Menene bambanci tsakanin launuka "farin cikin namiji da mace", kuma ana iya sanya su gefe da gefe? Bayani game da spathiphyllum da nau'in anthurium

Spathiphyllum mazaunin yankuna masu zafi da abokin anthurium ana yawan girma a gida. Ana kiran Spathiphyllum "farin cikin mata" ko "furen mata".

An yi imanin cewa saboda tsiro, 'yan mata za su sami miji, kuma matan aure za su yi farin cikin aure. Dangane da wannan imani, ana kiran anthurium "farin cikin namiji", yana kawo sa'a da farin ciki ga rabin rabin maza. Wannan wani bangare ne yasa duk tsire-tsire suka zama "abokai na har abada" a aikin lambu na gida.

Bayanin tsirrai, yanayin kasa da asalinsu

Spathiphyllum da anthurium - a zahiri, iri ɗaya suke ko a'a? Dukansu biyun suna cikin jinsin shuke-shuken shuke-shuken shuke-shuken gidan Aroid ko Aronnikov. Yankin rarraba dukkanin tsirrai ya faro daga Tsakiya zuwa Kudancin Amurka, ana samun spathiphyllum a cikin Tsohuwar Duniya: Philippines, New Guinea, Palau, Solomon Islands.

Dukkanin tsire-tsire ana samun su ta hanyoyi daban-daban, daga cikinsu epiphytes, semi-epiphytes da hemiepiphytes sun mamaye.... A cikin daji, suna girma a kan bishiyoyi, suna sakin asalin iska waɗanda ke sauka zuwa ƙasa kuma suna cin abinci a kan dutsen dazuzzuka.

Amma "farin cikin mata" ba shi da tushe - ganyayyaki suna taruwa a cikin gungu kai tsaye daga ƙasa, "furen namiji" yana da kauri, galibi gajarta mai tushe. Ganyen shuke-shuke ya banbanta a hankali: a cikin spathiphyllum - ganye yana da siffar oval ko ta lanceolate tare da wata jijiya ta tsakiya daban-daban, fasalin ganye yana maimaita siffar fentin fure; a cikin anthurium, ganye ya banbanta a sifa daga fentin (spatulate, rounded, with obtuse tops), yana da zurfin tushe kuma yana da sheen mai.

Inflorescences (kunnuwa) na spathiphyllum suna da tabarau daga kodadde kore zuwa fari da oblong-elliptical siffar. Anthurium yana da nau'ikan siffofi da launuka na cob: conical, clavate, karkace; ja, ruwan hoda, lemu, shunayya ko fari, ko haɗuwa da shi. Furannin “farin cikin namiji” sun fi tsauri da yawa.

Sunayen shuke-shuke biyu sun fito ne daga haɗakar kalmomin Girka biyu. Spathiphyllum: "spata" - mayafi, "phillum" - ganye; anthurium - "anthos" - launi, "oura" - wutsiya. A cikin littattafan nazarin botanical an nuna sunayen Latin: Spathiphyllum da Anthúrium.

Magana! Godiya ga fararen furanni, ana kiran spathiphyllum "farin sail", da anthurium, don launi mai haske na furanni da kamannin siffar fure tare da alherin tsuntsu, ana yi masa laƙabi da "furen flamingo". Anthurium yana da wani sunan laƙabi - "furannin kakin zuma", wanda aka bayar don yawan kayan ado, wanda yayi kama da furanni na wucin gadi.

Spathiphyllum an gano shi a cikin 70s na karni na 19 daga masanin ilimin tsirrai na Jamusanci H. Wallis a cikin dazuzzukan Ecuador... Anthurium an gano shi a daidai wannan lokacin daga masanin botan na Faransa E.F. Andre yayin balaguro zuwa Kudancin Amurka.

A cikin girmamawa ga duka masu binciken, daga baya an sanya sunayen shahararrun irin wadannan tsirrai.

Hoto

Ari a cikin hoto zaku iya ganin yadda anthurium yake, farin cikin namiji, da kuma abokinsa spathiphyllum, farin cikin mata, waɗannan mazaunan wurare masu zafi waɗanda suka zama furannin cikin gida.

Wannan anthurium ne:

Kuma wannan shine spathiphyllum:

A hoto na gaba, zaku ga yadda furannin suke idan an kula dasu da kyau.

