Bayani game da cututtukan gloxinia tare da hotuna da jiyya

Gloxinia shukakke ne mai kwalliyar kwalliya mai launuka iri-iri da dogaye. Amma cututtuka daban-daban da kwari na iya lalata bayyanar fure ko haifar da mutuwarsa.

Ana iya hana wannan idan kun san cututtukan da suka fi dacewa kuma ku mai da hankali ga dukkan ƙoƙarin kan rigakafin.

A cikin labarin, zamuyi la'akari da dalilin da yasa gloxinia ke bushewa da bushewa, da sauran cututtuka da yadda ake dawo da shi zuwa rayuwa. Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai taimako da fa'ida akan batun.

Abubuwan shuka

Gloxinia - al'adun cikin gida mai ban sha'awa... Abubuwan da yake da shi shine furannin shuke-shuke, kuma tare da kulawa da kyau da yanayi mai kyau, har zuwa 15-20 buds na iya samarwa akan fure ɗaya. Gloxinia ɗan asalin ƙasar Brazil ne mai yalwar ganye. Girmanta ƙananan ne: tsayin babban balagagge yakai 15-30 cm.

A bayanin kula. Gloxinia tubers suna rayuwa tsawon shekaru 3-4, amma yayin da suke tsufa, furannin ba sa kyau sosai.

Ganyayyaki sun kai tsawon 15-25 cm, oval, an rufe shi da fluff, tare da gefunan da aka sassaka, rosette. Gloxinia ta yi fure daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta. A kan dogayen kafa, furanni, "gramophone" suna da yawa. Girman su yakai cm 10. Launi na iya zama ruwan hoda, da shunayya, da fari.

Cututtukan fungal da hanyoyin maganin su

A ƙasa za mu yi magana game da manyan cututtukan fungal da suka shafi pelargonium, da abin da kuma yaya za a iya yin magani.

Lightarshen bala'i

Wannan ita ce cuta mafi haɗari, tunda ba za a iya warkewa ba. Atearshen bala'i yana tasowa saboda tsananin ɗumi da tsallewar zafin jiki na digiri 9-20. Don ƙarshen bugun jini, waɗannan alamun alamun halayyar ce:

• jingina ga shuka gabaɗaya;
• samuwar launin ruwan kasa akan ganye;
• farin furanni a cikin cikin takardar.

Ci gaban kamuwa da cuta yana ko'ina kuma yana yaduwa cikin sauri. Ba za a iya warke daji da abin ya shafa ba; an cire shi tare da kasa. Don maganin rigakafi, ana yin fesawa tare da irin waɗannan magungunan: Kuprozan da Tseneb (40 g da lita 10 na ruwa).

Farin fure

Hankali! Wannan cuta an kafa ta ne a bayan asalin tsananin zafi da canjin yanayin zafi.

A gare shi, samuwar farin gizo gizo gizo halayya ce. Kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa ta hanyar ƙasa ko ta hanyar kaya. Cire abubuwan tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa, kuma ku kula da furen kanta da kayan gwari:

1. Bayleton.
2. Amma.
3. Quadris.
4. Rajok.
5. Gudun
6. Karkatar

Mildew mara nauyi

shi cututtukan fungal suna shafar saman shukar. Mara lafiya mara ganye, fara murɗawa a cikin bututu (zaka iya karanta wasu cututtukan ganyen gloxinia anan). Lokacin da ganyen petiole ya lalace, sai ya bushe ya ɓace. Wuraren da ba su da kyau sun kasance a wajen ganye. Suna iya zama launuka daban-daban:

• rawaya;
• launin ruwan kasa mai ja;
• shunayya.

Ci gaban maraƙin sanƙarau yana da tasiri ta dalilai masu zuwa:

• ƙananan zafin jiki na iska da dare;
• ƙasa mai guba mai yawa;
• babban zafi.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance fure.:

1. Jiyya tare da shirye-shirye tare da haɗin tagulla:
   • Thanos;
   • Topaz;
   • Vectra.
2. Da farkon samuwar 'ya'yan itace, fesa shuke-shuke da Gamair (tare da tazarar kwanaki 15).
3. Yin aiki tare da madara iodine. Haɗa lita 1 na madara mara mai tare da lita 9-10 na ruwa, ƙara 10-14 saukad da 5% iodine.
4. Ash jiko. Zuba 200 g na ash tare da lita 3 na ruwan zãfi. Kawo girman ruwa zuwa lita 10, tace da sarrafa tsirran.

