Yanayi don bayyanar furanni a lemun tsami. Nuances na kulawa da matsalolin tsarin halitta
Lemon sanannen shukar gida ne. Amma don samun daga wannan citrus ba kawai tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa ba, har ma da fruitsa fruitsan itace cikakke, ya zama dole a ƙirƙira masa yanayi masu dacewa.
Labarin da ke kasa yana ba da bayani kan yanayin da ya kamata a kirkira domin lemo ya yi fure, matsalolin da ake fuskanta yayin fure, da kuma nasihohi masu amfani da dabaru na kula da tsiron citrus.
Bloom a gida
Lemons sun fito ne daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Waɗannan bishiyoyi ne masu ƙarancin ganye, ƙananan bishiyoyi tare da shuke-shuke masu launin fata masu haske. Lemon furanni a cikin yanayin su na bazara kuma ana iya girbe shi a kaka.
A gida, don furannin lemon, dole ne a kiyaye yanayi da yawa:
- Bayar da yanayin zafin jiki mai kyau - daga 14 zuwa 27 ° C.
- Kada ku motsa shukar daga wuri zuwa wuri.
- Sanya kusa da taga mai fuskantar gabas. Lemons suna son rana ta safe.
- Dashen itacen a farkon bazara.
- Kada a ajiye kusa da kayan aikin dumama kuma a fesa akai akai don tabbatar da isasshen danshi (kimanin kashi 70%).
- Lokacin da kwari suka bayyana, nan da nan ku tsire tsire-tsire daga cikinsu.
Tare da irin wannan kulawa, lemun zaki zai farantawa masu shi rai da kamshi mai daddadan kamshi da kuma 'ya'yan itacen marmari.
Yaya aikin ke gudana?
Lemon furanni matsakaici ne, 2-3 cm, fentin a cikin inuwar pastel: fari, cream, pinkish ko purple. Wani wawan kamshi mai dadi yadawo cikin dakin da itacen yake.
Ka'ida da tsari
Wani ɗan itacen lemun tsami na iya yin furanni a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, amma wannan farkon furannin na iya kashe shukar. Saboda haka, dole ne a tsinke furanni.
Yaushe lemon zakiyi a gida? Furewa yana farawa, a matsayin mai mulkin, a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu. Tsarin furannin lemon ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- Shuka yana fitar da kafafu.
- Buds an kafa.
- Buduruwa suna buɗewa bayan kwanaki 2-3.
- Furewa na faruwa a cikin mako guda.
- Fet din ya fado sai kwai ya bayyana.
Pollination na wucin gadi da pollination kai
Lemon ya dogara da iri-iri zai iya yin zaben fidda gwani a kan kansa ko kuma ya buƙaci yin ƙin roba... Mai shukar zai iya aiwatar da aikin ƙarancin roba ta hanyar amfani da auduga ko auduga. Wajibi ne don a hankali canja wurin pollen daga wannan fure zuwa wani. Wannan hanyar yin zaben bai bada garantin ingancin zaban ba, amma zai iya taimakawa idan babu sauran zabin.
Yawan furanni
Itatuwan lemun tsami suna samar da furanni da yawa kamar yadda ya kamata, amma wannan cutarwa ne ga shuka. Lokacin girma a gida, yakamata a daidaita adadin furanni.
Matsayin da ya fi dacewa zai kasance - fure 1 don 6-7 koren ganye, saboda ƙwai waɗanda suka taso daga baya su zama 'ya'yan itace.
Me yasa babu burodi?
Lemun tsami ba koyaushe ke farantawa masu shi rai da furanni ba. Za a iya samun dalilai da dama kan wannan: daga kulawa mara kyau zuwa gaban kwari.
Kwari
Mafi yawanci, itacen lemun tsami yana da saukin kamuwa daga miyar gizo-gizo, kwari masu sihiri, ɓoye da ƙurar ƙasa.
Mizanin gizo-gizo
Mizanin gizo-gizo karamin kwari ne wanda ke da wahalar gani da ido. Girman kaska yana da 1-2 mm, yana sauka a ƙasan farantin ganye, galibi yana shafar ganye da harbe-harbe da ba a bushe ba.
Alamomin kaska:
- Lightananan ɗigon haske a kan ganyayyaki.
- Narkakken ganye tare da zaren gizo a bayanta.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kawar da kaska:
- Fesawa da sulphur.
- Wanke ganyen.
