Nuances na kulawa da kayan daki a gida da kan titi - cikakken bayani game da hoto
Primula shukar shuka ce mai ban sha'awa, primrose, mai faranta ran ido a farkon bazara. Primrose ya girma a duk faɗin ƙasarmu: tsire-tsire, duk da asalin kudu, ba shi da kyau kuma yana iya jure yanayin sanyi.
Tsarin farko ya dace da noman cikin gida da noman lambu. A cikin labarin zamu sami masaniya game da abubuwan da ke tattare da kulawa da fure, gano a cikin wane yanayi primrose zai fi kyau, gano ainihin mahimman bayanai game da shayarwa, yankewa, hunturu wannan shuka.
Bayani
Magana! Primula tsire-tsire ne na dangi na farko. Akwai nau'in tsirrai da yawa - a yau masana kimiyya sun san kusan ɗari biyar. A cikin daji, ana iya samun fure a Kudancin da Arewacin Amurka, a tsaunukan Himalayas da Alps, Asia.
Lura cewa wannan tsiron yana fara farinciki da kyawunta ɗayan na farkon bazara - a zahiri, nan da nan, da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta narke.
Daga cikin nau'ikan wannan furen mai ban mamaki, akwai na shekara-shekara da na zamani. Kuma nau'ikan inuwar launukansa na ban mamaki kawai: kusan dukkan launuka na bakan gizo an wakilta.
Inflorescences suna da umbellate ko sura mai kama da buroshi, wani lokacin suma su kadaita ne. Don kyawawanta, kwalliya kuma a lokaci guda, rashin daidaituwa, ƙimar shuke-shuken masu darajar fure ne. Mun bayyana farkon farkon dalla-dalla a cikin wannan labarin.
Kula da wannan tsire-tsire mai sauƙi ne - a ƙasa za mu gaya muku game da duk abubuwan daki-daki.
Abubuwan kulawa
Yi la'akari da yadda za a kula da farkon a cikin ɗaki a gida a cikin tukunya da kuma waje a cikin lambun.
A gida
Haske, zafi da zafin jiki
Game da walƙiya, na farko zai ji daɗi a rana mai haske. Saboda haka, taga taga ta kudu zata dace da ita kwata-kwata. Amma, lura, cewa hasken rana kai tsaye na iya ƙone kyawawan shuke-shuken shuken, don haka ya kamata a rufe tukunyar da tsakar rana.
Gabaɗaya, shukar zata ji daɗi a kowane taga, amma, zai nuna mafi girman kayan kwalliya da haɓakar girma a cikin rana.
Yanayin iska a cikin dakin da primrose ke tsirowa bai kamata ya yi yawa ba. A lokacin hunturu, + digiri 12-14 ya dace da fure, amma lokacin bazara bai wuce + digiri 16-20 ba. Don samar da irin wannan sanyi, ba hankula mu Apartments, zazzabi, gogaggen lambu bayar da shawarar kiyaye primrose tsakanin taga sashes.
Tunda a cikin daji, ana samun shuka koyaushe kusa da jikin ruwa da cikin ƙasa mai ƙanshi, dole ne kuma a samar mata da yanayin da ya dace a gida. Wajibi ne a shayar da furen a kai a kai, tare da guje wa, cika ruwa. Gaskiyar ita ce, tare da yawan danshi, asalin primrose na iya ruɓewa - a wannan yanayin, dukkanin tsiron zai ɓace.
Ana kuma bayanin buƙatar wadataccen ruwa ta tushen tushen tsire-tsire. Saboda gaskiyar cewa tushen sun yi kusa da saman duniya, suna bushewa da sauri. Ba lallai ba ne a shayar da furen sama-sama: primrose baya son shi lokacin da digon ruwa ya faɗi akan ganyensa. Ruwa kai tsaye zuwa tushen.