Anthracnose

Magana. Cutar tana tattare da samuwar kananan launin ruwan kasa. Na farko, suna cutar da ganyayyaki, sa'annan su motsa zuwa mai tushe da buds.

Cutar tana dauke da saurin yaduwa, don haka cire shuka da abin ya shafa.

Don rigakafin, bi da fure tare da magunguna masu zuwa:

• jan ƙarfe oxychloride;
• Cuproxat;
• Oxyhom.

Ascochitosis

Cutar na tare da launin ruwan kasa ko ja a kan ganyayyaki, kuma a gefen gefen suna da launin ruwan kasa. Dalilin bayyanar shine ƙarancin zafi a cikin ɗaki. Ascochitis cuta ce mai hatsari... Duk ganyen da abin ya shafa dole ne a cire a kona shi.

Don adana tsire-tsire, bi da shi da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko magunguna irin su Vectra, Adiga-peak. Maimaita magani bayan kwanaki 7-10.

Septoria

Cutar naman gwari tana faruwa ne a bayan wani babban zafi, rashin isasshen haske da kuma shafe tsawon lokaci tare da ruwa. Sharar fure akan ganyen da yayi kama da tsatsa. Tushe, ganye da toho suna bushewa da sauri. Jiyya ya dogara da amfani da kayan gwari: Maneb, Benomil.

Ciwon ciki

Cutar na tasowa ne saboda tsananin danshi. Duhu zagaye aibobi suna yin ganyayyaki, launin ruwan kasa a tsakiya.

Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, ana sanya hawaye zuwa wuraren. Lokacin da aka samo alamun farko, kuna buƙatar bushe shuka.

Bayan haka aiwatar da magani tare da irin waɗannan kwayoyi:

• Ruwan Bordeaux;
• Oxychloride;
• Copper sulfate.

Fusarium

Hakan na faruwa ne saboda rashin ban ruwa da gurbatacciyar ƙasa. Ganyen shuka ya bushe ya kuma birkita, ya sayi launin ruwan kasa. Farkoki da ratsi mai duhu ana bayyane akan harbe.

Jiyya ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:

1. Sauyawa ƙasa.
2. Kurkura tubers da tushen a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate (5 g na potassium permanganate da 1 lita na ruwa).
3. Dasa fure a cikin sabo sabo. Yakamata ya zama mai haske da kuma gina jiki (karanta yadda ake dasa fure daidai a nan)
4. Bi da tare da kayan gwari.

Ruwan toka

Magana. Hakan na faruwa ne tare da rashin wadatacciyar iska da kuma tsananin danshi.

Bar da tushe suna shafar launin toka mai toka. Jiyya ya haɗa da masu zuwa:

1. Rage danshi na cikin gida.
2. Sandara yashi kaɗan ko vermiculite a cikin ƙasa. Wannan zai samar da iska mai kyau ga asalinsu.
3. Rage shayarwa.
4. Cire ganyen da rubabben abu ya shafa
5. Bi da tare da kayan gwari.

Me za'ayi da wasu cututtukan?

Na wasu cututtukan, ana yawan shuka shuka da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Bari mu bincika idan za mu iya taimaka ta wata hanya a cikin waɗannan lamuran.

Viroses

Wannan cuta tana tasowa ta bayan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suke ratsawa ta hanyar kwari ko kuma ƙwayoyin fungal. Wurare, ratsi-rami da dashes suna kan ganye da furanni. Babu cutar wannan cutar. Cire shukar da abin ya shafa daga tukunyar ta ƙone.

Kwayar cuta

Ana iya shigo da kwayoyin cuta tare da kayan aikin da ba a magance su ba, tukunya, ko kasar da ba ta da rigakafin cutar. Sun kayar:

• tuber;
• buds;
• kodan;
• ganye;
• mai tushe.

Bacteriosis ba za a iya magance shi. Game da kamuwa da cuta, kuna buƙatar rabu da furen. Rigakafin ya haɗa da amfani na yau da kullun na Zircon da Epin. Wadannan kwayoyi na kara karfin garkuwar jiki.

