Abin al'ajabi mai ban sha'awa a cikin lambun ku shine wisteria. Noma da kulawa a fili

Wisteria ita ce liana tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi wanda ke sauƙaƙe lambun ya zama aikin fasaha cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Babban bako mai tsayi ne, mai kama da bishiyoyi tare da manyan gungu na dangin legume. Blooms wisteria goge suna samar da ruwa. Babban shuka ya kai mita 15-20 a tsayi. Sunan wisteria na biyu shine wisteria.

Wisteria asalin ƙasar China da Japan ne, kuma tana girma ne a kudancin Amurka. A tsakiyar Rasha, wasu nau'ikan ne kawai ke samun tushe a cikin filin budewa. Amma, da sanin farillan namo da kulawa a cikin yanayin Rasha, zaku iya yin nasara kuma ƙirƙirar kyawawan lambun Adnin a wani yanki na kewayen birni.

Iri-iri don gonar tare da hoto

Wisteria, memba ce daga cikin shuke-shuke masu hawa dendroid, tana jin daɗin yanayi mai dumi... Godiya ga ƙoƙarin masu kiwo, nau'ikan wisteria sun bayyana waɗanda zasu iya jure yanayin ƙarancin yanayi.

Akwai nau'ikan wisteria guda 9 da aka sani, amma uku ne kawai ke girma a cikin filin buɗe yankin mu na canjin yanayi: wisteria na ƙasar Sin, yawan wisteria ko floribunda da shrub.

Sinanci

Za mu taƙaita bayanin shahararrun nau'ikan wisteria na ƙasar Sin, waɗanda aka dasa su a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Wannan wisteria an rarrabe ta da adadi mai yawa na nau'ikan tare da tabarau daban-daban na inflorescences.

• Wisteria "Shuɗin yaƙutu na kasar Sin" tare da furanni shunayya yana yin tsayin mita 15-20 a tsayi.
• "Alba" - liana mai ado na tsawon lokaci tare da gungu-dunƙulen fararen fararen dusar ƙanƙara, harbe-harbe sun kai tsawon mita 25 a tsayi, suna yin furanni sau biyu a kakar.
• "Mai yawan gaske" - nau'ikan furanni masu yawa tare da furanni masu shunayya.
• "Sierra Madre" - wisteria tare da furannin lilac-purple, suna fure a baya fiye da sauran nau'ikan.
• "Kamawa" - wisteria ya zama sananne saboda furanni biyu na shunayya.

Mahimmanci! A cikin filin bude, ana noman wisteria na ƙasar China a kudancin Rasha, a cikin Crimea, a cikin Caucasus da kuma Ukraine.

Multi-flowered

Multiple florous wisteria (floribunda) - wani nau'in wisteria ya fi China ƙarfi da sanyi-sanyi. Blooms makonni 2-3 daga baya. Vines na wannan nau'in sun kai tsayin mita 8-10.

Mashahuri iri:

• "Celestina" - tare da furannin lilac-shuɗi.
• "Multiyuga" - tare da furannin lilac-shuɗi tare da tushen rawaya.
• "Rosea" - farin-ruwan hoda wisteria tare da furanni har zuwa 45 cm.
• Lu'u-lu'u Na Sarauta - tare da furanni purple-violet.

Shrub

Shrub wisteria an san shi da Ba'amurke, mahaifarsa - Amurka. An samu nasarar girma shrub wisteria a cikin Rasha, Belarus da Ukraine.

Winter wisteria

Tambayar hunturu tare da kyawawan ƙauyuka an warware ta ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun zaɓaɓɓu na daidai don yankin canjin yanayi. Bai kamata ku shuka wisteria na kasar Sin a cikin unguwannin bayan gari ba, zai mutu ko fure zai yi karanci. Duba kusa da Watan Wata mai taurin kai.

Yadda ake ratsa hunturu: Zaɓi nau'in da ya dace don yanayinku kuma ku sadu da kwanakin shuka. Ka tuna: an dasa shuki da dasa shi a cikin bazara!

Da yake magana game da dasa shuki a cikin bazara, bari mu bayyana hakan ana shuka tsaba don shuka a ƙarshen kaka... An dasa shukokin da suka girma a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin bazara a yanayin zafin iska na aƙalla digiri 20-22. Wasu masu shuka suna shuka iri a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin bazara, suna shuka shuki a lokacin bazara, suna kula da su kamar shuke-shuke na manya. Seedwayar ƙwaya tayi ƙasa - 25%.

