Fasali na girma cyclamen daga tsaba. Hotuna, da kuma hanyoyin al'ada na haifuwa da warkar da fure

Send

Cyclamen shine furannin gida wanda yake da buƙata tsakanin masu lambu saboda kyawawan furanninta. Anƙanin furanni na iya ɗaukar launuka daban-daban, kuma farantawa suna kama da butterflies.

Amma don haɓakar tsire-tsire, ana buƙatar yanayi na musamman. A cikin labarinmu, zaku koyi mataki-mataki yadda ake yayata wannan kyakkyawan flowera floweran fure a gida. Hakanan zai zama da amfani don kallon bidiyo mai ban sha'awa akan wannan batun.

Yaya shukar take?

Bambancin cyclamen yana cikin furannin sa mai launuka, wanda yakai watanni 3... Bugu da kari, inji yana da halaye masu zuwa:

tsawo - 30 cm;
ganye suna girma daga tushe, ƙarfin igiya, fata na fata zuwa taɓawa;
launi na ganye duhu ne mai duhu, mai launin shuɗi;
an gabatar da asalin a cikin sifa kwan fitila mai zagaye tare da diamita 15 cm, wanda ke da ci gaba ɗaya;
furanni suna da ofanƙanƙƙƙƙƙun mannni masu lankwasa, waɗanda aka nuna a wata ƙarshen;
launi na furanni na iya bambanta daga fari zuwa purple purple.

Masu son Cyclamen za su kasance da sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da nau'ikansa: Turai da Farisanci, da kuma yadda ake haɓaka cakuda.

Hoto

Duba hoton shukar a ƙasa:

Zaɓuɓɓukan kiwo

Yaduwar Cyclamen yana faruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Zaɓin zaɓi mai dacewa, ya kamata ku mai da hankali kan nau'in shuka:

Rabon tuber... An fi son wannan hanyar don manya irin na cyclamen kamar Turai da Persia.
Yada yaduwa - ana amfani dashi ga kowane nau'in cyclamen, ko da aivy.
Bayanai - harbe-harben jinsunan Turai ya sami tushe cikin sauƙi fiye da Farisa.
'Yar tubers... Wannan zaɓin yana da kyau don kiwo Turai cyclamen. Ba kamar sauran nau'o'in tsire-tsire ba, an ƙirƙiri ƙananan yara kusa da tuber. Za'a iya raba su a sauƙaƙe yayin dasawa kuma a jefa su cikin kwantena daban.

Don bayani game da yadda ake yada cyclamen tare da ganye, tare da wasu hanyoyin, karanta anan.

Menene Hanyar Pollination na Artificial?

Don fahimtar yadda ake shuka iri a gida da yadda ake shukawa a gida, bari mu fara duba yadda waɗannan tsaba suke. A waje, 'ya'yan shukar suna kama da ƙananan beads masu launin ruwan kasa.... Kuna buƙatar tattara su bayan fure. Amma don samun cyclamens daga tsaba da girma a gida, zaka iya amfani da hanyar pollination na wucin gadi. Hanyar ita ce kamar haka:

Amfani da goga mai laushi, canja fure daga ƙyamar fure ɗaya zuwa wani. Maimaita hanya sau da yawa.
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka yi fure, kwanten ƙwaya iri yakan maye gurbin furen. Tattara su a hankali ku nade su a cikin adiko na goge baki.
Bayan ɗan lokaci, akwatin zai buɗe da kansa, kuma kuna iya tattara tsaba.

Kalli bidiyo game da aikin roba pollination na cyclamen:

Takamaiman halaye

Hanyar iri ta girma da kuma sake hawan cyclamen daga tsaba, sakamakon gogewar roba, ya kasance musamman cikin bukata tsakanin masu noman fure. Sabili da haka, idan kun kasance damu game da abin da za ku yi tsammani daga tsaba na gida, to ana iya jayayya da cewa wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar samun tsire-tsire wanda ya fi lafiya kuma ya dace da yanayin cikin gida.

