Dokokin girma streptocarpus da siffofin haifuwarsa: yadda ake shuka tsaba da kuma tushen ganye?

Streptocarpus wakilai ne na dangin Gesneriev. Suna samun karuwa sosai a kowace rana. Dalilan shahararsa sune saukin kulawa da nau'ikan nau'ikan.

A baya can, sun girma ne kawai a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi na wurare masu zafi, a kan gangaren tsaunuka a Asiya, Afirka da Madagascar. Masu kiwo sun huce waɗannan nau'o'in daji da na shekara-shekara. Kowane mai shuki yana da damar haɓaka shi a cikin gida, yana lura da ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi na haɓaka.

Bayanin furanni

Streptocarpus yana da ɗan wrinkled da pubescent ganye... Suna yin soket. Tsawon su yakai cm 30, kuma faɗin su yakai 5-7 cm Su galibi kore ne kuma kawai a cikin wasu sabbin nau'ikan ana musu bambancin.

Dogayen peduncles suna bayyana daga sinus ɗin ganye. Wasu lokuta sukan kai tsawon cm 25. Furannin suna saman su. Suna kama da kararrawa, kamar yadda ƙananan petals suke tsawaita. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa, inuwa da girman furanni.

Sun ma bambanta a diamita. Bayan furannin sun dushe, 'ya'yan itacen za su zama - igiyar zagayawa. 'Ya'yan za su yi girbi a wannan kwalin.

Siffofin rarrabe

1. Kulawa mara kyau.
2. Lush da dogon furanni daga bazara zuwa hunturu.
3. Yawo shekara-shekara, idan har ana amfani da ƙarin haske na wucin gadi.
4. Shuke-shuken baya rasa tasirin adonsa bayan fure.
5. Sake haifuwa ta kowane bangare.

Yadda ake girma yadda yakamata?

Streptocarpus - m shuke-shuke... Kula dasu mai sauki ne. Masu furannin furanni waɗanda suka yanke shawarar bunƙasa su suna bin ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi kuma suna farin ciki da kyawawan abubuwan da suke lulluɓe windowsill duk shekara. Lightingarin haske ta amfani da phyto-lamp da fitilu mai kyalli yana taimakawa wannan.

Cikakken hasken rana ya rasa a cikin wannan al'ada mai son haske. Shin akwai wasu ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke da mahimmanci a bi yayin barin?

Zaɓin ƙasa

Streptocarpus shuke-shuke ne waɗanda suke girma cikin sauri. Suna da tushe mai ƙarfi. Domin su girma gaba ɗaya, yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi ƙasa mai kyau wacce za a dasa streptocarpus a ciki. Idealasa mai kyau tana da gina jiki, sako-sako da numfashi. Mafi kyawun acid shine 6.7-6.9 pH. A diamita na tukunya ne 9-12 cm.

A abun da ke ciki na duniya cakuda:

• 3 sassan ƙasa "Vermion";
• wani sashi na baƙar ƙasa / ganye humus;
• bangare daya na yin foda. Vermiculite, m perlite ko wanke mara nauyi kogin yashi sun dace.

Sterilizing kasar gona

Abubuwan da ke cikin jerin da ke sama ana haifuwa a cikin tanda akan takardar burodi. Don yin wannan, ƙara gilashin ruwa 1. Rashin haihuwa ya ci gaba har tsawon mintuna hamsin. Zazzabi - 150 digiri.

Bayan wannan lokacin, ƙara 1 tbsp zuwa sakamakon cakuda. ganshin sphagnum, wanda ya kamata a yankakken yankakken, 1/3 tbsp. pre-crushed gawayi da trichodermine. An ƙara sashi na ƙarshe ƙwarai bisa ga umarnin.

Bayan haifuwa, dole ne makonni 2-3 su wuce kafin a yi amfani da cakuda don dasa shukar. Wannan lokacin ya zama dole don sabuntawa na microflora na ƙasa.

