Natron - tafki mafi kisa a Tanzania
Tafkin Natron shine ɗayan shahararrun abubuwan jan hankali a ƙasar Tanzania. Sanannen abu ne saboda cewa ruwan dake cikin tabkin yana da launi ja mai haske, kuma tsuntsayen da suka taba shawagi a wannan wurin sun zama duwatsun gishiri. Kasancewar wani tafki mai ban mamaki ya zama sananne ga talakawa ba da daɗewa ba: fewan shekarun da suka gabata, an buga hotunan Tafkin Natron a Tanzania a cikin wata mujallar Biritaniya.
Janar bayani
Natron shine mafi yawan ruwan sha mai saltsine kuma bawai kawai a Gabashin Afrika ba, amma a duniya, kuma halayyar launin laka mai laushi shine ɓawon gishirin da ke rufe tafkin. Saboda sauye-sauyen muhalli na duniya da ke faruwa a yanzu a duniya, a nan gaba akwai babbar barazanar cewa damuwar gishirin a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar jigilar Natron na iya damuwa. Kuma wannan na iya haifar da halakar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin tafkin.
Tabkin yana kusa da kan iyakar Tanzaniya da Kenya, kuma ya mamaye yanki kasa da muraba'in mita 1040. A tsayi bai kai kilomita 57 ba, kuma a faɗi - kusan kilomita 21. A cikin watanni masu zafi, yawan zafin ruwan da ke cikin tafkin zai iya wuce 50-60 ° C. Matsakaicin zurfin Natron ya kai mita 1.5, kuma a mafi zurfin wurare mita 3 ne. Kogin Ewaso Ngiro, wanda ya samo asali daga arewacin Kenya.
Flora da fauna
Tafkin Natron gida ne ga nau'ikan kananan halittu guda 3 kuma shine asalin 75% na flamingos da suke rayuwa a Duniya. Wannan shine wuri mafi kyau ga "'ya'yan faduwar rana" - saboda karuwar gishirin, masu farauta da sauran tsuntsaye suna kokarin nisantar tafkin. Af, don ganin flamingos a Tanzania, ya fi kyau tashi zuwa Natron a lokacin rani - wannan shine lokacin kiwo ga tsuntsaye.
A cikin tabkin kansa, nau'ikan kifi daya ne zasu iya rayuwa - alkaline telapias. A cikin shekaru dubu, sun saba da mawuyacin yanayi da haɗari, kuma a yau Natron ne kawai wuri a cikin duniya da wannan nau'in ke rayuwa.
Saboda bambance-bambancen halittu daban-daban, tafkin ya shiga cikin jerin wurare na musamman bisa ga sakamakon Yarjejeniyar Ramsar kuma an saka shi a Asusun Gabashin Afirka na Gabashin Afirka.
A yau, masana kimiyya a duk duniya suna adawa da gina tsire don samarwa da hakar potash (a nan gaba, ana yin foda da shi) a kusa da tafki - irin wannan unguwar da ba ta dace ba na iya shafar tasirin gishirin a cikin tafki da kuma ɓacewar bacewar ƙananan flamingos a Afirka. Koyaya, yan asalin ƙasar tanzania suna da wata gaskiyar daban: masana'antar zata iya samar da gidaje da aiki ga mutane sama da 1,000.
Af, mutanen da ke zaune a waɗannan wurare sune wakilan tsohuwar ƙabilar Salei. Suna la'akari da tabkin a matsayin bayyanar ikon allahntaka, kuma duk rayuwarsu suna yawo a bakin gabar tafkin gishiri.
Don haka, duk da cewa an dakatar da ginin masana'antar, har yanzu akwai barazanar bacewar gishirin gishirin. Wannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon karuwar rafuka da yiwuwar gina sabuwar tashar samar da wutar lantarki a tafkin Ewaso Ngiro.
Lake sabon abu
Ga masana kimiyya da yawa, Natron a Tanzaniya har yanzu abin asiri ne. Kuma idan komai ya bayyana tare da launi (saboda yawan gishiri, an sami ɓawon burodi mai ruwan hoda), to ba kowa bane zai iya bayanin wani sabon abu (Lake Natron ya maida dabbobi zuwa duwatsu).
