Yadda ake shuka gloxinia daga ganye?
Brazil ita ce mahaifar fure mai ban mamaki wacce a baya ake samunta kawai a cikin hamada, wurare masu zafi da kuma subtropics. Bayanin farko na gloxinia ya kasance daga masanin botan na kasar BP Gloxin a farkon karni na 18.
Bayan ƙarni ɗaya, ta sami kanta a ƙasashen Turai da yawa. Masu kiwo sun gudanar da aikin duniya don wannan kyakkyawar wakilin gidan Gesneriev ya ƙawata filayen taga, kuma ba mahalli da lambuna kawai ba.
A yau, yawancin masoya fure suna shuka gloxinia a gida har ma suna yada shi daga ganye. Shin yana da wahala?
Menene?
Sunan tsirrai na Gloxinia shine Sinningia, kuma masu shuka suna kiran shi Gloxinia. Dalilin bayyanar sunan tsirrai na ban mamaki shine ci gaba a cikin litattafan ilimin tsirrai na aikin W. Sinning (darektan gonar a Jami'ar Bonn), wanda ya tsunduma cikin aikin kiwo tare da sa hannun ta.
Gloxinia tana da furanni masu kama da ƙararrawa.... Dangane da nau'in, suna terry ko sauki. Tsarin launi na buds ya bambanta. Wasu wakilai suna da ruɓaɓɓen gefuna a kan furannin, yayin da wasu ke da bambanci.
Bambance-bambance tsakanin nau'ikan gloxinia sun ta'allaka ne ba kawai akan abubuwan da aka lissafa a sama ba. Duk furannin suna da diamita da siffofi daban-daban. Hakanan za'a iya faɗi ga filayen fure da ganyaye.
Hanyoyin haifuwa
Akwai hanyoyin kiwo masu zuwa:
- iri;
- rabo daga tuber;
- ana iya dasa shi tare da yankan ganye.
Da yardar masu furanni suna shuka tsaba... Akwai dalilai kan haka. Wannan hanyar kiwo tana da wahala. Gaban lokaci - a ƙarshen bazara da kaka, an shirya cakuda ƙasa. Ana yin sa ne daga peat, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi (1: 1: 1). Ana zuba shi cikin ƙananan kwalaye masu faɗi.
Bayan shirya ƙasa, ana sanya su a wuri mai dumi da haske. A watan Nuwamba, ana shuka iri, wanda ake shayar dasu akai akai da ruwan dumi. Sprouts ya bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3, kuma bayan bayyanar ganye 2, suna nutsewa, suna zaune a nesa da mm 20 daga juna.
Anyi zaba na biyu lokacin da ganye na uku suka bayyana - 50 mm. Lokaci ya yi da za a zabi na uku: tsirrai sun riga sun bunkasa kuma suna tsoma baki tare da ci gaban juna. An kara nisa zuwa 10 cm.
Don yada tsire-tsire tare da yankakken ganye, zaɓi ganye masu dacewazuwa tare da petiole 10 mm. An dasa su a cikin cakuda ƙasa ta musamman da aka kafa daga yashi da peat (1: 0.5).
Bayan an shirya kasar gona, yankan ya kafe, an shayar dashi an rufe shi da kwalba. Sau ɗaya a rana, ana cire gwangwani na kwata na awa ɗaya, saboda haka yin iska.
Tare da wannan narkewar, bayan makonni 2.5-3, tubers zai bayyana a ƙarshen ƙarshen dasa da aka dasa a ƙasa. An dasa su a kananan tukwane, kuma bayan wasu yan watanni suna jin dadin yalwar furannin gloxinia.
Yada yaduwar kwayoyi hanya ce mai hatsarin gaske.
Gogaggen masu noman fure sun san wannan. Wani lokaci ana rufa ruɓa a kan tuber, kuma daga baya suna mamakin dalilin da yasa matashin shuka ya mutu.
Yana da kyau a duba tubers a hankali, yanke rubewa idan ya cancanta, kuma bayan bayyanar tsiro-santimita 2, raba su da wuka mai kaifi kuma yayyafa yankan da carbon mai aiki. Kowane yanki an dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban, kuma ana aiwatar da ruwan farko kwanaki 3 bayan dasa shi.
Shin zaka iya bunkasa ta haka?
Haka ne, idan kuna da ƙwanƙwasawa na 2-4 cm. Bayan tushen sun bayyana, ana dasa shukar a cikin ƙasa.
Ayyukan fasali
Ba duk tsirrai ake siya a shagunan filawa ba. Wasu lokuta zaka iya "satar" su daga aboki ko abokin gida. Don yin wannan, sai su yaga ganye, sannan su dasa shi. Ana yin wannan tare da gloxinia.
Idan anyi daidai, to kyau zai daɗe. Ana ɗaukar ganye don yaduwa yayin samari kuma a yanke bayan ƙwayayen sun bayyana. Tsawon petiole lokacin da aka yanka ya zama 3 cm... Idan baka sa shi a ruwa akan lokaci ba, zai bushe.
