Me orchid yake cakuɗa soyayya kuma menene tsoronta? Shuka hotuna
Tun zamanin da, ana ɗaukar orchid a matsayin greenhouse, mu'ujiza ta ban mamaki, tunda ƙaramin yanki ne kawai zai iya samun irin wannan taskar a gidansu. Yanzu orchid shine mafi sauki kuma mafi yaduwar gidan gida. Haɗuwa da abubuwa daban-daban sun fara bayyana a kan ɗakunan ajiya.
A yau, akwai kusan nau'ikan orchids dubu 35, kuma wannan ba shi da yawa, ba kaɗan ba game da kashi 10 cikin 100 na dukkanin tsire-tsire a Duniya. Orchids sun bambanta cikin fasali da salon rayuwa. Suna cikin sifofin shuke-shuke da shuke-shuke, lianas, da lithophytes da epiphytes.
Menene?
Orchids suna ɗaya daga cikin iyalai masu yawa, ana samun wakilan su a duk nahiyoyin duniya, gami da kusan dukkanin yankuna masu yanayin yanayi banda Antarctica.
Cikakken bayanin bayyanuwa
Hadin Orchid yana al'ajabi tare da bayyanarsa... White zuwa duhu purple. Ana iya yin ado da orchid tare da aibobi da toho. Karamin fure ya kai santimita biyu, kuma mafi girma yana girma zuwa santimita goma sha biyar, amma wannan ba safai ba.
Tarihin asali
Orchids ya bayyana kimanin shekaru miliyan 130 da suka gabata. A wasu tsoffin ƙasashe, tarihin cakuda orchid ya fara kimanin shekaru dubu uku zuwa huɗu da suka gabata, kuma ana ɗaukarsu tsire-tsire masu magani. saurin ci gaba na orchids ya faru shekaru 55-60 shekaru da suka wuce.
Menene babban bambanci?
Babban bambanci tsakanin orchids da sauran tsirrai shine tsarin furannin.... Kofuna da ƙananan bishiyoyi an shirya su a jere a kewayen tsakiyar furen. Fentin da ke tsakiya yana kama da bayyanar lebe kuma ana kiransa Labellum. Na ƙasa kusan ana ragewa ko faɗaɗa shi.
Ortididdiga
Ofayan ɗayan shahararrun ƙananan -an itacen daɗaɗɗen orchid shine fure mai suna Anthurium Andre, cikakke don ƙirƙirar launuka masu haske a cikin gida.
Hoto
Duba hotuna iri iri na orchid a kasa.
Yaushe kuma ta yaya ake narkar da shi?
Don orchid ya haɓaka, dole ne a sanya shi a inda akwai inuwa.... Tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, shukar zata yi fure na dogon lokaci kuma ta farantawa wasu rai da kyanta.
Idan bai fure ba fa?
Ya faru cewa ya zama kore. Domin shuka ta yi fure, ya zama dole a yanke slingshot a saman zuwa farkon toho ko a yanke ƙwanƙwasa gaba ɗaya kuma sanya shi a cikin akwati da ruwa.
Kula kafin da bayan
Dole ne a ci gaba da kulawa bayan fure. Kulawa da shuke-shuken bayan furanni kusan iri daya ne da na magabata. Haɗin yana buƙatar danshi kuma ya kamata a fesa shi... Bayan shukar ta gama fure, to shima yana bukatar ciyarwa, amma rage adadin takin.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Mafi kyau don cakuda orchid, taga taga ta dace, windows na fuskantar yamma ko gabas, tunda za'a sami haske mafi kyau ga shuka.
Ana shirya ƙasa da tukunya
A cikin gidaje, wani lokacin a cikin hunturu da kaka, zafi na iya zama mai girma... Don kada ya cutar da shuka, ya zama dole a sa gansakuka. Consideredananan ƙaramin ɓangare na haushi an ɗauke shi babban ɓangaren ɓangaren matattarar mahaɗin orchid.
HANKALI: Idan kasar ta bushe, zata wuce da ruwa sosai. Sannan, lokacin da bawon ya kwashe awanni 48 a cikin ruwa, to ana bukatar a fitar da shi a tsabtace shi da kyau a ƙarƙashin famfo ko wanka.
Zazzabi da zafi
Ya kamata a saka orchid ɗin da aka gauraya a wurin da za a kiyaye shi daga zane daban-daban.... Zafin jiki mafi kyau don ci gaba na al'ada da haɓaka, da kuma kyakkyawan fure aƙalla sau biyu a shekara, zai zama digiri 22 zuwa 25 a ma'aunin Celsius.
Don tsirar ta kasance ta zama mai jan hankali, bambanci na digiri 5-6 a tsakanin dare da rana ya zama dole.
Moisturearancin danshi mafi kyau don haɗin orchid zai zama danshi kashi 70 cikin ɗari... Idan danshi ya sauka zuwa kashi 40-50, to ya kamata a fesa shi.
Hasken wuta
Babban abin da ke cikin girman wannan shuka zai zama haske.
Haske yana da mahimmanci ga gauraya orchid, amma yawan hasken rana yana haifar da ƙonawa akan ganyen.