Mahimmanci! Lokacin girma wisteria a yankuna masu sanyi na Rasha, rufe a hankali don hunturu. Rufe rassan da ganyen da suka fadi. Kawai shuke-shuke ne na manya waɗanda suke da katako mai ƙarfi suna iya yin bacci ba tare da mafaka ba.

Yadda za a zaɓi wurin da ya dace don shuka?

Ina wuri mafi kyau don dasa shuki akan shafin? Don sanya wisteria jin daɗi da jin daɗin fure mai daɗi, bi waɗannan ƙa'idodin:

• Zaɓi wuri mai faɗi akan rukunin yanar gizon, tsiron yana girma da sauri.
• Wuri mai haske mai kyau ya zama dole, itacen inabi ya kamata a nuna shi zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye na awanni 5-6 a rana.
• Kare daga zayyana da iska mai ƙarfi, sanya wisteria a bangon kudu na gidan.
• Yi la'akari da tsarin haɗin yanar gizon da amfani da wisteria don yin ado bangon gidan, gazebos da farfajiyoyi.
• Zaɓi ƙasa mai gina jiki da sako-sako da, ɗan alkaline tare da ƙaramin abun lemun tsami tare da magudanan ruwa mai kyau ya dace. Guji dasa shuki a wuraren dausayi.

Hanyoyin girma

A waje, wisteria ta girma ta hanyoyi huɗu: tsaba, grafting, kwance layering, cuttings.

Tsaba

1. Muna shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Nuwamba a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin kwantena a cikin gidan.
2. Forasa don tsire-tsire: mun ɗauki peat, humus da sod ƙasar a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 3. A saman Layer na kasar gona cakuda shi ne yashi.
3. Muna shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 4 cm.
4. Yi danshi da kuma rufe shi da tsare.
5. Irƙiri inuwar yanayi don iri ya fito.
6. Samun iska da moisturize a kai a kai.
7. A cikin wata daya, harbe na farko zai bayyana, yayi girma a cikin inuwar m.
8. Kafin dasawa zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, tsirrai sun taurare, an bar su na yini a cikin lambun.
9. Nemo wuri mai kyau don wisteria ta amfani da jagororin da ke sama.
10. An dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai dumi a bazara, yanayin ƙasa yana da digiri 20-22.
11. Indentation don shuka shine cm 50, diamita na rami 60 cm.
12. Dasawa cikin ramin, a hankali cire seedling da kwallon kasa daga tukunyar.
13. Mix ƙasa tare da humus, ƙara takin mai ma'adinai, yashi.
14. Shuka tsire a nesa na 50 cm.

Ba za ku iya dasa wisteria kusa da gonar batunda yana da guba.

Informationarin bayani game da ci gaban wisteria daga tsaba yana nan.

Alurar riga kafi

Alurar riga kafi ita ce hanya mafi yawan lokacin haifuwa. Don girma ta wannan hanyar kuna buƙatar:

1. Shuka tsire-tsire marasa nau'in iri iri daga tsaba kuma dasa su cikin ƙasa.
2. Da zarar tushen sun faɗi 6 mm, fara farawa.
3. A lokacin faduwar, tono tsire-tsire kuma raba tushen daga tushe.
4. Sanya tushen a cikin kwantena tare da yashi kuma sanya a wuri mai sanyi mai duhu.
5. Kafin Sabuwar Shekara, ana sanya tsirrai a wuri mai dumi, bayan makonni biyu, yi alurar riga kafi.
6. Yankan 6 cm a tsayi ya kamata su sami ƙwaƙƙwan ƙwayoyi da yawa.
7. A saman ƙananan toho, yi yanka na 2-3 cm, iri ɗaya ake yi akan asalin da ba na bambancin jini ba.
8. Haɗa tsire-tsire a yanke kuma amintacce tare da tef mai ƙyalli.
9. Nitsar da wisterias biyu a cikin ƙasa ta musamman da aka shirya ta zuwa matakin dasawa kuma a rufe ta da tsare.
10. Jira harbe daga kumburin axillary.