- Fitilar Ultraviolet
- Sarrafa ganye tare da maganin barasa.
Garkuwa
Scabbards sune kwari mafi haɗari. Lokacin da suka bayyana akan bishiyar, faranti na ova (kusan mil 4) suka bayyana. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan sikelin kwari masu yawa, amma duk suna da haɗari ga shuka. Abu ne mai matukar wahala a kawar da wannan kwaro saboda kwarinsa an rufe shi da garken kakin zuma wanda ke kiyaye shi daga illar sunadarai.
Don halakar da sikelin kwari, yi amfani da:
- Chemicals (Aktara, Aktellik, da sauransu).
- Ruwan sabulu.
- Jiko na taba.
Tsawon lokaci
Thrips ƙananan ƙwari ne waɗanda ke shan ruwan itace daga bishiyoyin lemun tsami. Bayyanar su yana da sauƙin ganewa ta hanyar sillar sillar da ke samarwa lokacin da m ke motsawa daga ganye zuwa ganye.
Don cire kayan masarufi, yi amfani da ma'ana iri daya don halakar gizogizin gizo-gizo.
Fleasa fleas (fleas na ƙasa, podura)
Podura na iya bayyana a cikin ƙasa inda lemun tsami ke girma. Wannan karamin faranti ne mai kwarin gwiwa tare da jikin oval. Matsakaicin tsinkayen ƙuma shine 1-4 mm. Bayyan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna haɗuwa da yawan shayarwa da ƙarancin ƙasa.
Ana iya ganin ƙwarin bear ƙasa na ƙasa lokacin da ake shayarwa a kan ƙasa ko a gindin tukunya. Kwari na iya tsalle-tsalle a hanyoyi daban-daban. Podura suna cin abinci akan sassan ɓaɓɓuka na asalinsu da kuma ragowar tsire-tsire marasa lalacewaamma a sauƙaƙe canzawa zuwa asalin lafiya, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Ta bin dokoki masu sauƙi, zaku iya hana bayyanar waɗannan parasites:
- Ki tsaftace kwandon fure.
- Guji yawan shan ruwa.
- Bayar da magudanar ruwa mai kyau domin yawan ruwa ba zai tsaya yayin ruwa ba.
Idan fleas na ƙasa tuni sun bayyana, yakamata:
- Rage shayarwa.
- Sauya ƙasa ta sama a cikin tukunya (2-3 cm) tare da sabuwar ƙasa.
- Yayyafa yashi yashi a saman ƙasa.
- Yayyafa ƙurar taba akan ƙasa a cikin tukunyar.
- Shayar da tsire tare da duk wani maganin kashe kwari, kuma bayan kwanaki 2-3, dasa shukar cikin sabuwar ƙasa.
Cututtuka
Daga cikin cututtukan da ke saurin kamuwa da lemon tsami, sanyin talala da naman gwari.
- Late blight (marigayi bugun jini) yana daya daga cikin cututtukan citta. Zai iya zuwa daga wannan shuka zuwa wani. Cutar ta bayyana kanta da tabon ruwan kasa da ke gefen jijiya ta tsakiya na ganye. Za a iya rufe wuraren da kwatankwacin ta yanar gizo.
Idan cutar ta fara, cire sassan shuka da cutar ta shafa zai taimaka. Don maganganu na ci gaba, ana amfani da magungunan Albit, Riba ko Ordan.
- Sooty naman gwari sau da yawa yakan faru ne saboda lalacewar shuka ta hanyar scabbard.
Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a bincika tsire-tsire don kasancewar kwari. Idan har an gano kwari, dole ne a dauki mataki nan take.
Hoton yana nuna ƙarshen buguwa:
Hoton yana nuna naman gwari mai laushi:
Rushewar daki
Yanayin da bai dace ba wanda itacen lemun tsami ke girma shine dalilin rashin ƙarancin fure. Babban kuskure a cikin yanayin tsarewar:
- Sama / ƙarƙashin shayarwa. Dole ne a kiyaye danshi ƙasa matsakaici
- High / low ƙasa pH. Lemons kamar pH mai tsaka.
- Taki a cikin hunturu. Ana ba da shawarar ciyar da lemun tsami kawai a lokacin rani.
- Babban zazzabi a cikin dakin Lemon bishiyoyi sun fi son yanayin zafi matsakaici amma zafi mai yawa.
- Bushewar iska tana da illa ga lemun tsami
- Lightingarancin haske.
