Shin kun san yadda cacti ke girma? Idan furen bai bunkasa ba?
Masanin ilimin botan F. Hernandez ya fara kawo zanen murtsatse a shekara ta 1535, kuma tun daga wannan lokacin, yanayin sabbin shuke-shuke daga Amurka ya bazu ko'ina cikin duniya da sauri. A ƙarni na 18, an san nau'ikan 24 na waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki. Har zuwa yanzu, wannan salon bai wuce ba, amma yanzu an san nau'ikan 1200 da yawa.
Lokacin da ake girke cacti a gida, sabon mai sayar da furanni yana buƙatar la'akari da saurin yadda wasu nau'in ke girma, don haka lokacin dasa shuki ba sa tsoma baki da junan su kuma suna da kyan gani idan kun dasa su a tukunya ɗaya. Za mu gaya muku game da dalilin da yasa koren dabbobin ku ba su girma da yadda za a taimaka a cikin labarinmu.
Shin tsiron yana girma da sauri a gida?
Muna la'akari da nau'in kuli-kaktu.
Lokacin sayen tsire-tsire, tuna da adana alamar tare da nau'in nau'in.
Girman girma ya dogara da nau'in murtsunguwa... Ba zaku iya tsammanin saurin girma daga murtsunguwa wanda ya girma zuwa santimita 1 ba. Misali mafi kankantar kulius shine Blossfeldia. Kada ku dasa shi da babban cacti. Wani misalin shuka mai saurin jinkiri shine ariocactus ko kuma ana kiransu "duwatsu masu rai". Suna buƙatar kimanin shekaru 50 don girma zuwa 10-12 santimita.
Wani tsire-tsire na ampel, zai fi kyau a dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban don saiwar ta sauka ƙasa da yardar kaina, misali, aporocatus bulala mai kamanni ko disocactus (game da aporocactus an bayyana anan). Hakanan, na cacti rataye a cikin ƙasarmu, itaciyar Schlumberg sanannen abu ne, ko kuma kamar yadda ake kiranta ga mutane gama-gari - Mai ba da labari. Sababbin ganyayyaki sun bayyana 2-3 a kowace shekara, ma’ana, kimanin santimita 2-4 a shekara.
Idan kana son girma babban murtsunguwa, to pearcin pear yana da kyau... Wannan shine ɗayan mafi girman cacti (zaku iya koyo game da pear mai laushi da agave a nan, kuma game da pear prickly an bayyana a cikin wannan kayan). Cleuss's cleistocactus shima ya girma cikin sauri kuma ya kai tsawon zuwa mita 1. Cacti mai saurin girma - polaskia, marshallocereus, cereus, pachycereus da sauran tsirrai masu kama da itace. Zasu iya juyawa zuwa manyan samfura cikin shekaru biyar; a cikin shekara guda zasu iya ƙara zuwa centimita 10.
Babu manyan cacti mai faɗi.
Me yasa spiny dabba ba ta karuwa a girma da abin da za a yi a wannan yanayin?
Tsarin jinkirin murtsunguwa na iya haifar da yanayi mara dadi game da shi. Yana da mahimmanci ƙirƙirar yanayin da ake buƙata don haɓaka mai kyau.
- Hasken wuta... "Yara" na cacti ba sa son hasken rana kai tsaye. Akasin haka, cacti na manya suna son wurare masu haske da rana mai yawa. Ba sa tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye.
Don lokacin hunturu, ya fi kyau sanya shuke-shuke a gefen kudu. A wasu nau'ikan, rana mai haske na motsa furanni. Cacti ba sa son sanyawa a bayan ɗakin: a cikin ɗakuna, a kan tebur ko kuma kan gado. Rashin haske a hankali zai kashe shukar.