A lokacin bazara, dasa shukar a cikin buyayyar ƙasa, ka'idojin dasa wisteria a cikin ƙasa, da kuma lokacin dasa shuki daga iri.

Takamaiman kwance

Wannan hanyar haifuwa sananniya ce, tunda dasa shuki a buɗaɗɗen fili baya buƙatar ilimi na musamman, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da ɗorawa.

1. Yada ta hanyar shimfidawa a cikin bazara har sai ganye ya bayyana.
2. A kan babban tsire-tsire, zaɓi ƙwarin lafiya kusa da ƙasa.
3. Tare da wuka mai kaifi a tsakiyar tsayin, yi yanka oblique a cikin layin.
4. Bi da raunin da indoleacetic acid.
5. Shirya kwantena tare da tukunyar tukunya ta musamman kamar na shuka.
6. Sanya yadudduka akan kwantena tare da yankan ƙasa, yayyafa da ƙasa don kawai saman ya kasance a saman.

A ƙarshen lokacin rani, yankan zai sami tushe mai ƙarfi, amma ana iya dasa su daga uwa uwar bazara.

Yankan

Yankewa shine hanya mafi sauƙi don yada wisteria:

1. Don samun abun yanka a farkon bazara, takeauki shoan harbe daga shekarar da ta gabata kuma a yanke yankewa akansu a ƙarƙashin buds.
2. Wurin yankan an dasa shi a cikin tukunya.
3. Ieulla saman harbi zuwa tallafi don ƙarfafawa.
4. A ƙarshen bazara, harbin zai sami tushen dasa shi.
5. Dasa sabon zuwa sabon wuri bazara mai zuwa.

Ka'idojin dasa itacen wisteria a cikin kasa kusan iri daya ne da yadda ake dasa shuki daga tsaba. Bambanci shine cewa diamita na ramin ya kai 70 cm.

Kulawa bayan saukowa

Idan shawarwari akan zaɓi na iri-iri, shafin shuka, zaɓin ƙasa aka ɗauka cikin lamuran, to yana da sauƙin kulawa da wisteria. Bi shawarwarin:

• bayan dasa shuki, sanya ciyawar daga 10-12 cm sama da abin wuya;
• wani ɓangaren peat mulch a lokacin rani zai ceci tushen daga zafi fiye da kima da bushewa, kuma a cikin hunturu daga sanyi;
• ruwa sau 2-3 a mako;
• ciyar da kai tsaye tare da takin mai ma'adinai;
• feshi, tsiron yana son danshi, amma ku guji daskarewa saboda tushen bazai rube ba;
• gyara sabbin harbe don samar da kyakkyawan kambi.

Yi amfani dashi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri

Yana da sauƙin amfani da wisteria a cikin ƙirar lambarku. Zaɓi nau'ikan da ake so, ku kula da wisteria kuma kuna da tatsuniya almara! Wisteria tana kunshe da kowane irin tsari: gazebo, gida ko farfaji kuma yana ƙirƙirar lambun rataye mai ban sha'awa. Tare da taimakon wisteria, suna yin ado da kiban baka, suna kawata bangon gidan. An haɗu da ƙa'idodin kasuwanci zuwa bangon kuma ana jagorantar wisteria tare dasu.

Cututtuka masu yiwuwa da kwari

Duk da halin ta na kudu, wisteria ba abun birgewa bane, amma wani lokacin matsaloli na faruwa. Bari muyi la'akari da wasu daga cikinsu da ingantattun mafita.

1. Wisteria baya fure. A wannan yanayin, rage takin mai magani da takin nitrogen, sake fasalin fasahar pruning, bincika yanayin hasken wuta.
2. Ganyen Wisteria ya zama rawaya. Matsalar ita ce kasar alkaline. Ciyar da tsire tare da gishirin ƙarfe.
3. Wisteria yana fama da cutar aphids ko mitever. An lalata kwari da magungunan kwari, ana aiwatar da feshi na magani.
4. Liana ta kafe ta mutu. Jika busasshiyar ƙasa kuma ta sassauta shi, magudana shi. Za a buƙaci dasawa.

Kyawun kudu ya rayu shekara dari. Bi shawarwarin don kulawa da noman waje kuma wisteria za su faranta maka rai har abada!

Kalli bidiyon: WAYE WACE? KO NUNA SHA,AWA A FILIHausa SongsHausa Films (Satumba 2024).