An ba shi izinin sanya shi kusa da shi?

Tunda duka spathiphyllum da kyakkyawan anthurium suna haifar da jituwa tare kuma suna da kyau kusa da juna, tambayar ko zai yiwu a kiyaye waɗannan furannin a kusa ya ɓace da kansa. Kodayake wasu masu noman suna "kiwo" saboda furannin mai son haske da kuma bukatar inuwa don spathiphyllum.

Za ku iya shuka tare a tukunya ɗaya?

Duk da sanannun alamu, gogaggun masu sayar da furanni basa bada shawarar shuka shuke-shuke a tukunya ɗaya, tunda suna buƙatar yanayi daban-daban na dasawa da kiyayewa (buƙatu daban-daban don shayarwa da haske, ƙasa don dasa spathiphyllum da anthurium shima daban ne) kuma wataƙila ba zasu haɗu ba. Tare da babban yuwuwar yiwuwar, fure mai amfani da "furen namiji" ba zai bada damar tushen tsarin "mace" ya bunkasa gaba daya ba, kuma na karshen zai mutu.

Nau'in spathiphyllum da anthurium

Akwai kusan nau'in 45 na spathiphyllum, shahararrun sune:

• Chopin - ganye da furanni suna da tsayi, kwalliyar ta zama kore. Mafi yawan rashin fahimta "furen mace".
• Cupid - ya fita waje tare da manyan petioles a gindi. Ba ya yin fure na dogon lokaci kuma yana samar da fewan dabaru; ana kimanta shi don launi mai tsami na ainihin furen.
• Da kyau - doguwa mai yalwa daga Maris zuwa Oktoba.
• Wallis - karamin-girma iri-iri wanda ya zama "uwa" don yawancin matasan.
• Mauna loa - mafi yawan nau'ikan matasan da ke fure kusan duk shekara; fure tana da kunnen bege mai kyau.

Anthurium shine mafi yawan jinsi na dangin sa, kuma yana da nau'ikan sama da 900. Mafi shahara:

• Andre - zai iya furewa daga wata 1 zuwa shekara guda. Cultivars da na aladu sun bambanta a tsayi, fasali da launuka da yawa na rawaya, lemu, ja da haɗuwa da launuka da yawa.
• Crystal - ya bambanta da koren velvety leaves da farin veins da kuma yellow cob.
• Scherzer - ƙarami a cikin girma (har zuwa 30 cm), ana rarrabe shi da wani sabon abu cob juya cikin karkace.
• Dakota - mashahuri, mafi ƙarancin buƙata iri-iri
• Hawa - yana yin dogon harbe (kamar lianas) tare da ganyayyaki mai tsayi, yana da kunnen rawaya kodadde

Kara karantawa game da nau'ikan da nau'o'in anthurium nan.

Kwatantawa a cikin kulawar gida

Kulawa	Spathiphyllum	Anthurium
Zazzabi	Lokacin bazara + 21-22 °, hunturu + 13-16 °	Lokacin bazara + 25-30 °, hunturu 16-20 °
Shayarwa	Shayarwa mai yawa da yayyafawa a lokacin rani, matsakaici a cikin hunturu	Ruwan matsakaici - ba fiye da sau ɗaya a mako ba a lokacin bazara, a cikin hunturu kowane sati 2-3
Hasken wuta	Penumbra, yada haske	Wuri mai haske, ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba
Yankan	An cire maɓuɓɓukan bayan fure; bushe, tsofaffi da ganyayyaki marasa lafiya an cire su	Mai kama da spathiphyllum
Firamare	Akasa mai raunin acidic: sod, ganye, peat, humus ƙasa da yashi tare da magudanun ruwa	Sako-sako da tsire-tsire na coniferous, leafy da peat ƙasa, an shimfiɗa farfajiya tare da gansakuka, layin ƙasa shine magudanar ruwa
Top miya	Takin ruwa don aroid a lokacin girma (Maris-Satumba), kowane sati 2-3	1 sau kowane wata a lokacin rani, tare da takin mai magani don shuke-shuke masu furanni na ado
Canja wurin	Kowane shekaru 3-5 a farkon bazara	Kowace shekaru 2-3, a cikin bazara
Wiwi	Tukunyar ƙasa ko tukunyar filastik. Potwanƙarar tukunya mai dacewa da girman shuka	Wide (tare da daki don ci gaban tushe), amma ba zurfi, yumbu, gilashi, ko tukunyar filastik
Wintering	Dormant lokaci daga Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu	Yana buƙatar ƙarin haske a cikin hunturu
Kulawa bayan sayan	Irƙirar yanayi don ƙaramin-greenhouse (rufe tare da jaka) tare da tsananin ɗumi a cikin watan farko	Dasawa na take bayan sayayya tare da cire cakuda kasar gona da kuma tushen da bai dace ba