HANKALI: Za'a iya siyan tsaba daga shago ko tattara da kanka. Zaɓin na biyu ya kasance mafi kyau, yadda za a tattara da dasa cyclamen daga iri a gida, tunda kayan da aka saya sau da yawa yakan zama marasa inganci.

Shuka kwanakin

Yaushe za a shuka iri? Shuka ya fi dacewa a watan Fabrairu - Maris, amma zaka iya shuka a kowane lokaci na shekara.

Matakan ƙasa da shirye-shiryen abu

Tsarin shirye-shiryen ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:

Shake kayan dasa kayan cikin busassun bola ki jika cikin ruwa... Sanya Epin-kari ko Zircon a ciki. Waɗannan magunguna ne don haɓaka girma. Don shirya maganin, ɗauki digo 4 na magani da 100 ml na ruwa. Bayan awanni 12, cire tsaba daga maganin, yada kan pad na auduga, tare da rufe bandeji mai danshi. Bayan awa 24, tsaba za su kumbura kuma su kasance a shirye don shuka.
Dole ne a nitsar da ƙasa... Zuba shi da ruwan zãfi ko riƙe shi a cikin tanda na tsawon minti 5. Wannan zai cire microflora mai cutarwa. Gudanar da maganin kashe kwari kwanaki 14 gabanin shukar mai zuwa mai zuwa.
Kuna iya ƙoƙarin tsiro tsaba kafin dasa shuki a gida, kuma kawai sai a dasa a tukwane. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar shimfida kayan shuka a kan gauze mai laushi, kuma rufe shi da layin masana'anta a saman. Bayan kwana guda, dasa tsaba a cikin akwati.

Zaɓin tukunya

Ana yin shuka iri a cikin tukwane ko akwatunan mutum. Idan an zaɓi zaɓi na farko, to, samari ba sa buƙatar a dasa su har sai sun girma, kuma tukunyar da aka yi musu ta zama ƙarami. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kwalaye, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shukokin cikin kwantena daban lokacin da suke da ganye 3-4.

Zaba tukunya don cyclamen la'akari da girman tuber... Ya kamata a sami tazara da ba ta wuce santimita 3-4 ba tsakaninsa da gefen akwatin.Domin matashiya, diamita tukunya yakai cm 8 kuma ba zai wuce ba. Samfurori masu girma, waɗanda tsayinsu yakai 13-15 cm, zasu buƙaci kwantena waɗanda suke da diamita 16-17 cm.

MUHIMMANCI: Yaushe cyclamen ke fure? Idan tukunya karama ce, cyclamen zaiyi fure da sauri ba tare da samun isasshen ruwan danshi ba. Idan ya yi girma da yawa, za a jira dogon lokaci don buds.

.Asa

Forasa don tsire-tsire dole ne ya zama mai sako-sako kuma mai gina jiki, da kuma iska da danshi da ke iya shiga. Kuna iya amfani da samfurin kasuwancin kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya na kasuwa... Don shirya ƙasa, haɗa ƙasa gonar tare da peat a cikin adadin daidai kuma ƙara ɗan yashi kogi.

Saukowa

Yadda ake shuka tsaba? Saukowa yana gudana kamar haka:

Shirya akwati ta sanya ƙwanƙashin yumbu a ƙasa.
Cika akwatin da ƙasa mai ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki kuma ku jiƙa sosai.
Shuka tsaba da aka shirya a cikin rami mara zurfi ko a saman masassarar, sannan yayyafa da siririn ƙasa na ƙasa.
Rufe akwatin da fim, tunda a cikin duhu da ɗumi tsaba ta fi kyau.
Kula da danshi a ƙasa, amma kar a cika akwatin.
Bude tsare da iska gaba daya
Na farko harbe zai bayyana a cikin watanni 1-1.5.

