Mutuwar tashi Mona Lisa - duk bayani game da fure

Fure fure. Me muke tunani lokacin da muke faɗin wannan kalmar? Kyakkyawa, alheri, ɗanɗano mai ƙamshi wanda ke motsa kowannenmu kuma yake faranta masa rai.

Masu kiwo sun yi dogon gwaji da kuskure don kawo waɗannan furanni masu ban mamaki cikin duniya. A yau za mu yi magana game da nau'ikan wardi na Mona Lisa floribunda. A cikin labarin, zaku karanta bayanin wannan fure, ku gan shi a hoto, kuma ku koyi yadda ake kulawa da yaduwa.

Bayani da hoto

Wannan fure yana cikin jerin "Soyayya" kuma daga shekara zuwa shekara yana ƙara zama sananne. Abubuwan inflorescences suna kama da kwanciyar hankali da yanayi zuwa polyanthus, a cikin siffar furannin suna kama da wardi na matasan shayi. Furanninta manya-manya (har zuwa 9 cm) suna da launi mai duhu ja ja, ninki biyu (har zuwa 90 bp) buds suna da girma, a ƙananan inflorescences har zuwa 5 guda. Theanshin yana da haske ƙwarai, da dabara. An yi ado da kara da kananan ganye masu duhu masu haske.

Gandun daji sun kai tsayin 70 zuwa 80 cm. Maimaita fure: yana fure har zuwa ƙarshen kaka (Yuni zuwa Oktoba), kusan ci gaba. Ba shi da kyau, mai juriya da sanyi (yanki na biyar na tsananin sanyi daga -26⁰C zuwa -29⁰C), mai tsayayya ga cututtuka (tabo baƙi, fure mai laushi), matsakaicin juriya ga ruwan sama. An ba da lambar yabo ta ADR, lambar azurfa ta gasar Monza.

Duba yadda wannan furen ke kamawa a hoto.

Tarihin asali

An samu dangin floribunda ta hanyar tsallaka wardi-polyanthus na wardi tare da matasan shayi da sauran rukunin lambun. "Floibunda" a zahiri yana nufin "yaɗuwa sosai".

Nau'in da kansa, Mona Lisa, sabo ne tun lokacin da kamfanin Meilland International na Faransa ya gano shi a cikin 2007.

Kara karantawa game da mafi kyawun iri da nau'ikan wardi na Floribunda a nan, kuma daga wannan labarin zaku koyi ƙa'idodin kulawa da haɓaka furewar wannan fure.

Bambanci daga wasu nau'in

Mona Lisa wardi ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan tare da tsananin tsananin damuna, juriya na cuta da dogon furanni.

Bloom

Roses suna fure daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba, ana tattara kowane fure a cikin ɓacin rai, a kan ƙafa ɗaya za'a iya samun furanni 5 a lokaci guda.

Kula kafin da bayan

Domin furanni su faranta maka rai da kyawawan furannin su muddin zaka iya, kana buƙata:

• na yau da kullun da wadataccen ruwa;
• ciyarwar yanayi (sauyin ma'adanai da kwayoyin halitta);
• sassautawa da mulching kasar gona;
• yankan.

A farkon bazara, zaka iya ƙara peat da taki a cikin ƙasa, don haka daji zai sami ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki.

Da farkon lokacin hunturu, wardi na buƙatar kariya. Duk da rashin dacewar su, suna buƙatar rufe su:

• yanke dazuzzuka a rabi;
• cire sauran ganye;
• dunkule ƙasa;
• rufe shi da ganyen itacen oak, rassan spruce.

Murfin dusar ƙanƙararku ya shirya.

Idan bai fure ba fa?

Kowane mutum na iya fuskantar gaskiyar cewa wannan nau'in furannin ya daina jin daɗi tare da ƙwayarsa. Wannan yana nuna kulawa mara kyau. Dalilin na iya zama:

• shan kashi ta hanyar cututtukan fungal wadanda ke hana ci gaban furanni;
• ƙasa mara dacewa (acidity na ƙasa ya zama 6-7 pH);
• tsananin sanyi (dole ne a shirya shuka don hunturu a gaba).

Hankali! Kiyaye gadon furanni inda wardi ke girma, tsaftace ƙasa daga ciyawar da ke hana danshi shiga.

Yi amfani dashi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri

Akwai wuri don waɗannan kyawawan furanni a cikin kowane lambu. Fure na iya zama tushen lambun fure, canza juzu'i, amfani da shi a cikin rukuni ko shuka ɗaya. Shuka ta dace da kowane salon shimfidar wuri.

Umarnin kulawa da mataki-mataki

Wuri

Kiwan lafiya na fure ya dogara da wurin shuka.... Wajibi ne a sami wurin haske inda shuka zata iya zama a cikin inuwa a cikin zafin rana, wannan zai taimaka don kauce wa ƙonewa kusa da petal. Hakanan, wardi zai zama da kwanciyar hankali a cikin wani kusurwa inda babu tsayayyen bushewa koyaushe.