Kara karantawa game da kula da anthurium a cikin wannan kayan.

Bambanci

Yi la'akari da yadda tsire-tsire suka bambanta.

Sake haifuwa

Spathiphyllum ta haɓaka musamman ta hanyar yankan ko raba daji, kasa sau da yawa tsaba. Anthurium za a iya yada shi ta hanyar rarraba daji, tushen jijiyoyin gefe, rarrabewa da kuma dasa bishiyar, cuttings da kuma daga tsaba.

Bloom

Spathiphyllum ya fara furanni a cikin bazara, inflorescences zai ɗauki tsawon watanni 1.5-2. Wasu nau'ikan sun sake fure a lokacin bazara. Spathiphyllum bashi da ƙamshi ko haske ne kuma ba kutse bane. Furannin "farin cikin mata" galibi fari ne, akwai wasu nau'ikan halittun da ke da ɗanyen launi.

Anthurium na iya yin fure daga Fabrairu zuwa Nuwamba lokacin ƙirƙirar microclimate mai dacewa... Duk nau'ikan warin antarium. Furannin “farin cikin mutum” suna al'ajabi da launuka da launuka iri-iri, galibi iri iri waɗanda ke ba furen jan inuwa ana girma a gida.

Mahimmanci! A lokacin furannin, ba abin shawara bane a samu ruwa a jikin inflorescences na shuke-shuke, in ba haka ba furannin na iya yin rashin lafiya su mutu.

Cututtuka

Ganyen Spathiphyllum na fuskantar chlorosis da hommosis. Ganyen Anthurium yana da saukin kamuwa da septoria, anthracosis (sanadiyyar kamuwa da cututtukan fungal), fusarium wilt, tsatsa, powdery mildew da ƙwayar ƙwanƙwasawa (wanda ya haifar da kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar thrips). Cutar cututtukan Anthurium ba sa warkewa, dole ne a lalata shuka.

Idan ba a bi ƙa'idodin kulawa ba, duka tsire-tsire suna da alamun:

1. bayyanar tushen ruɓa;
2. bayyanar aibobi akan ganye;
3. rawaya, bushewar gefuna;
4. canji a launi launi.

Kara karantawa game da cututtuka da kwari a nan.

Me kuma za ku iya girma tare da su a cikin ɗaki ɗaya?

Ba'a ba da shawarar shuka wasu tsire-tsire a cikin akwati ɗaya tare da anthurium ko spathiphyllum... A kan windowsill ɗaya, tare da anthurium, tsire-tsire masu ɗumi da masu son haske za su sami tushe, misali:

• aphelandra;
• coleus;
• sankhetia;
• dieffenbachia da sauransu.

Akasin haka, tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi son inuwa da danshi za su zama maƙwabta masu kyau don spathiphyllums, misali:

• dracaena;
• violet;
• mace mai kiba;
• ficus;
• ferns da sauransu.

Hankali! Dole ne a tuna cewa ruwan tsire-tsire masu guba ne, don haka guji hulɗa da fata da sauran tsire-tsire.

Spathiphyllum tsire-tsire ne masu ƙarancin sha'awa da kamewa fiye da anthurium. "Furen mace" ya fi dacewa da zama a yanayin girma ba na al'ada ba. "Farin cikin namiji", bi da bi, shine mafi ban sha'awa daga mahangar kayan ado - yana da wadatattun nau'ikan nau'ikan, inuwowi da sifofi daban-daban na furanni da ganye.

Muna ba ku don kallon bidiyo mai bayani game da spathiphyllum da anthurium:

Kalli bidiyon: Hira da BBC tayi da mawaki nura m inuwa akan watsa masa acid daakayi da kuma nasarorin sa (Satumba 2024).