabin-shrub. Soilasar ta fi dacewa sako-sako da, da kyau-drained. Yana girma a kan acidic, dan kadan acidic da kasa tsaka-tsaki. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, geraniums suna da juriya da inuwa, suna daidaitawa da lamuran yanayi kuma suna girma cikin buɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa.
Peduncles tare da furanni 1-3, babba da kyau. Furannin suna a bude a cikin jirgi tare da ƙananan filaye guda biyar. Petals iri daya ne, kusan zagaye ne. Akwai stamens 10, duk an haɓaka, tare da wasu. Launi fari ne, rawaya, ja, purple, shuɗi da violet a cikin tabarau daban-daban.
Kyakkyawan iri:
- na kwazazzabo;
- Oxford;
- Jojiyanci.
Ganye a kan petioles a cikin nau'ikan da yawa suna da laushi-gashi.
A wannan yanayin, rarraba geranium ganye:
- Yatsa
- Yatsun yatsu.
- Cirrus tare da takaddun bayanan 3-5 (ba safai ba).
Ko da mai sana'ar sayar da furanni ya sani game da geraniums. Kuma da wuya, wa zai ƙi irin wannan kyakkyawa a kan tagogin windows ko kuma a lambun. Yana da fa'idodi da yawa masu amfani da magani kuma ba shi da matukar wahala cikin nome da kulawa. Amma kafin fara shuki ko kiwo na geraniums, yakamata kuyi karatun ta natsu da kyau game da duk dabaru da nuances na wannan al'amari. Kuma don ta faranta maka rai na dogon lokaci tare da fitowar ta mai haske da haske, karanta bayanai masu amfani game da cututtukan tsire-tsire da hanyoyin kawar da su.
Menene Pelargonium?
Daga Girkanci Pelargos (stork), shi ma ya samo sunanta ne daga siffar 'ya'yan itace cikakke. Ba mamaki geranium da pelargonium sun fito daga dangin geranium daya. Ba kamar geraniums ba, pelargonium yana da asalin yanayin zafi na Afirka ta Kudu. Tsirrai ne mai son haske da fari. Yana da kyau a ba ta wuri mafi haske a cikin ɗakin, windows ɗin suna fuskantar kudu, kudu maso yamma.
Magana! A lokacin rani, ana iya amfani da furanni don yin ado a baranda, veranda, sills na taga, akwatinan fure. Yana fure daga bazara zuwa Nuwamba, yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da yankakku. Ba ya hibernate a waje ba. Ganyayyaki masu sauki ne, kamar yatsan hannu ko kuma rarraba-yatsa.
An tattara furanni a cikin 'yan kaɗan inflorescences umbellate. An rarraba su cikin daji (lush, low) da ampelous (masu rarrafe kamar itacen inabi, ivy tare da dogon harbe). Pelargoniums suna tare da inflorescences mai haske kuma suna da ƙanshi, tare da ganyayyaki mai ƙanshi.
Mafi shahararrun bishiyoyin daji:
- Yankin (iyaka kusa da gefen furen).
- Royal (manyan furanni).
Yankin sunfi kowa (nau'ikan dubu 75) kuma sun kasu zuwa:
rosaceous;
- mai siffa irin tulip;
- lalata;
- stellate;
- murtsatsi;
- dikononi.
Mafi yawan nau'in pelargonium wanda ba a saba da shi ba shine mai dadi. Sun kasu kashi biyu:
- Maganin pelargonium.
- Tsallakewa.
- M-tushe.
- Fluffy.
- Mai jiki.
- Wani kuma.
- Cortex-ya ƙare.
Menene bambanci?
Wadannan jinsunan biyu galibi suna rikicewa kuma ana kiransu geraniums bisa kuskure, tsire-tsire masu kamshi na yau da kullun tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin gidajenmu, wanda shine ainihin pelargonium. Bambancin ra'ayi da sunan pelargonium ya fara ne a tsakiyar karni na 18 (a shekara ta 1738), lokacin da a Holland masanin ilimin tsirrai Johannes Burman ya ba da shawarar raba pelargonium zuwa jinsin na daban.
A Sweden, Karl Linnaeus masanin kimiyyar halitta ya kirkiro da nasa tsarin tsara jinsuna kuma ya hade jinsinsu zuwa ga gama gari. Kamanceceniya tsakanin geranium da pelargonium an bayyana a cikin tsarin kwayar zuriya. Yana da wata siffa ta musamman a cikin sifar kawunan gogewa da bakin burodin buɗe ido.