Da wuya tsire-tsire yake buƙatar feshi a lokacin rani da damuna. Koyaya, lokaci zuwa lokaci dole ne a aiwatar da aikin ta yayyafa furen da ruwa daga kwalban fesawa mai ƙwari da aka watsa.
Hankali: lokacin da tsire yake cikin furanni, baza'a iya fesa shi ba. Madadin haka, sanya tukunyar a kan pallet na rigar pebbles ko faɗaɗa yumbu.
Ana ba da shawarar tsaftace ganyen tsire-tsire daga ƙura tare da burushi mai laushi ko tsoro. Ba za ku iya amfani da goge na musamman a wannan yanayin ba. Hakanan zai zama mai kyau ga fararen daki, idan kun fara buɗe taga ko taga a cikin dakin sau da yawa.
Shuke-shuke yana jin daɗi a cikin iska mai ɗanɗano, yana girma da sauri, kuma ƙananan cututtuka ba sa cutar da shi.
Ilasa, saman miya, zaɓin tukunya
Domin primrose ya ji daɗi kuma ya yi fure da kyau, ƙasar da take buƙata ta kasance mai laushi da danshi. Ko dai zaku iya siyan samfurin da aka shirya a cikin shagon, ko yin cakuɗin da kuke so da kanku.
Ya kamata ƙasa ta ƙunshi ƙasa mai yalwa da peat gauraye da yashi kogi mai tsabta. Abun karshe zai zama kusan rabin girman kowane na farkon.
Sun fara ciyar da abincin farko tun daga lokacin da ganyen farko suka bayyana - kuma suna ci gaba da samar da takin zamani har sai sun yi fure gaba daya.
Bai kamata ku yi amfani da takin mai magani mai yawa kafin fure na farko, saboda wannan zai haifar da saurin ci gaban ganye, yayin da furannin kansa ba zai iya faruwa ba kwata-kwata.
Maganin mai gina jiki don farkon farkon yamma ya kamata a mai da hankali sosai. Idan ka sayi kayan haɗin da aka shirya, to tsabtace su da ruwa a cikin girma mai girma fiye da yadda aka nuna akan kunshin.
A cikin lambu
Yaushe za a datse daji?
Ana yin wannan aikin yawanci a cikin bazara. Domin da farko ya faranta ransa tare da yalwar furanni da kyau, mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ya zama dole a cire duk mai rauni, matacce, busassun tushe da ganye daga shukar.
Mahimmanci: bayan dasawa, ana yanke dukkan furanni daga na farko domin samun wadatuwa da shuke shuke a gaba.
Har yaushe kuma yaya daidai don raba kwasfa?
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don nau'ikan halittun farko. Lokacin da shuka ta kasance a cikin lambun guda tsawon shekaru a jere, bayan lokaci yakan girma sosai. A sakamakon haka, fure-fure na furannin suna fitowa, ba su da kyau. Bugu da kari, a cikin lambun, sannu a hankali akwai karancin abubuwan gina jiki, tsiron ya fara bunkasa sosai, tasirinsa na ado ya zama ƙasa.
Don haka, raba hanyoyin kai tsaye yana da larura a cikin wannan yanayin. Wasu lambu, tare da himma ta musamman don kasuwancin da suka fi so, suna rarraba kuma dasa shuki na farko a kowace shekara. Amma gabaɗaya, don ci gaban al'ada, haɓakawa da furanni, ya isa a aiwatar da aikin kowace shekara 3-4.
Don rarraba kwasfa yadda yakamata kuma dasa tsire-tsire, ya zama dole a shayar da daji sosai, sa'annan a tono shi, tsabtace tushen duniya, kuma raba shi zuwa sassan 2-3.
Kowane ɗayan sassan dole ne ya sami yanki na tushe wanda ke da aƙalla ƙaramar ƙwaya ɗaya. In ba haka ba, rabon ba zai tashi ba. Ana aiwatar da rarrabuwa daga kantuna a farkon bazara.