Lokaci

Floribundas suna son watanni masu dumi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Mayu. Koyaya, idan kun yanke shawarar dasa furanni a lokacin bazara, to yakamata ku fara zuwa tsakiyar watan Satumba, domin kafin farkon sanyi zasu sami lokacin da zasu kafu. Ayyadaddun lokacin shuka don tsakiyar tsakiyar Oktoba.

Menene ya kamata kasar gona?

Soilasa mai numfashi yana aiki sosai don shuke-shuken fureinda za a wadata shuka da isasshen danshi da iska.

Don yin nauyi clayey chernozem haske, peat, compote, yashi ko humus ya kamata a kara musu.

Idan ƙasa ta yi haske sosai, to lallai ya zama dole a ƙara ƙasa ta yumbu tare da ƙarin ƙasar sod, takin ko humus. Yanayin ƙasa mai dacewa shine ɗan acidic. Mafi zurfin zurfin ruwan karkashin kasa yana da akalla 100 cm.

Saukowa

Mun lissafa sanannun hanyoyin sauka.

Girma daga tsaba

Yana da matukar mahimmanci a sayi iri mai inganci... An dasa su a cikin ƙasa don bin tsarin kulawa. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa irin wannan shuka zai ba da talla ɗari bisa ɗari ba, yawanci ana samun harbe da yawa daga fakiti.

Mahimmanci! A gida, wannan hanyar ba ta da tasiri, tunda yana da wahala a kiyaye halayen halayen wardi.

Sapings

Yadda za a zabi seedling? Yawaitar yakamata ya sami harbe-harbe iri uku cikakke tare da baƙan haushi da kuma tsarin tushen ci gaba mai tushe da yawa. A diamita na abin wuya abin tushe ya zama iri ɗaya a sama da kuma sama da shafin inoculation kuma kada ya wuce 5-8 mm.

• Hanya ta farko... Ana yin saukowa tare. Zuba abin da aka shirya a cikin ramin, sannan a sauke tsirrai a ciki zuwa zurfin cm 8. Mutum na biyu ya shimfiɗa tushen sai ya cika su da cakuda ƙasa, yana matsewa da hannuwansa. Bayan haka, ana shayar da shukar har sai danshi ya cika gaba ɗaya kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa, yana barin har zuwa bazara. Lokacin dasa shuki, yi ƙoƙari kada ka lalata haushi a wuya da kwarangwal.
• Hanya ta biyu... An zubar da guga na ruwa tare da kwamfutar hannu na heteroauxin ko sodium humate a cikin ramin. Riƙe seedling da hannu ɗaya, saukad da shi zuwa tsakiyar ramin, tare da ɗayan, a hankali cika cakuda ƙasa. Karamin kasar gona lokaci-lokaci kuma girgiza shukar. Ba a buƙatar shayarwa a wannan yanayin. Idan ƙasa ta lafa, ɗaga ɗan tsiro kaɗan ta hanyar ƙara ƙasa da tudun dutsen a cm 15. Bayan da ake buƙatar inuwar shuki, wannan zai ɗauki kwanaki 10-12.

Zazzabi

Rose Mona Lisa tana jure yanayin hunturu na Rasha sosai, ƙarancin sanyi yana bashi damar jure yanayin ƙarancin ƙasa zuwa -29⁰C.

Shayarwa

Duk wani tsiro yana bukatar ruwa... Ka tuna cewa yawan amfani da ruwa ba iri daya bane yayin matakai daban daban. A lokacin lokacin ci gaba mai mahimmanci (budding, bayyanar ganye) da kuma bayan fure na farko, fure (sabon harbe) yana buƙatar shayarwa. Kada a shayar da furannin a cikin zafin rana, a fesa, ba tare da an hau kan ganyen ba, ruwan da aka daidaita daga ban ruwa ba tare da bututun ruwa zuwa gindin daji ba.

Kamuwa da cuta da rigar ganye da cututtukan fungal ke ƙaruwa da dare.

Da farkon kaka, ya kamata ku guji shayarwa... Bukatar danshi yakan taso idan kasar ba ta da ruwa ta hazo.

Top miya

Ana amfani da hade da takin gargajiya don ciyarwa. Lura cewa floribunda yana yin tasiri ga gishiri a cikin maganin ƙasa, a guji yawan takin mai magani.

Kafin dasa shuki wardi, ya kamata ƙasa ta zama tare da taki saniya.... An cika shi a saman layin, yana ƙara kusan kilogram 1m2 akan ƙasa mai haske, kusan rabin wannan ƙimar - akan ƙasa mai nauyi.

Kada a bar asalinsu su yi mu'amala da taki sabo, wannan zai haifar da da illa ga seedling.

Ana amfani da takin mai magani daga shekara ta biyu, ana yin hakan kowace bazara da bazara.

Gulma

Sakin ciyawa na yau da kullun zai kiyaye shuka daga tushen sa.