Mahimmanci! Iyalin geraniums duka, amma ba shi yiwuwa a ƙetare su. Akwai dangin 5 a cikin dangin geranium, wanda mafi shahara shine Pelargonium, mafi girman kuma mafi girma Geranium. Geranium ya shahara a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Don geraniums, yanayin Yankin emasashen Arewa asalinsa ne kuma baya buƙatar tsari don lokacin hunturu. Girma a cikin lambuna, yana jure yanayin ƙarancin zafi, na iya yin fure a 12 ° C.
An samo shi a cikin makiyaya, gandun daji da fadama. Soasa na tsakiyar layin sun dace da ita. Geranium yana da furanni guda, wanda a ciki akwai petals 5, ƙasa da sau 8. Manyan fure iri ɗaya, girma, launi suna ko'ina, daidai tsari. 10 stamens, duk tare da anthers.
Launuka a cikin yanayi shuɗi-shuɗi ne da shunayya; kiwo: fari, kodadde ruwan hoda, Crimson. Inuwar Scarlet ba safai ba. Pelargonium 'yar asalin Afirka ta Kudu ce kuma ta saba da haskoki masu zafi da kuma yanayi mai ƙarancin kudu. Sabili da haka, pelargonium ya fi na tsire-tsire, thermophilic.
Ya faɗi albarkatun ado da inflorescences na lush. Ba ya jure wa yanayin hunturu a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, mai saurin yanayin sanyi. An tattara furanni a cikin manyan inflorescences. Petals suna nan asymmetrically, na sama guda biyu daban suke. Akwai stamens 7, sauran basu ci gaba ba. Launuka: fari, kodadde ruwan hoda, ja. An bred iri-iri launuka, a cikin abin da fure tare da bambancin maki da shanyewar jiki (haskoki).
Photo: menene bambanci
A cikin wadannan hotunan zaku iya ganin menene banbanci tsakanin geranium da pelargonium:
Yaya nau'ikan da nau'ikan tsire-tsire na ciki da na waje: suna da kwatancin
Duba wadanne irin geraniums ne:
| Jinsi na Geranium | Bayani | Iri-iri |
| Gandun daji | Bushy perennial shuka har zuwa 80 cm a tsawo. Ganye masu haƙoron haƙori ne, mai kashi bakwai. Furanni da yawa a buɗe. | Birch lilac, Mayflower, Wannerii |
| Makiyaya | Fure mai ruwan hoda mai furanni mai zagaye. An bar ganye sosai, dabino. Tallananan dogaye kaɗan. | Flore pleno, Jirgin sama na bazara, Baƙin kyakkyawa |
| Fadama | Babban. Perennial, sassa biyar, ganye biyu masu girma a kowane inflorescence. Ya fi son rana, wurare masu laima (bankunan jikin ruwa) | Palustre |
| Himalayan (lambun, mai fure-fure) | Sanar da ƙananan daji na 40-50 cm. Ganye kewaye har zuwa 10 cm, ba daidai ba rarraba cikin lobes biyar. Manyan furanni. | Gravetye, Plenum, Derrick Cook |
| Jinin ja | Gandun daji mai faɗi. Knotty jiki rhizome. A lokacin kaka, wasu daga cikin ganyayyaki sun juye ja-ja, wasu sun kasance kore a cikin hunturu. | Striatum, Lancastriense, Tsarin mulki |
| Renard (launin toka, ciyawa) | Shekararre tare da mai tushe 1-2 mai tsayi 20-25 cm high .. Zaitun koren ganye (6-9 cm) suna da kashi biyar zuwa rabi. Kodattsen fata tare da jijiyoyi masu haske. | Zetterlund, Philip Vapelle |
| Na kwazazzabo (lush) | Bridwararren ofasar Jojiya da kuma geraniums mai-ganye. Kirkiro daji mai dausayi mai tsawon 50-60 cm. Yagged ganye tare da gefen. | Mrs. Kendall Clark, Rosemoore, Hasken Haske |
| Roberta | Tsarin shekara-shekara 20-30 cm tsayi. Haske kore, ganye mai ƙarfi raba. Smallananan ƙananan (2 cm) furanni masu ruwan hoda akan dogayen kaɗa. | Robertianum |
| Babban-rhizome (Balkan) | Rhizome mai kauri (1.5 cm a diamita) rassan tare da ƙasa. Ya fi ƙuruciya ƙanana, yana yin shrub har zuwa tsawon cm 30. Manyan koren manya (6-10 cm) ganye. Mai zurfin rarraba, elongated-taso keya. | Spessart, Ingwersen iri-iri, Ingwersen, Czakor, Variegata |