Idan tsire-tsire yana kan gefen windows windows, to lallai ya zama dole a nemi inuwa ta wucin gadi, saboda wannan zaka iya amfani da labule. Haɗin Orchid ya zama aƙalla awanni 12 a rana a rana... Don tsirar ta girma da haɓaka gaba ɗaya, ya zama dole a juya shuka da dukkan bangarorin zuwa rana. Nesa ya zama aƙalla mita.
Orchid ya fi kyau a ajiye shi a cikin tukunya mai gaskiya, tunda ba kawai ganye ba, har ma tushen suna da hannu a cikin hoto.
Shayarwa
Kuna iya ƙayyade rashin busassun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar ɗaukar ɗan haushi a hannuwanku. Kada a kwashe ku da yawan shayarwa. Tushen suna buƙatar iska. Shayarwa sau da yawa na iya kashe orchid ɗinka... Lokacin shayarwa, substrate din ya zama yana da ruwa gaba daya. Hanya mafi kyawu ita ce sanya itacen orchid ɗinka a cikin kwandon ruwa tare da soda don mintina 20. Bai kamata a tukunya tukunyar da shi ba. Ya kamata a sami ramuka a ƙasan tukunyar don taimakawa haushi ya sha isasshen ruwa.
Phalaenopsis tsire-tsire ne na wurare masu zafi, saboda haka ya cancanci sanya ido akan yanayin zafin ruwan. Yakamata yayi sanyi sosai.
Ruwa sau biyu a mako a lokacin bazara da sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu a lokacin sanyi. Shawarwari gama gari ne ga kowa, amma kowane mai lambu dole ne ya tsara jadawalin yadda zai sha ruwa. Ruwa ya kamata a yi bayan substrate ta kafe.... Kuna iya ƙayyade bushewar ta haushi daga tukunya.
MUHIMMANCI: Shuke-shuken na iya yin rashin lafiya ya mutu idan ƙasa tana da ruwa sosai. Zai fi kyau a sanya tukunyar tsire a cikin kwandon ruwa na sulusin awa. Ruwan ya zama dumi, kimanin digiri 28.
Kalli bidiyo game da yadda yakamata a shayar da orchid:
Top miya
Kar a mamaye shuka saboda wannan na iya haifar da kuna zuwa tushen sa. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da takin mai magani wanda aka yiwa alama "don orchids".
Canja wurin
Ba lallai ba ne a maimaita haɗin orchid sau da yawa. Sau daya a shekara ya isa. Idan aka dasa shi yayin fure, zai iya shuka duk furannin.
Tukunyar gaurayayyen orchid ya kamata ya fi na baya girma, tare da ƙananan ramuka kuma a bayyane. Da farko, kafin dasawa, kana buƙatar bincika tushen sai ka yanke ruɓaɓɓen, kazalika da bincika raunin ɓarna da cututtuka.
Kalli bidiyo game da dasa dashen orchid daidai:
Sake haifuwa
Zaka iya zaɓar hanyoyi daban-daban na haifuwa na cakuda orchid, gwargwadon dacewar haifuwa... Akwai hanya mai sauƙi don haifuwa. Wannan yana buƙatar:
Cire tsire girma daga tukunya.
- Yanke rhizome daga bango, da kuma coma na ƙasa. Lokacin raba rhizome, kwararan fitila na ƙarya guda uku ya kamata su kasance.
- Sannan, dole ne a yayyafa tushen tsiron da gawayi.
- Sannan sanya su a cikin tukwane daban kuma ci gaba da kulawa ta al'ada.
Hakanan zaka iya girma orchid mai amfani ta amfani da tsaba. Amma ba a gida ba.
Cututtuka da kwari
- Tsawon lokaci... Bayyanannun azurfa da shuɗi masu launin shuɗi alama ce ta cin nasara. Bayyana saboda tsananin zafin jiki A yakin da ake yi da masu ci gaba, maganin kwari mai inganci zai taimaka.
- Mizanin gizo-gizo... Idan ƙaramin farin gizo-gizo ya bayyana a ƙananan ɓangaren ganye, kuma yadudduka masu launin rawaya sun fara bayyana a saman sassan ganyen. Bushewar iska itace sanadi. Wankin sabulu-alkaline zai taimaka wajen yakar su.
- Aphid... Yananan ne, shuke-shuke masu duhu. Suna zaune a duk yankin tsire-tsire. Babban dalili shine babban zafin jiki da ƙarancin zafi. Ruwan madara-madara (1: 1) da maganin kashe kwari mai sauki zasu taimaka wajen yakar su.
- Garkuwa... Lananan ƙwaro suna yin girma a kan ganyen orchid, a ƙarƙashin da suke rayuwa. Bayyana a yanayin zafi mai ɗaukaka. Ruwan madara-madara (1: 1) da maganin kashe kwari mai sauki zasu taimaka wajen yakar su.
Rigakafin matsaloli daban-daban
Don hana shuka lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka da kwari, ya zama dole a kiyaye kulawar da ta dace da ita.
Wannan nau'ikan orchid yana samun karuwa sosai a zamaninmu. Tsirrai babban zaɓi ne don masu sha'awar nishaɗi waɗanda suka fara shirya lambun cikin gidansu, kamar yadda cakuda orchid abu ne mai sauƙin kulawa... Babban abu shine a bi duk ƙa'idodin kula da ita, sannan orchid zai farantawa wasu rai da kyan shi kusan sau uku a shekara.