Abin da za a yi da yadda ake samun tsire don sakin buds?
Idan bishiyar lemun tsami ba ta daɗe na dindindin, ana iya tsokanata ya yi fure ta hanyoyin da aka tabbatar:
- Halittar mawuyacin yanayi:
- A lokacin hunturu, ana iya fitar da lemun tsami a saman baranda don tayar da shukar.
- Hanya ta biyu don sauya yanayi ita ce ƙirƙirar lokacin fari da gangan, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da wadataccen ruwa.
- Tsarin kambi. Itatuwan lemun tsami suna fara furanni suna ba da fruita fruita a kan rassan girman girma 3-4. Molding zai iya tura tsire-tsire zuwa rassan aiki da bayyanar rassan da suka cancanta. Yana da mahimmanci ayi gyare-gyaren daidai ba tare da yanke gajerun rassan fruita fruitan itace ba. Bugu da kari, tsunkulewa na taimakawa wajen samar da kyakkyawan kambi na itace.
- Jawo rassa. Amfani da igiya da nauyi, zaka iya bawa rassan a kwance. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa ga wani kara flowering da fruiting. Ana iya jan rassan kwarangwal da waya.
- Matakan kulawa da ake buƙata. Shuka yana buƙatar:
- Ciyar a kan lokaci (kawai a lokacin bazara).
- Zuba da ruwa mai kyau.
- Fesawa akai-akai don samar da yanayi mai kyau wanda zai bawa bishiyar lemun tsami girma da ƙarfi don fure.
Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo kan yadda za a taimaka wa lemon tsami:
Idan sun bayyana?
Furewar lemo mai aiki baya bada garantin cewa kwayayen kwayayen sai kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa ake samu akan shuka. Me yasa furanni zasu faɗi? Idan babu kulawa mai kyau don lemun tsami mai furanni, furanni na iya faɗuwa. Wannan yana faruwa idan:
- Yanayin iska ya haura 18 ° C.
- Soilasa da itacen yake girma a ciki ya bushe.
- Iskar ba ta da isasshen iska.
- Ana shayar da tsiron da ruwa wanda ya ƙunshi chlorine.
Me yasa akwai furanni amma babu ovaries kuma babu 'ya'yan itace? Bugu da kari, kasancewar furanni ba koyaushe yake nufin cewa lemun tsami zai bada 'ya'ya ba. Babban dalilan rashin fruiting:
- Fure mara kyau.
- Take hakkin yanayin shuka.
- Shekarun itace. Matashiya ba ta da 'ya'ya.
Lokacin barin, yana da mahimmanci la'akari da dalilai kamar yanayin zafi, ƙarancin iska da shekarun itacen. Idan aka cika dukkan sharuɗɗa, lemun zaki zai farantawa masu shi rai da fruitsa fruitsan itace duk shekara.
Hoto
Na gaba, zaku iya ganin hoto na lemun tsami mai furanni:
Aikace-aikace
Itacen lemun tsami ba wai kawai ana daraja shi ne da fruita fruitan itacen ba. Lemon inflorescences ana amfani dasu sosai wajen dafa abinci da magungunan gargajiya. Ana amfani da furannin lemun tsami a dafa ba wai kawai ado ba. A Gabas, ana amfani dasu a cikin shirya kayan zaki. Ruwan lemun tsami na furanni sananne ne a Turai. An yi amfani dashi azaman tushe don hadaddiyar hadaddiyar giyar.
A cikin maganin jama'a, ana amfani da inflorescences lemon:
- Ga rashin bacci da ciwon mara.
- Tare da hauhawar jini da motsin rai.
- Tare da tashin zuciya da ciwo a cikin ciki.
- Lokacin tari.
Ana dafa furannin lemun tsami a cikin nau'in shayi, ana ɗora shi da ruwan ma'adinai, a haɗe shi da ganyen magani.
Itatuwan lemun tsami ba shuke-shuke masu ado kawai ba. Tare da kulawa mai kyau daga lemun tsami, zaku iya samun furanni na yau da kullun da 'ya'yan itace. Furewa zai ba da ƙanshi mai daɗi a cikin ɗaki, za a iya amfani da ƙananan fure a dafa abinci ko magani, kuma za a iya cin 'ya'yan itacen da suka manyanta. Paidoƙarin da aka yi don haɓaka lemun tsami ana biyanta ta hanyar kyawawanta da 'ya'yan itace.