Kwari da yadda za'a kawar dasu

Kwari ba sa lalata tsire-tsire idan aka kwatanta da cututtuka daban-daban. Yi la'akari da wakilan irin wannan fauna.

Mizanin gizo-gizo

Waɗannan kwari suna bayyana ne saboda ƙarancin ɗanshi da busasshiyar iska. Da yake zaune a cikin fure ɗaya, sun zama mazaunan kusan mutane 100. Suna ciyar da ruwan tsire-tsire, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ɗigon haske ya kan ganye. Bayan lokaci, suna haske da bushewa.

A bayanin kula. Rage rigakafin bayyanar gizo-gizo mite an rage shi zuwa dubawa mai dacewa akan shuka.

Kara danshi a dakin da furen yake. Don magance kwaro, ana bayar da waɗannan matakan:

1. Maganin shuka tare da Fitoverm, shirye-shiryen Intovir.
2. Kula da ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke lalata kwasfa na larvae - Aldikabr, Temik.
3. Don kara zafin jiki, fesa shuka kuma sanya shi a cikin greenhouse.

Maimaita irin waɗannan abubuwan bayan kwanaki 10 don kawar da mutane masu ƙarfi. Mite na Cyclamen Waɗannan ƙananan kwari sun mamaye ƙananan ɓangaren ganye. Idan ya lalace, tsiron yakan daina girma, kuma dukkan sassansa sun lalace. A gefuna, ganyen yana lanƙwashe, sai kuma juyawar ta juya. Thewannan bushewa da ruɓewa, kuma furannin suna da sifa mara tsari.

Babban ɓangare na harbe ya bushe, ya samo launin ruwan kasa. Lokacin da akwai mutane da yawa, mulkin mallaka suna kama da tarin ƙura. Don magance tikitin cyclamen:

1. Maganin tsire-tsire tare da Fitoverm, shirye-shiryen Intovir.
2. Kula da ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke lalata kwasfa na larvae - Aldicabr, Temik

Tsawon lokaci

Thrips sun bambanta da sauran kwari a jikin su. Wasu mutane suna zama tare da tsire-tsire kuma suna zaune a can duk rayuwarsu, wasu sun fi son ganye. Suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ko ruwan sanyi. A gaban ɓarna, wuraren haske a kan ganyen furannin - ratsi ko shanyewar jiki. Suna haɗuwa akan lokaci.

Wannan yana haifar da narkar da furanni da ganye. Suka bushe suka faɗi ƙasa. An rage jiyya zuwa ayyuka masu zuwa:

1. Binciken fure. Idan aka sami mulkin mallaka akan kowane tsire-tsire, to cire shi daga sauran.
2. Yi amfani da ƙwayar ƙwayar fure.
3. Bi da dukkan tsire-tsire waɗanda suke kusa da waɗannan shirye-shiryen masu zuwa:
   • Fitoverm;
   • Akletik;
   • Vermitic;
   • Intavir.

   Tsarma su bisa ga umarnin. Bayan kwana 10, maimaita magani.

Garkuwa

Zaku iya gane girman kwaron ta gaban kasancewar saƙar zuma mai ɗanko akan ganyen. Kwaro ya bazu ko'ina cikin tsiron, yana shafar ƙwaya, ganye da toho. Yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na al'adun, yana hana shi abubuwan abubuwa. A ganye juya rawaya, bushe sama, ci gaban matasa harbe tsaya a nan ba.

Hankali! Idan baku fara magani cikin lokaci ba, to gloxinia zai mutu.

Jiyya ya ƙunshi ayyukan masu zuwa:

1. Tsaftace shuka daga kwari. Auki auduga a jiƙa shi a cikin maganin niƙa (lita 1 na ruwa da sabulu g g 20). Bi da dukkan sassan shuka tare da bayani, cire scabbards.
2. Fesa fure da maganin kwari - Bankol ko Aktar. Rufe shi da tsare na awa 1. Don iyakar sakamako, maimaita magani bayan kwanaki 3-4.
3. Tsirrai masu dauke da cutar, da kuma wanke wurin kamuwa da cutar sosai da ruwan sabulu.