Taki

Mai kyau don ciyar da jarirai - kore Etisso... An diluted kamar haka: 1 ml a kowace lita 1. Amma menene hanya mafi kyau don ciyar da tsire mai girma, to "EKO-Volshebniko" ya dace da ita. Manyan tufafi ba safai ba - sau ɗaya a mako.

Sashi ya nunka sau biyar ƙasa da maƙerin masana'antar. Idan kayi overdo shi, aibobi zasu bayyana akan ganyen. A lokacin rani, ya fi kyau kada a ciyar da tsiron kwata-kwata, tunda saboda yawan furannin, streptocarpus zai fara bushewa.

Mahimmanci! Yana da kyau a sa takin ganyayyaki ta hanyar fesawa, musamman idan ya kasance ado ne na sama na vermicompost.

Shayarwa

Don ban ruwa, yi amfani da tsaftataccen ruwa. Ana shayar da shukar bayan da kasar ta bushe gaba daya. Bayan wani lokaci, an kwashe ruwan daga kwanon rufi.

Zafi

Danshi mai dadi - 55-75%. Idan iskar cikin gida ta bushe, fesa sararin dake kusa da fure da kwalba mai kyau ta fesawa. Ruwan digon ruwa bazai taba faduwa akan sa ba..

Hakanan yana taimaka wajan shirya tukwane na kusa da pallets cike da gansakuka, tsakuwar kogi da yumɓu mai yalwa. Ya kamata a jika musu ruwa kadan. Zaka iya shigar da kwantena da ruwa don ƙoshin ruwa kusa da su.

Zazzabi

Streptocarpus yayi girma a cikin gida a t = + 22-25⁰С. Matsanancin yanayin shine + 16 kuma ƙasa da digiri Celsius. Ba sa son zafi, idan ba ku shafe shi ba, za su mutu. Da farko, ganyen sun bushe, sannan furannin sun bushe.

Shuke-shuke ya rasa tasirinsa na ado. Bayan lura da alamun farko na rashin lafiya, yana da mahimmanci a dauki mataki... Bayan an daidaita tsarin zazzabi, komai zai koma yadda yake. Idan ganyen yayi mummunan rauni, sai a sare shi.

Dakin yana iska, amma a lokaci guda suna saka idanu sosai cewa babu wani daftarin aiki. Ba a ke so a fitar da tukunya tare da shuka zuwa sararin sama. Idan kunyi haka, to kawai sanya shi a baranda ko veranda, kariya daga ruwan sama da iska.

Kuna iya koyo game da girma da kulawa da Streptocarpus anan.

Hanyoyin haifuwa

Irin

Dukkanin masu farawa za'a iya ba su shawara game da hayayyafa.... Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi sauki.

1. Mataki na farko shine shirya substrate ta hanyar shan peat, perlite da vermiculite a sassan daidai. Peat yana wucewa ta ƙarfe na ƙarfe tare da raga na 0.5-1 mm don rage girmansa zuwa girman yashi kogi mara kyau.
2. An shuka iri na Streptocarpus akan yanayin ƙasa, ba tare da zurfafawa sosai ba.
3. Bayan haka, suna ɗan matsa shi da allo, amma waɗanda ba a tsara ko na roba ba za su yi aiki ba.
4. Bayan shuka, shayar da shuka ta hanyar nitsar da akwatin cikin ruwa. Ana jan danshi ta cikin ramin magudanar ruwa don kiyaye danshi a danshi. Ba za ku iya shayar da shi ta wata hanyar ba, saboda kawai za a wanke seedsa seedsan.
5. Bayan an sha ruwa, sai a rufe tukwane da polyethylene ko gilashi a saka a wuri mai haske. Har sai tsaba ta tsiro, yawan zafin jikin gilashin ya zama + 25 digiri Celsius. Harbe na farko sun bayyana bayan kwana 7.
6. Da zaran ganyaye guda biyu na gaske sun bayyana, ana aiwatar da dashe. Ya kamata matattarar yanzu ta kasance mai gina jiki. An dasa shukar a cikin cakuda da aka kirkira daga ɓangarori 3 na peat, ɗayan vermiculite da perlite da biyu kowane ƙasa mai ganye da moss na sphagnum.