- Firamare... Tsire-tsire ba sa son ƙasa mai dausayi. A irin wannan yanayin, cacti sun fi yuwuwa su ruɓi ko canzawa. An kara yashi a irin wannan kasar har zuwa kashi 50. A lokacin shekarar farko har zuwa zaɓuka 8 ake yi, a shekara ta biyu ana ɗauke da zaɓi 2-3.
Abokan ƙaura ba sa buƙatar ƙasa mai yawa - santimita 3-4 ya isa, tunda suna da ƙananan tushe. Kar ka manta da lambatu kimanin santimita 1.
- Shayarwa... Don tsire-tsire masu girma, shayarwa matsakaici ne a lokacin rani, rage ruwa a lokacin hunturu (a wasu nau'in, an dakatar da shi gaba ɗaya).
- Top miya.
- Kada ku ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da tushen tushen lalacewa, misali, nan da nan bayan dasawa.
- Ba za ku iya amfani da takin zamani ba lokacin da murtsatsi ya yi sanyi (wataƙila a cikin hunturu da lokacin rani), ƙasa a wannan lokacin ya kasance a jike na dogon lokaci
- Takin ma'adanai ya fi dacewa da dillan narkewar ruwa.
- Mafi kyawun yanayi don shayar da takin zamani shine yanayin gajimare.
- Tukwane... Sayi tukwane a faɗi, amma ba zurfi. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan ƙayayuwa suna son a dasa musu aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Wannan yana kara girman tushen da kuma murtsattsun da kansa.
Yaya za a magance kwari da cututtuka?
Wani lokaci takunkumin na 'daskarewa' kuma baya yin girma na dogon lokaci. A wannan yanayin, kalli shi don kwari da cututtuka. Dalilin da ya fi dacewa shine lalacewar tsarin tushen. Kurkura Tushen, sarrafa su kuma dasa shukar a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, zaku iya pre-ƙone shi a cikin tanda.
Mafi yawan cututtuka:
Phytophthora... Za'a iya yanke ɓangaren da ya ruɓe, yafa masa toka, ya bushe.
- Dry rot... Kusan ba a kula da shi, rigakafin kawai zai yiwu - magani tare da kayan gwari.
- Tsatsa mai haske... Don yaƙi, yi amfani da magani Topaz ko cakuda Bordeaux.
- Kara lalacewa... Ya bayyana akan shuke-shuke matasa; yawanci ana cire shuke-shuke da abin ya shafa.
- Fusarium... Alamar cutar ita ce suturar ruwan hoda ko shunayya a kan tushen shukar. An lalata tsire-tsire masu cuta.
Abin da kwari zasu iya farawa:
- Itesan gizo-gizo... M, launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka sun bayyana. Don halakar da su, ana amfani da acaricides da magungunan kwari na gargajiya (kayan kwalliyar tafarnuwa da albasa, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen goge ɓauren).
- Mealybugs... Ana iya ganinsu tare da ido mara kyau, kamun ƙwai a siffar ƙwallan auduga. Ana cire kwari tare da burushi ko hantsuka. Ana kula da tsire-tsire tare da haɗin giya na tafarnuwa. ko magungunan kwari na musamman.
- Tushen tsutsotsi... Farin furanni akan asalinsu. Noma tare da karbofos yana taimakawa.
Kara karantawa game da cututtukan kakkus da kwari anan.
Me yasa fure take shimfidawa ba ta fadi ba?
Wani lokaci, akasin haka, murtsunguwar murtsatse yana saurin mikewa zuwa sama, kuma ba faɗi ba. Wannan ba shi da kyau ga shuka. Wannan wataƙila sakamakon hadi ne ya wuce gona da iri (musamman yawan nitrogen). A wannan yanayin, gwada gwada dasa furen a wata ƙasa daban, ku tuna don ƙara yashi a cikin ƙasa.
Furanni suna jin ƙaunarmu da kulawa... Spiky a waje, abokanmu na kore suna da kirki a ciki. Kada ku bar dabbobinku, ku kula da su, kuma za su gode musu tare da saurin girma da kyawawan furanni!