Mataki-mataki kulawa

Ana ɗauka

Bayan makonni 4-8, madaukai na launin purple-ruwan hoda za su bayyana daga ƙasa. Wannan shine cyclamen da aka daɗe ana jira. Daga madauki, an kafa ƙaramar nodule tare da tushe, wanda zai sami tushe a cikin ƙasa... Hakanan kawai madauki tare da takardar zai buɗe. Watanni 3-4 bayan shuka, an kafa ganye 2-3 akan shuka. Wannan nuni ne don karba.

Shuka tsire-tsire a cikin kofuna daban don tsire-tsire 2-3. Ana gudanar da karban tare da dunƙulen ƙasa kuma bayan dasawa da nodules, yayyafa da ƙasa, wanda ba za a iya yin shi da tsire mai girma ba. Yayyafa tuber nata rabi.

Top miya

Ba a ba da shawarar ciyar da ƙananan cyclamens har zuwa watanni 6... Hakanan kawai zaku iya amfani da takin da aka saya don shuke-shuke masu furanni. Sashinsu kawai ya zama sau 2 ƙasa da wanda aka nuna a cikin umarnin. Abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu don cyclamen sune:

Kemira Lux.
Barin
Furanni.

Shayarwa

Har zuwa shekara guda, samari masu son ƙasa mai dausayi. Amma samfuran manya sun fi son ruwa mai matsakaici, musamman a lokacin bazara. Matasa matasa suna buƙatar shayar da pipette. Wannan zai sadar da ruwa kai tsaye zuwa asalin. Yi ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa don samfuran matasa sau 2 a mako. Don tsire-tsire masu girma, sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1.5 ya isa.

Kalli bidiyo game da shayar da matasa bishiyoyi na cyclamen:

Cuta da maganin kwari

Cyclamen mafi yawan lokuta yakan kamu ne da cututtukan fungal, gami da:

Ruwan toka... An kafa shi ne sakamakon yalwar shayarwa, yashewar ruwa. Idan aka sami wata cuta, to a hankali cire shuka daga tukunyar, cire sassan tushen, sai a kurkura su a cikin maganin sinadarin potassium. Da zarar tubers sun bushe, dasa shukar a cikin sabon tukunya tare da abun da aka rigaya da shi a cikin ƙasa.
Tushen ruba... Yana shafar furen da ƙwayoyin fungal waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ƙasa suka rinjayi. Don kawar da cutar, bi da Glyocladin. Kurkura tubers sosai a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate da bushe.
Sooty fungi... Suna yin ɓarna akan stomata da bututun ganyayyaki, wanda yayi sanadiyar mutuwar su.
TAMBAYA: Cire fungal plaque a faranti tare da maganin koren sabulu (200-400 g na sabulun kore a lita 10), sannan kuma da ruwan dumi.

Daga cikin kwari, mafi hadari ga cyclamen ya kasance:

Aphid... Yana da hatsari sosai ga shuke-shuke, yayin da yake tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan ganyen kuma yake lalata fure.
Don ajiye shi, ya zama dole a wanke sassan da abin ya shafa tare da maganin sabulun wanki (lita 1 na ruwa da sabulu 30 g).
Thrips... Waɗannan ƙananan kwari kusan ba a iya gani, amma a kan faranti suna barin alamun a cikin farin furushi.
Kwari suna zama inda zafi da zafi suka yi yawa. Ganyen shukar da abin ya shafa ya zama fari, yi duhu kuma ya fadi. Don magance ɓarna, Karbofos yana da tasiri. Zaka iya amfani da hanyoyin mutane - jiko na tafarnuwa (2 cloves da 200 ml na ruwan zãfi).
Mite... Yana kayar ganye da furanni.
Don magance m, yi amfani da Fitoferm, Neoron. Fesa ba fure kawai ba, har ma da ƙasa da tukunya.

Kammalawa

Yaduwar kwaya ta cyclamen ita ce hanya mafi inganci da sauki don samun ingantaccen shuka mai karfi. Idan kun shirya kayan dasa yadda yakamata, ƙasa da ƙirƙirar cikakkun yanayi don ci gaba, to ba da daɗewa ba zaku iya sha'awar kyakkyawar fure mai haske na cyclamen.

Send