Horarwa
Shin zai yiwu nan da nan dasa ganye tare da makama a cikin ƙasa? Iya. A wannan yanayin, shukar zata ba da tushen tuni a tukunya. Akwai wata hanyar da tushen suka bayyana.
Ana sanya ganyen a cikin karamin gilashi, wanda za a zuba tafasasshen ruwa a ciki. Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, masu noman fure suna aiki kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, watau an dasa ganye kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. An raba takardar da aka yanke zuwa sassa 2-3.
An dasa shi a cikin wani ɗan ƙarami mai ƙanshi.... Ana yin sa ne daga peat, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi (1: 1: 0.5). Zai fi kyau kada a cika shi da allurai, saboda in ba haka ba kasar ba zata zama mai numfashi da sako-sako ba. Hakanan ya fi kyau a kashe shi a gaba ta hanyar siyan magungunan Maxim da narkar da shi kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin umarnin.
Saukowa
Yadda ake shuka daidai? Kowane ganye ya kamata a saka shi a cikin kofi mai yarwa wanda aka cika shi da mataccen ɗan ruwa mai ɗan kaɗan. Sannan sai su rufe ta da lemun roba don ƙasa ta rasa danshi a hankali. Ba kwa buƙatar shayarwa idan kun rufe kowane kofi a tam.
Yana da kyau kar a sake a taba gloxinia.don haka harbewar samari ya bayyana akan gutsutsuren. Wannan zai faru ne kawai bayan wata daya da rabi. Da zaran an fara harbe-harbe na farko, ana dasa su cikin ƙasa don furannin manya. Forasa don violets ya dace.
Ana sanya harbe a cikin karamin rami 1.5 cm daga gefen. Bayan an shayar da shi daga kwalbar fesawa, sai a sanya tukunyar gloxinia a jikin windowsill, wanda hasken rana kai tsaye zai fado.
Zaɓin tukunyar "dama"
Gloxinia ya fi kyau idan aka dasa shi a cikin abinci mai faɗi da zurfi... Idan tsiron yana matashi, diamita na tukunyar ya zama 7-10 cm Idan babba ne, to 11-15 cm.
An ba da izinin girma gloxinia a cikin filastik ko tukunyar yumbu.
Wace irin ƙasa ake buƙata?
An dasa Gloxinia a cikin ƙasa mai laushi wanda zai ba iska damar wucewa da kyau. Optarancinsa mafi kyau shine 6.5.
Yadda ake shuka?
Kuna iya dasa gloxinia tare da ganye ta zaɓi mafi ƙarancin. Bayan haka, suna yanke shi tare da jijiyoyi masu kauri. An yanke petiole, amma ba duka ba: an bar fiye da 2 cm. Don kauce wa matsaloli tare da yankewa tare da jijiyoyin, ɗauki wuka mai kaifi.
An dasa kayan a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa mai danshi, an rufe shi da tsare kuma ana jiran ganyen farko su bayyana.
Kulawar gida
Masu sayar da furanni suna la'akari da sauƙin kulawa ta gloxinia... Lokacin kulawa, dole ne kuyi la'akari da wasu sifofi. Yana da matukar mahimmanci rarrabe tsakanin bacci da yanayin girma. Da farkon bazara, ana sanya tukunyar a kan windowsill mai haske kuma ana shayar da ita sau da yawa.
Kuna iya shayar da tsire a cikin tire ko tukunya. Kada danshi ya hau kan furanni da ganye. Yawan shayarwa yana raguwa da farkon watan Agusta, kuma a watan Satumba an dakatar dashi gabadaya. Saboda rashin danshi, ganyen ya bushe. An yanke shukar gaba daya kuma an adana ta a cikin wuri mai duhu da sanyi.
Yawan shayarwa a cikin watannin hunturu sau ɗaya ne a kowane sati 3. Idan shayarwa ta yawaita, gloxinia zata sake yin fure, dole ne a sake datse duk hanyoyin da zafinsu.
Yaushe yake fure?
Yaushe irin wannan gloxinia zai yi fure? Idan kayi komai daidai, bayan gloxinia ya yawaita, toyayen farko zasu bayyana daga ganyen bayan watanni shida zuwa bakwai. A wannan lokacin, zai sami ganye 6-7 nau'i-nau'i.
Bidiyon da ke ƙasa yana bayanin yadda ake yada gloxinia tare da gutsuren ganye.
Kammalawa
Hakanan kyakkyawan gloxinia ya girma ne daga ganye... Haka kuma, kowane mai shuki yana da zaɓi na yadda zai aiwatar da tsare-tsarensa. Ana iya raba ganyen zuwa jijiyoyi, ko kuma za ku iya barin ƙananan tushe a kai, waɗanda za a iya kafe su da ruwa ko a ƙasa. Watanni shida bayan haka, matashiyar zata yi fure da kyau.