| Red-kasa-kasa. | Mai inuwa mai jurewa, mai siffa (70-80 cm tsayi). Ganyayyaki suna da launin shuɗi, a lokacin rani tare da tsarin shunayya. Furanni ƙananan ne (2 cm) a launi mai launi mai duhu. | Samabor, Lokacin bazara, |
| Ash (launin toka, launin toka). | (Ananan (10-15 cm) daji tare da launin launin toka-kore mai ganye tare da lobes 5-7. Fure mai ƙyalƙyali tare da jijiyoyin da ke bambanta da ido mai duhu a tsakiyar. | Ballerina, Purpureum, Splendens |
| Jojiyanci. | Girma a cikin ciyawar subalpine. Yana samar da daji mai tsawon shekaru 60-80. Ganyen yana zagaye, petals suna da sifa. | Ibericum, Jonsons Shuɗi |
| Armeniyanci (ƙananan-kwayar halitta, mai baƙi mai ido). | Yana samar da tsire-tsire mai tsayi har zuwa 60 cm tsayi. Fure mai haske mai haske tare da kusan baƙar fata. | Patricia |
| Lebur-karama. | Babban tsayi shrub 60-70 cm a diamita ya kai cm 100. Blue-kore taso keya ganye. Fetur ɗin suna da faɗi, mai kama da sifa. | Platypetalum |
| Endris | Tsarin daji na tsaka-tsakin matsakaici (40-50 cm). Ganye mai duhu. Pinkananan ruwan hoda (3-3.5 cm) furanni | Betty Catchpole, Idon Mai gani |
Haɗu da nau'in pelargonium:
| Nau'in Pelargonium | Bayani | Iri-iri |
| Shiyyoyi | A wani ɗan nisa daga gefen takardar, tsiri ya wuce, wanda ya raba farantin zanen zuwa yanki biyu na tabarau daban-daban. Tsarin hatimi har zuwa 1.5 m, dwarf har zuwa cm 20. Furanni: biyu, Semi-biyu, mai sauƙi, mai kama da tauraruwa, murtsunguwa. | Misis Pollock, Tunani Mai Farin Ciki, Toscana |
| Ivy (thyroid) | Ampel shuke-shuke. Ganye suna da yawa, kore mai duhu, mai sheki, wani lokacin tare da iyaka mai haske kewaye gefuna. An tattara inflorescences a cikin goga. Furanni biyu ne, Semi-biyu, masu sauƙi. | Amethyst, Cascade pink, Guguwar Fuchsia |
| Mai kamshi (magani). | Ganye tare da kamshi: fure, mint, lemo, lemu, tuffa, kwaya, ginger, kirfa, apricot, verbena. Ganyayyaki suna yankewa sosai ko kuma suna da ƙyalli a gefen gefen. Inflorescences mai kama da laima. Launi na furanni: fari, ruwan hoda, ja, shunayya. Bush 90 cm tsayi da sama. | Mebel launin toka, pepermint na Islington, Mai rawa rawa |
| Royal (babba mai fure, Ingilishi). | Furannin suna da girma, suna corrugated. Har zuwa 5 cm a diamita. Ganyayyaki kanana ne da gefen hakora, na balaga. Bush har zuwa tsawon 60 cm. Ricwarewa a cikin kulawa. Launi: fari, kifi, lilac, burgundy, ja. | Cherie, Hazel Heather, Candy furannin bicolor |
| Hybrid (mala'iku, masu lalata). | Suna kama da fanfo. Ketare fure-fure mai kamshi mai kamshi. Suna fure na dogon lokaci, ganyen suna da kamshi, suna da kamshi. | Lara Susan, Furedi Candy mai duhu ja, Idon Mala'ikan Orange |
| Mai cin nasara | Kwarjin yana da ikon yin juyi, shi yasa ake amfani da wannan nau'in don bonsai. | Schizopetalum, Gibbosum Maroon, Auritum carneum |
| Musamman | Ganyen da aka rarraba tare da ƙananan ƙanshi. Furannin suna kama da jinsin masarauta, amma karami. Tsayi mai tsayi. | Paton na musamman |
Kamar yadda kake gani, geranium da pelargonium ba abu ɗaya bane. Suna da sauƙin rarrabewa da juna ta hanyar fasalin furanni da ƙananan maganganu na yau da kullun. Yanayin girma da suke buƙata ya banbanta, domin geranium daga Arewa yake, kuma pelargonium ɗan kudu ne. Geranium ya dace da shimfidar ƙasa da lambuna, yayin da pelargonium mai kyau ne ga ɗakuna, baranda da verandas na bazara.