Gutsure na ganye

Yiwuwar yaduwar kwayar cutar streptocarpus... Suna ninka daga nama. An kafa shi akan yanke jijiyoyin farantin ganye. An yanka ganyen a tsawon, yana cire jijiya ta tsakiya.

Sannan ana sanya ɓangaren da aka yanke a cikin ƙasa mai laima, wanda yayi kama da wanda aka shirya lokacin da ake shuka iri. Ba da daɗewa ba clone na ciyayi zai samu daga jijiyoyin layin.

Ta rarraba daji

Hanyar kiwo mafi sauki, wacce yawancin masu noman novice suke mantawa da ita, shine raba daji. Don amfani da shi, suna jira har sai furen da ke yalwata ya fadada ƙwarai da gaske saboda ƙanƙanin daji da aka kafa. Ana iya raba shi zuwa sassa. Uwar uba za ta ci gajiyar wannan: zai sake sabonta jiki.

Kara karantawa game da hanyoyin kiwo na streptocarpus nan.

Yadda ake tushen ganye?

Streptocarpus yana yadawa ta hanyar yanke wani guntun ganye... Yana da kyau a zabi wanda ya dace da wannan. Ganye ya kamata ya sami adadin jijiyoyi na gefe wanda ya kamata ya faɗaɗa daga jijiya ta tsakiya. Therearin yawa, da yawa jarirai za su bayyana.

An yanke takardar a duk faɗin, bayan karɓar ɓangarori da yawa daga gare ta. Tsawon kowane yanki na ganye ya zama daidai da girman tukunyar da aka zaɓa domin rooting. Lokacin cire jijiya ta tsakiya, suna aiki a hankali.

An jefar dashi, kuma gutsutsuren gefen takardar ne kawai ke da izinin aiki. Yana da kyau a sanya su a cikin tukwane masu murabba'i ko a cikin ƙananan kwanuka masu tsayi tare da tsayin gefen 30 mm. Bayan an shirya tukwane, an zuba ƙasa a cikin kaurin 15-20 mm. Sannan suka sanya ganyen a cikin zurfin ramuka kuma suka daidaita ƙasa a kusa da su.

Leavesananan ganye a jijiyoyin layin suna bayyana bayan watanni 2. Sauran watanni biyu kawai, lokacin da sabbin ganye suka kai tsawon 30-40 mm, ana ajiye su daga ganyen uwar. Bayan dasawa, kiyaye tukwane da ganye a cikin greenhouse roba. Suna buƙatar samun tushe da girma.

Menene kulawa?

Bayan shuka

An sanya tukunyar streptocarpus akan taga wanda baya karɓar hasken rana kai tsaye... Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa babu zayyana a wannan wurin. Idan akwai matsaloli tare da hasken wuta, sabbin ganye ba zasu bayyana ba, kuma peduncles tare da furanni ba zai samu daga sinus ba.

Da yawa zasu dogara ne akan shayarwa. Ana shayar da shukar ne kawai lokacin da saman saman ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Don ban ruwa, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi, tsayayye a zafin jiki na daki. Idan yayi yawa, saiwoyin zasu rube kuma furen zai mutu.

Hakanan tabbatar cewa babu ruwa da zai shiga mafitar ganyen. Ana zubawa zalla a ƙarƙashin ganyayyaki. Kuna iya shayar da streptocarpus ta nutsewa cikin kwandon ruwa.

Ganye baya son lokacin da aka fesa shi ko aka wanke ganyen da soso.

Don shuka

An shuka shuka daga tsaba. A cikin shagunan filawa suna siyar dasu dredred saboda gaskiyar cewa seedsa arean sun yi smallan ƙananan. Harsashin kanta zai farfashe bayan shukar da aka yi a farfajiyar ƙasa mai danshi.