Whitefly

Wannan kwaron fari ne mai launi, saboda haka yana da sauki a gano shi. Mutane masu tasowa suna da haɗari musamman. Karin kwari na ciyar da ruwan ganyen itacen.

Manya suna barin kayayyakin sharar su akan ganyen. Wannan yana haifar da yanayi mara kyau don hotunan hoto. Ganyayyaki sun fara ruɓewa, ƙwaƙƙwaran ya canza, ba a ɗaure ƙwayarsa ba.

Ana iya gabatar da kwari ta cikin ƙasa, wasu tsire-tsire, iska mai iska daga wasu furannin marasa lafiya. Idan cutar ta faru, to ana amfani da sunadarai masu zuwa don maganin kwari:

• Lokacin aiki CE;
• Actellik KE;
• Admiral;
• Kinmix;
• Oberon.

Suna yin aiki a kan hanjin ƙwayar cutar, wanda ke haifar da mutuwarsa.

Mealybug

Wannan kwaro yana barin takin mai sanko a kan ganyen. Saboda wannan, sun zama rawaya kuma sun faɗi. Girman harbe yana tsayawa. Mealybug parasite ne wanda yayi kama da aphids, kawai yana da fararen jiki. Kwari suna ciyar da ruwan ganyen da furanni. Kowane mutum yana da ƙwazo sosai.

Maganin parasites na balagaggu ba wai kawai ganye ba, har ma da tushen sa da ƙarfin fure.

Magana. Mealybugs kamar bushe da wurare masu dumi, don haka ƙarancin ɗanshi a cikin ɗaki ya kasance babban dalilin bayyanar su.

Jiyya ya haɗa da waɗannan ayyukan:

1. Shafe sassan da abin ya shafa tare da auduga da aka tsoma a cikin maganin barasa kuma jira minti 30, zai zama da sauki cire kwari.
2. Yi magani tare da shirye-shirye masu zuwa:
   • Karbofos;
   • Tsvetofos;
   • Intavir;
   • Decis;
   • Phosbecid;
   • Actellic.

   Don taimakawa maganin kwari da bin ƙwarin baƙi, ƙara 20 ml na ruwa mai wanke kwano.

Mafi yawan matsaloli da hanyoyi don rayar da fure

Masu lambu galibi suna mamaki game da ilimin ilimin cututtukan tsire-tsire da hanyoyin magance su. Bari muyi nazarin musabbabin matsaloli daban-daban da yadda za'a magance su.

Peduncles juya baki

Me yasa 'yan wasan yara zasu iya zama baƙi:

• wuce gona da iri;
• ma acidic dauki na kasar gona pH;
• yawan adadin takin mai dauke da sinadarin nitrogen.

Zaka iya gyara wannan matsalar kamar haka:

1. Canja ƙasa, daidaita watering.
2. Don kar a cika gona da sinadarin nitrogen, yi amfani da hadaddun mahadi wadanda suka kunshi phosphorus da potassium.
3. Gudanar da magani tare da Fitosporin, Maxim. Wannan zai kiyaye glandon gloxinia daga lalacewa.

Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya karanta game da dalilin da yasa gloxinia buds ya zama baƙi a nan.

Me yasa tushe ke mikewa?

Yawancin masu shuka ba su san dalilin da ya sa hakan ke faruwa ba da abin da za a yi a cikin halin da ake ciki lokacin da ƙwayar gloxinia ta yi tsawo sosai. Don magance wannan matsalar ta kowa, da farko, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa hakan na faruwa ne saboda dalilai biyu:

1. Haske mara kyau. Gloxinia al'ada ce mai son haske kuma, a ƙaramin haske, zata fara tsawa da kara. Maganin matsalar mai sauƙi ne - shigar da tukunyar fure a wuri mafi haske.
2. An cire tushe daga waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda ba a aika su "hutawa" ba. Wajibi ne a datse, in ba haka ba harbe-harben ba zai ba da dogon furanni mai kyau ba.
3. Yanayin iri-iri. Babu wani abu da za'a iya yi game da waɗannan, kuna buƙatar saka idanu a hankali kan hasken wuta. A ƙarƙashin elongation na varietal, ƙila akwai rashin haske, wanda yake bayyana a cikin ɗaukakar furanni.