Lambun gona, shayar da takin zamani
Mafi mahimmanci, farkon lambun zai ji daɗi a arewa maso yamma ko gefen yamma na lambun: a nan za a samar mata da ingantaccen haske, kuma a lokaci guda, sanyi. Shuke-shuke zai yi kyau kuma ya fi kyau kyau a inuwar bishiyoyi masu yaɗuwa.
Yawan zafi da hasken rana kai tsaye na iya haifar da mutuwar tsiren.
Amma ga ƙasa, ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da matsakaici na gina jiki. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a 'yanta gadon daga ciyawa a cikin lokaci.
Shayar primrose a gonar ya zama dole sau da yawa, amma ba ambaliyar ruwa ba. A cikin yanayin zafi, ninki biyu da kuma yawan noman ruwa. Bayan aikin danshi, ya zama dole a sassauta kasar don samar da shuka da yanayi mai kyau.
Ya kamata ku fara ciyar da abincin farko na lambun ku tun daga lokacin da ganyen farko suka kafu, da gamawa lokacin da tsire-tsire suka dushe. Yi amfani da hadaddun ma'adinai don takin zamani - amma a cikin raunin rauni fiye da yadda aka nuna akan kunshin. Yawan hadi sau biyu a wata.
Lokacin kaka
Bayan fure, ana kulawa da abubuwan share fage ne na yau da kullun. A bayyane yake cewa bayan furen ya fidda kwalliyarta, babu ma'ana a kula da shekara-shekara.
Ana ba da shawarar ƙara danyar shayarwar farko ta kaka don tsire-tsire ya iya zama mafi kyau da girma. A ƙarshen Yuli, na farko yana fara girma, don haka a wannan lokacin dole ne a ciyar da shi tare da takin mai magani da phosphorus.
Magana! Wannan tsarin zai tabbatar da yawan ciyawar dazuzzuka don damina mai zuwa, da nuna sabbin bishiyun fure.
Idan kuna sha'awar koyo game da kulawar shuka da dasawa a cikin kaka, to muna ba da shawarar karanta wannan labarin.
Shiri don wintering
A lokacin bazara, ya zama dole a shayar da wadatattun hanyoyin da aka rarrabasu kuma aka dasa su. Watering ya zama kullum kafin hunturu, amma ba yawa ba.
Ba'a yanke hanyar fita kafin sanyi - a lokacin hunturu zata yi aikin kare rhizome daga daskarewa. Don samar da shuka da mafi kyawun yanayin hunturu, ana bada shawara don yayyafa daji tare da humus tare da da'irar tushen: don hadi da kariya daga sanyi.
Lura cewa wasu nau'in primrose suna buƙatar ƙarin shiri da tunani mai kyau don hunturu. An rufe bishiyoyi iri iri masu laushi tare da ganyen da suka faɗi da agrofibre kafin yanayin sanyi. Manyan birai na yau da kullun suna da kyau - ana ba da shawarar canja wurin su zuwa kwalaye don hunturu kuma kai su ɗakin ajiya. Kuna iya gano duk cikakkun bayanai akan yadda za'a shirya don hunturu a wani labarin.
Hanyoyin cin nasara
Don tsire-tsire ya mamaye lafiya, dole ne ya kasance a zazzabin da bai gaza + digiri 14 ba. Kuma wasu nau'ikan (matasan) na iya jure yanayin zafi ba ƙasa da digiri 16 ba.
Watering a cikin hunturu ya zama ba safai ba: Ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da aikin kawai lokacin da babban fili ya bushe. Mitar kusan sau ɗaya ne a mako.
Hanyar girma da shuka
Ana buƙatar dasawa na farko kusan sau ɗaya a shekara, sau da yawa kuma ƙasa da haka. Ana ba da shawarar dasawa lokacin da tsire-tsire suka zama lush, kuma suna da matse sosai a cikin tukunya ko a gadon lambu.
Lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki shine farkon bazara ko kaka. Amma ga ƙasa, cakuda ya kamata ya zama daidaitacce: turf, ƙasa mai laushi, yashi. Idan furen yana girma a cikin tukunya, kula da magudanar ruwa mai kyau (aƙalla 2 cm) a gaba.
Mahimmanci: ana ba da shawarar dasawa kawai bayan farkon lokacin ya shuɗe. Don kar a ruguza tsarin halittar ciyawar ta.
Kuna iya samun duk ƙa'idodi don dasa shuki da girma na farko.
Hoto
A cikin hoton da ke ƙasa zaku iya fahimtar da kanku game da aikin kulawa da ɗakin farko:
Kwari da cututtuka
Ganye yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban, wanda galibi yakan bayyana saboda rashin kulawa mai kyau. Nan gaba, zamu gano menene cututtuka da kwari da cutar ta farko ke shafuwa a mafi yawan lokuta.
Daga cikin cututtukan akwai:
- rashin kumburi;
- foda mai laushi;
- jaundice;
- mosaic kokwamba;
- tabo hango
Daga cikin kwari, yakan haifar da nau'ikan kwari masu zuwa musamman:
- nematode (duka ganye da gall);
- weevil;
- miyar gizo-gizo;
- aphid.
Mizanin gizo-gizo da aphids sun kai hari ga fure a bushe da yanayi mai zafi. Don ma'amala da waɗannan kwari masu haɗari, fesa magabacinku da maganin kwari mai dacewa.
Mafi haɗari ga yanayin farko shine hango yanayin fungal. Wannan cuta yawanci tana shafar shuka ne a lokacin bazara, kuma zaka iya gane ta ta kodadde, zagaye masu zagaye waɗanda suka bayyana akan ganyen.
Idan ba a magance shi ba, cutar na iya hallaka gaba ɗayan tsiron. Kuma idan primrose yayi girma a cikin lambun, kewaye da irin sa, to naman kaza zai iya yadawa zuwa furannin makwabta.
Don jimre wa tabo, ana cire ganyen da abin ya shafa (ko kuma, idan akwai mummunar lalacewa, dukkan shuka). Bayan haka, yakamata a fesa dukkan gadon da topsin ko solutionol.
Wata cuta kamar su launin toka kuma tana shafar fure. Yawanci yakan faru ne saboda yawan ban ruwa. Don kawar da ruɓaɓɓen haɗari, rage adadin danshi kuma fesa fure da kayan kwalliyar da suka dace.
Idan ganyen fure ya fara zama ja wur, ko kuma kumburinsa ya faɗi, dalilin yana iya kasancewa saboda rashin kulawa. Wannan yakan faru ne saboda iska mai bushewa a cikin ɗaki ko kuma tsananin zafin jiki.
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, primrose ya fi son yanayi mai sanyi. Don jimre wa matsalolin da ke kunno kai, ya kamata a fitar da tukunyar zuwa wuri mai sanyi, kuma ya kamata a shayar da furen sosai.
Mahimmanci: idan furanni sun fara bushewa da sauri, a zahiri, ba tare da samun lokacin yin fulawa da kyau ba, dalili shine yanayin zafin iska mai yawa. Primrose yana buƙatar wuri mai sanyaya don fure cikin nasara.
Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka wannan shuka a yankinka, to kana buƙatar yin nazari a gaba duk abubuwan da ake shukawa na shuke-shuke, haɗe da daga tsaba. Yana da mahimmanci a san game da kulawar fure na gaba, wanda shine ɗayan farkon wanda zai faranta muku rai da furanninta a farkon bazara.
Muna kallon bidiyo game da farko da kulawar wannan fure:
Kammalawa
Mun koyi yadda za mu kula da yanayin farko wanda ke girma a cikin lambun da gida a kan windowsill. Kamar yadda kake gani, shukar ba ta son rai, don haka ba za ta haifar da matsala ba. Amma zai haifar da daɗaɗan motsin rai da farin ciki tare da kyawawan furanninta na ado.