Makabartar tsuntsaye ta zama sananne ga mai daukar hoto mai suna Nick Brandt, wanda ya fara buga hotunan tsuntsaye masu daskarewa a mujallar sa mai suna "On the Ruined Earth". Da farko, an zarge shi da kasancewa mai daukar hoto, amma bayan wani lokaci, masu binciken har yanzu sun tabbatar da gaskiyar wadannan hotunan. Bayan haka, hotunan Tafkin Natron sun fara yaduwa da sauri, kuma Tanzania ta zama sanannen wurin yawon bude ido.
Masana kimiyya da yawa suna bayanin abin da ya faru da tsuntsayen dutse kusa da Tafkin Natron a Tanzania kamar haka: saboda gaskiyar cewa yanayin zafin ruwan a wasu wurare ya kai fiye da 60 ° C, kuma ruwan yana da gishiri sosai da kuma alkaline, tsuntsayen, suna shiga cikin tafkin, ba sa ruɓewa, amma suna daskarewa har abada ...
Abinda kawai masana kimiyyar halitta basu samo bayani akai ba shine yasa tsuntsaye ke tashi sama cikin ruwa. Mafi shaharar sigar: saboda karuwar tunani, tsuntsayen sun rasa alkiblarsu, kuma, suna kuskure ruwan sama, suna tashi da sauri. Kodayake akwai wasu ra'ayoyi: don haka, wasu masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa duk tsuntsayen sun mutu ajalinsu, kuma an rufe su da gishiri bayan hakan. Koyaya, mai daukar hoto Nick Brandt, wanda ya ziyarci waɗannan wurare fiye da sau ɗaya, ya ƙaryata wannan tunanin.
Amma ya kasance kamar yadda yake, kisan mahaɗan Natron lake yana da haɗari ga mutane: a nan ya kamata ba kawai iyo ba, har ma taɓa ruwan, saboda kawai zaka iya ƙona kanka. Bugu da kari, ba a san cikakken tasirin tasirin ruwan zafin alkaline a jikin mutum ba - masana kimiyya ba sa cikin gaggawa da gwaje-gwaje da yanke shawara.
Dogaro da yanayi, Tekun Natron na iya zama daban: a lokacin bazara ya bushe, kuma ƙasar, inda a dā ruwa yake, an rufe ta da manyan fasa da gishiri. Ana fara shawa na yanayi a wannan ɓangaren na Tanzania a watan Agusta - Satumba kuma zai wuce har zuwa Disamba. Launin ruwan yana canzawa ya danganta da ƙwayoyin cuta da suke aiki a wasu watanni na shekara.
Yadda zaka isa tabkin daga Arusha
Birni mafi kusa a Tanzania, Arusha, yana da nisan kilomita 240 daga tafkin. Kuna iya samun daga gare ta zuwa jan hankali na musamman ta motar bas ta gida, wanda zai ɗauki awanni huɗu da rabi. Babu jiragen ƙasa a cikin waɗannan sassan kwata-kwata, kamar yadda babu sauran balaguron balaguro zuwa tafkin. Koyaya, zaku iya siyan yawon shakatawa zuwa dutsen tsaunin Ol-Doinyo-Lengai, wanda kuma ya haɗa da ziyarar Natrona. Akwai shinge da yawa a ƙasan dutsen mai fitad da wuta.
Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din
Kuna iya zuwa Arusha daga: Nairobi na Kenya (awanni 4), Dodom (awanni 6) a cikin Tanzania da Dar es Salaam (kan hanya - awanni 9). Filin jirgin sama mafi kusa yana da nisan kilomita 50 daga Arusha.
Samun zuwa Arusha da ƙetaren yana da matukar wahala da tsada, kuma dole ne a kula da wannan yayin shirin tafiya. Amma, kamar yadda yawancin yawon buɗe ido ke faɗi, Lake Natron yana da ban mamaki da ban mamaki wanda tabbas ya cancanci kuɗi da ƙoƙari da aka kashe.