Fure mai fure

Mahimmanci! Idan furannin gloxinia sun fara lanƙwasa, to wannan yana nuna cewa lokacin hunturu na al'adun yayi sanyi sosai ko kuma ana shayar dashi sau da yawa.

Ci gaban matsalar na iya shafar:

• ƙananan zafin jiki;
• zayyana;
• ƙasa mara kyau, ba wadatar da ma'adinai ba.

Hadadden takin mai dauke da sinadarin phosphorus, potassium da nitrogen zai taimaka wajen shawo kan matsalar. Saka tukunyar filawa a gefen kudu, daidaita ruwan.

Hoto

A ƙasa zaku iya ganin hotunan cututtukan gama gari da matsalolin gloxinia.

Kulawar gida

Mafi sau da yawa, gloxinia yana ruɓewa saboda rashin bin ƙa'idodi masu ƙayatarwa. Yi la'akari da abin da wannan tsire-tsire yake buƙata don kiwon lafiya.

Hasken wuta

Gloxinia ya fi son haske, amma yaɗa haske. Kai tsaye hasken rana baya karbuwa a gareta. Windows wanda ke fuskantar yamma ko gabas ya kasance wuri mai dacewa don sanya tukwane.

Shuke-shuke da ke girma a kan windows ta kudu suna buƙatar ƙarin inuwa, tun da hasken rana kai tsaye zai haifar da ƙonewa a jikin ganyayyaki.

Zazzabi

Lura! Tunda tsiron ya bayyana lokutan ci gaban aiki da dormancy, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye tsarin yanayin zafi.

A lokacin rani, a cikin ɗakin da gloxinia ke tsiro, kula da zafin jiki na digiri 20-22. A dare, ya halatta a rage zafin jiki zuwa digiri 18. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin lokacin bacci na gloxinia, masu nuna alamun digiri 10-14 ana ɗaukarsu masu daɗi.

Zafi

Yanayin iska ya kasance tsakanin 70-80%. Idan ruwa ya hau kan ganyayyaki da furannin gloxinia, zasu fara ruɓewa. Don yin danshi, sanya tukunyar a kan pallet cike da danshi kumbura yumbu ko tsakuwa.

Kasar gona

Gloxinia suna buƙatar ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin cakuda ƙasa ta musamman:

• Violet;
• Begonia;
• Saintpaulia.

Lokacin shirya substrate da kanka, yi amfani da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• ƙasa mai ganye - sassa 2;
• ƙasar peat - kashi 1;
• yashi kogi - kashi 1.

Ana buƙatar lambatu don fure. Dace da shi:

• fadada yumbu;
• wanke kwan ƙwai;
• Styrofoam.

Kuna iya ƙarin koyo game da buƙatun ƙasa don gloxinia a cikin wannan labarin.

Sauran mahimman matakan rigakafin

Wajibi ne a jika ƙasa yayin da take bushewa. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a zubar da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi ko a gefen tukunyar.A lokacin girma, yakamata yabanya ya zama mai yalwa. A wannan yanayin, yawan ruwa zai iya lalata furen, kuma zai ruɓe. Bayan an sha ruwa, a dora tukunyar akan danshi mai danshi. Sannan danshi mai yawa ya shiga ciki. Don jika kasar gona, yi amfani da ruwa mai kyau a dakin da zafin jiki.

Gloxinia yana buƙatar takin zamani don tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Sanya daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta kowane mako. Aiwatar ½ na maganin da aka nuna a cikin umarnin (Giant, Gumi). A lokacin dormancy, ba kwa buƙatar takin zamani. Karanta yadda ake samun ruwa yadda ya kamata da kuma ciyar da gloxinia anan.

Kuna iya koyo game da kula da gloxinia a nan, kuma a nan mun yi magana game da fasalin yadda ake noma shi a gida.

Don haka, gloxinia ƙasa ce mai sauƙi da taushi, wanda, idan ba a bi ka'idojin fasahar aikin gona ba, na iya cutar da kwari da cututtuka. Aikin mai sayar da furanni shine gano ɓarnar cikin lokaci kuma cikin gaggawa ta ɗauki matakan gyarawa.

Kalli bidiyon: Gamsasshen bayani game da illolin da sanyin mata ke haifarwa maza (Yuni 2024).