Mulching

Kafin mulching, an rufe ƙasa da kayan abu na musamman (ganye, peat, hay ko tsohuwar taki). Yi amfani da ciyawa ko bene don kiyayewa mai dacewa. Yada laushi na 8 cm na ciyawa tsakanin bishiyoyin fure bayan yankan da kuma kula da gadaje.

Ragewa

Rose bushes bukatar sako-sako da ƙasa domin ci gaba da ci gaba.inda danshi, iska da zafi suke ratsawa. Saukewa zai taimaka wajen ajiye ruwa don ban ruwa da hadi. Ana aiwatar da aiki a zurfin da bai wuce 10 cm ba.

Yankan

Shekarar farko

• Faduwa... Rage mai tushe, datsa cututtukan asalinsu kafin dasa shuki.
• Bazara... Rage manyan harbe ta tsawon 3-5 daga tushe na daji.
• Faduwa... Gyara manyan tushe, fure-fure da kuma yanke harbe-harben da ba na izini ba.

Na biyu

• Bazara... Afrilu-Maris. Yanke duk wani mataccen mai tushe da kuma harbe-harbe.
• Faduwa... Satumba Oktoba. Fitowa da tsire-tsire da manyan tushe. Yanke maras furanni. M shekaru.
• Bazara... Wajibi ne a cire matattun sassan furanni, mai ƙarfi mai tushe da kuma harbe-harbe waɗanda suke girma a ciki. Ya kamata a yi kaurin tsakiyar daji a kawar da tsohuwar mai tushe.

Yi amfani da kaifin pruner ko lambun var.

Canja wurin

Yankan ya dace da wannan. A algorithm ne mai sauki:

1. yanke itacen itace;
2. cire ƙaya da ganye;
3. bi da sassan tare da shirye-shirye na musamman;
4. saita yankan rabi zuwa rami;
5. tsaya a kan tazara na 20-30 cm;
6. rufe tare da tsare har sai rutin;
7. ruwa, bar iska ta dasa shukokin kuma ta sassauta kasar.

Ideoye matasa harbe don hunturu, kawai bayan haka ana iya dasa bushes a cikin sabon wuri.

Ana shirya don hunturu

Kafin tsugunawa, yanke wardi kuma ka zuga kasa a gindin daji... Gina firam na katangan koren, slats, bayanan martaba ko waya, ya kamata ya zama sama da cm 20-30 a kan tsire-tsire An shimfiɗa rufi a kanta, an shimfiɗa fim daga sama, ramuka masu gefe sun kasance.

Wardi cikin sauƙin haƙuri sanyi, don haka babu buƙatar gaggawa zuwa mafaka.

Iri da hanyoyin haifuwa

Yankan

Yanke sassan har zuwa kusan 10 cm tsawo, har zuwa 0.7 cm lokacin farin ciki, cire ganye da ƙaya. Sanya su cikin phytohormone don inganta rooting. Ramin ya zama fiye da 10 cm, tare da gefe ɗaya madaidaiciya, inda yankan zai jingina. Nagari dasa nesa 15-20 cm... Sannan muna rufe wannan tsarin da fim kuma lokaci-lokaci muna cire shi don kulawa (sakawa, shayarwa, da sauransu). Kar ka manta da cire weeds, zasu hana haɓakar furanni.

An shirya yankakke daga samari, bushes masu ƙarfi.

Budding

Hanyar tana da matukar rikitarwa, dangane da ƙwararru. An sanya scion ga mai bayarwa, hancin fure na daji, suna ɗaure da juna har tsawon wata ɗaya don kar ya ɓata girma. Yanka an rufe shi da farar lambu... Bayan makonni biyu, muna duba koda, idan ta kasance kore ta kumbura, komai ya yi kyau, in ba haka ba sakamakon bai yi nasara ba.

Cututtuka da kwari

Mafi shahararren kwari: mites gizo-gizo, launuka masu launin shuɗi ko sawflies. DDT, Isophene ko Akrex sun hallakar da kwandon gizo-gizo da ross sawflies Ana iya cire apids ta hannu ko tare da taimakon Rogor da sauransu.

• Tsatsa... Ana bi da jan-zane a cikin ganyayyaki tare da shirye-shiryen zinc.
• Black tabo... Black spots a kan ganyayyaki da cewa suna da juna. Kuna iya amfani da jiko na mullein, idan wannan bai taimaka ba, to aiwatar dashi tare da Kaptan.
• Maganin fure... Manyan launuka masu launin ja-launi wanda aka rufe su da furanni. Ya kamata a bi da shi da mullein jiko ko amfani da magungunan kwari Benlat, Karatan.

Kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓatacciyar ƙasa kusa da yankin shuka domin kare tsire daga wannan cutar.

Abubuwan ban mamaki, kulawa mai sauƙi da kyan gani za su burge duk mai son yanayi. Wannan fure ɗin ya dace da mai kula da lambu da ƙwararren masani a fagen su. Godiya ga furaninta, Mona Lisa zata faranta muku rai sama da shekara guda.

Kalli bidiyon: Mona Lisas Smile - First Lesson scene (Satumba 2024).