Abin da za a yi la'akari yayin zabar nau'ikan kayan kwalliyar Urushalima? Bayani game da nau'ikan amfanin gona daban-daban na lokutan da suka nuna
Akan kira Urushalima artichoke da pear ƙasa. Wannan tsire-tsire ba shi da kyau kuma ya yadu. Dukansu tubers masu ci da koren kore sun dace da abinci.
Artichoke na Urushalima yana da nau'ikan adadi mai yawa, ya bambanta da yawan amfanin ƙasa, lokacin girma, girman 'ya'yan itace da sauran halaye. Wannan labarin ya bayyana dalla-dalla kan nau'ikan Urushalima artichoke, yana ba da halaye na jinsuna da hotuna.
Fasali na zaɓi
Ba shi da wahala a zabi iri-iri, babban abu shine a fili fahimtar takamaiman dalilinsa.
- Cultivars tare da ingantaccen tubers suna da fa'idodi da yawa, amma galibi ana amfani dasu don abinci.
- Waɗannan nau'ikan tare da ingantaccen ɓangaren kore sune fodder (waɗanne dabbobi za a iya ba wa Urushalima artichoke?).
Lokacin zabar, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci wane ɓangaren shuka za a yi amfani da shi a nan gaba. Hakanan yana da daraja la'akari da lokutan girmar, waɗanda suka bambanta ga yankuna daban-daban na yanayi. Idan lokacin da ya wuce daga shuki zuwa girbi bai isa ba, ba za ku sami girbi mai kyau ba.
Arthoke na Urushalima ya girma kamar tsire-tsire na ado ko don kare wasu tsire-tsire daga iska.
Dokokin zaɓi
Saboda babban bambanci a cikin yanayi a yankuna, akwai buƙatar zaɓar iri iri daidai.
Ga Urals
Don wannan yankin, nau'ikan farkon ne kawai suka dace. Cikakken zagayen girki dole ne ya sami lokacin wucewa kafin farkon sanyi na farko. Hakanan, masu kiwo sun sami damar hayayyafa na zamani, masu saurin-sanyi, wadanda tubansu zasu iya zama a cikin ƙasa ba tare da haƙa duk lokacin hunturu ba, alhali basu rasa kyawawan abubuwa ba. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan matasan za a iya girma har ma a arewacin latitude.
Don tsakiyar Rasha
Varietiesarshen-zamani iri iri cikakke ne don hanya ta tsakiya. Suna da tsayi kuma suna samar da manyan ƙwayoyi na tubers da ganye. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci la'akari da kebantattun yankuna da ke tattare da fari da yanayin zafi mai zafi. Yana da mahimmanci cewa nau'ikan sun kasance tsayayye kuma basu da ma'ana.
Na Siberia
Saboda gajeren lokacin rani a cikin wannan yankin, yana da wahala a shuka yawancin albarkatu, amma, farkon balaga iri-iri na Urushalima artichoke suna da kyau a gare ta. Saboda juriya da sanyi, 'ya'yan itacen sun yi sanyi sosai a cikin ƙasa har zuwa bazara.
Jerin zane-zane na Urushalima yana furewa a watan Agusta kuma yayi kama da sunflower a bayyane (duba cikakkun bayanai game da furannin pear na ƙasa da amfaninsu anan).
Iri-iri na pear ƙasa da kwatanci da hoto
An rarraba nau'ikan iri-iri gwargwadon lokacin girbi kuma sun sha bamban da juna a cikin dukiyar su. Sannan zaku iya fahimtar da kansu da halayensu kuma ku ga yadda suke a hoto.
Da wuri
- Volzhsky - 2... Tsirrai ne mai tsayi tare da kore - launin ruwan kasa mai kauri. Ganye ganye igiya ne, an shirya su biyu-biyu. Tubers masu siffa ne irin na pear, fari ne mai dan kalar purple. Rami ɗaya na iya ƙunsar 'ya'yan itacen 30. Yawan aiki yana da yawa, har zuwa 150 c / ha, kuma koren abu har zuwa 200. Yana girma daga kwanaki 100 zuwa 110. Mafi dacewa don Yankin Blackasar Baki na Tsakiya.
- Skorospelka... Matsakaici sized daji. Ganyayyaki suna da girma, an hade su a gefen gefen. Ya balaga cikin kimanin watanni 4, wanda ya banbanta shi da sauran nau'ikan. Furewar farko itace iri-iri masu tsayin daka, basa jin tsoron sanyi da fari, ba ya amsawa da ƙananan haske. Tubers farare ne, zagaye, yana can cikin ƙasa. Yawan aiki ya kai kilogiram 250 / ha, sannan koren lambu ya kai 260. Cikakke ne ga yankunan tsakiyar ƙasar.
- Vadim... Manyan koren ganyayyaki suna yin daji mai yawa, suna mai da shi ado. An daidaita tubus, mai launi ja, a matsakaita 60 g kowanne. Ya banbanta cikin kyawawan ingancin kiyayewa duka a cikin ɗakunan ajiya, an rufe shi da yashi, da cikin ƙasa.