Bai kamata ku jira lokacin bazara don yin sabon fure ba.... Ana shuka iri a duk shekara, amma na farko bayan an dasa shi ya bayyana ne kawai bayan watanni bakwai. Don hanzarta haɓaka, yawancin masu shuka suna amfani da ƙarin haske da kuma shayar da tsire-tsire ne kawai bayan ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya.

Don tserewa

Duk tsire-tsire daga dangin Gesneriev suna sabunta tushensu tare da wani ɓangare na farantin ganye. Babban abu shine zaɓi lafiyayyen ganye don yanka. An dasa shi a cikin soat peat tablet.

Ba su kula da shi ta wata hanya ta musamman ba, kawai suna shayar da shi kuma suna tabbatar da cewa ƙananan harbe sun bayyana a kan ganye. Da zaran sun bayyana, ana dasa su cikin kofuna daban.

Wani lokaci ana cire jijiya ta tsakiya daga ɗayan takarda kuma an shirya ratsi masu tsayi a cikin karamin-greenhouse. Ana yinta cikin sauƙi daga akwatin nadi. An dasa shuki kuma an fesa shi saboda akwatin yayi danshi... Wannan damp din ana kula dashi har sai yara sun bayyana. Bayan fitowan, suna zaune a cikin tukwane daban.

Cututtuka da kwari

Streptocarpus yana fama da cututtukan cututtuka. Yayin rashin lafiya, ganyensu na iya zama rawaya, bushe ko bushe. Idan ka fara cutar, furewar zata ta'azzara. Idan baka dauki mataki ba, zasu mutu.

Wani lokacin furen yana shafar fure-furen fulawa.... Ana bayyana wannan ta bayyanar farin furanni akan tushe, ganye da furanni. Yawancin lokaci, farin farin zai zama launin ruwan kasa. Ganye da furanni za su fara bushewa su mutu.

Don hana fure-fure daga lalata streptocarpus, suna tsoron zayyanawa, saukad da zafin jiki, toshewar ƙasa da yawan abinci. Idan kayi aiki lokacin da alamar farko ta bayyana - farin shafi akan ganyayyaki da tushe, sayi mafita na musamman kuma amfani dasu bisa ga umarnin.

Mafi yawan lokuta, lalacewar toka yana shafar streptocarpus... Fure mai launin ruwan kasa mai haske ya bayyana akan ɓangaren da abin ya shafa. Bayan lokaci, sai ya zama ulcers ulcer, wacce ke ƙaruwa da girmanta koyaushe. Dalilin bayyanar sune yawan laima mai iska. Duk wuraren da abin ya shafa an cire su, sannan ana fesa shuka da maganin jan karfe-sabulu.

Cizon kwari yana lahanta streptocarpus. Sau da yawa masu shuka novice ba sa lura da su. Ba za su iya haɗa wasu alamun tare da fahimtar cewa wani abu ba daidai bane. Furanni suna shudewa da sauri, wasu kuma zasu zama ruwan kasa da bushe, kuma pistil yayi kauri a gindi.

Da zaran sun lura da wannan, sai su sayi mafita ta musamman. An bred bisa ga umarnin kuma an fesa shi a kan shuka tare da mitar da ake so.

Kuna iya koyo game da kwari da cututtukan streptocarpus daga wannan labarin.

Kammalawa

Streptocarpus kyawawan tsire-tsire ne. Suna da sha'awa da bayyanar su. Da zarar sun gansu, da yawa daga cikin masu shuka suna soyayya kuma suna son su sami kansu wannan "akwatin da aka juya" (wannan shine yadda ake fassara sunan shuka a zahiri) har abada. Me ya sa? Bayan duk wannan, basu da nauyi a cikin barin.

Kalli bidiyon: Streptocarpus Care (Satumba 2024).