Volzhsky - 2: Na farko
Gaggawa
Vadim:
Matsakaici
'Ya'yan itacen artichoke na Urushalima sun yi kama da dankalin turawa, shi ya sa a wasu lokutan ake kiransa bulba ko reel.
- Harshen Hungary... Wannan matakin abinci ne. Gandun daji ya kai tsayin mita 5, mai tushe yana da kyau sosai. Yawan yielda Fruan itace lowan ƙasa. Ya bambanta a cikin inuwa mai kauna, baya buƙatar haske mai haske.
- Vylgotsky. Rawanƙwara da daji mai kauri da ƙarami, ƙarami, ɗan ganye mai ɗan kaɗan. 'Ya'yan itacen suna oval, rawaya. Nau'in iri-iri yana da mahimmanci a matsayin fodder. Lokacin noman rani kafin girbi bai wuce watanni 4 ba. Tubers overwinter sosai a cikin ƙasa. Daga wani daji, zaka iya tattarawa zuwa kilogram 4 na koren taro. Ya dace da yankin Arewa da Arewa maso Yammacin kasar.
- Omsk fari... Lokacin noman bai wuce kwana 130 ba. Yana da matsakaiciyar bishiyoyi tare da madaidaiciyar mai tushe waɗanda suke da launi mai launi. Ya kai tsawon mita 2. Alamar rarrabe ita ce balaraben lokaci na dukkan tubers. Smallananan ne, masu siffa, suna yin nauyi kimanin gram 50. yana da kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa, har zuwa 430 c / ha. Ya dace da haɓaka a kowane yanki na yanayin yanayi.
- Leningradsky... Lokacin girma daga lokacin dasa shuki watanni 5 ne. Gandun daji ba shi da girma, amma yana da girma sosai. Balagagge mai tushe da ganye. White tubers, elongated, za'a iya adana shi a cikin ƙasa ba tare da haƙa duk hunturu ba. Nau'in iri-iri na da matukar amfani kuma yana da matukar amfani, ana iya girbewa kimanin 498 c / ha a kowace kaka, da kuma 420 c / ha na koren kore.
Harshen Hungary:
Vylgotsky:
Omsk fari:
Leningradsky:
Late
- Nemo... Lokacin kammalawa shine kimanin watanni 6. Gandun daji yana karami, dan kadan reshe. Mai tushe tsaye, pubescent. An shirya ganyayyaki a madadin, mai siffar triangular tare da gefen gefuna. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ƙanana ne, farare, kamannin pear. Yawan aiki 350 kg / ha. Mafi dacewa don kudu, yankuna masu bushewa.
- Abin sha'awa... 'Ya'yan itãcen ripen a cikin watanni 5. Mai tushe mai ƙarfi ne, matsakaiciyar rassa, launi mai duhu. Balaga akan ganye da mai tushe yafi kama da bakin ciki. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa fari da sanyi, amma na bukatar akai ƙarin watering. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su da girma, fari ne da fata mai santsi. Yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 265 c / ha, kuma koren taro shine 436. Yankunan kudu sun fi dacewa da namo.
- Fasko... Lokacin girma shine watanni 6. Mai tushe tsaye, mai ƙarfi reshe. Tubers masu nauyi har zuwa 90 g, oval, fari. Yawan aiki yana matsakaici. Bambance-bambancen ba na son rai bane, ana iya girma ko'ina.
- Hasken rana... Ripening lokaci 5 - 6 watanni. Dogaye iri-iri tare da dogaye, tsayayyu masu tushe da ganyen ovoid. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ƙanana ne, suna yin nauyi har 60 g, fari, elliptical. Yawan aiki 400 c / ha, da koren taro 320. Ya dace da ci gaba a kowane yanki.
Nemo:
Sha'awa:
Fasko:
Hasken rana:
Matsakaicin rayuwar shiryayye na Urushalima artichoke bai wuce kwana 40 ba. Ana saka shi cikin kwalaye kuma an rufe shi da yashi. Wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa thea fruitsan itace sun haɗu da juna kamar yadda ya kamata.
Wane nau'in manyan tubers ne?
Manyan-'ya'yan itace za a iya la'akari da waɗannan nau'ikan da nauyin tuber ya kai 100 g.
- Mafi shahararrun su shine Pasko iri-iri. Tubers suna kaiwa 90 g.
- Sunny da Vadim iri-iri na iya yin alfahari da tushen albarkatu har zuwa 60 g.
Jerin zane na Urushalima abu ne mai amfani wanda baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Yawancin nau'ikan matasan sun ba ka damar shuka shi a ko'ina, abu mafi mahimmanci shine sanin ainihin irin amfanin gonar da kuke buƙatar samu a ƙarshen kuma zaɓi nau'ikan da suka dace da bukatunku.