Ofawata gidajen ƙasa da gidajen rani - petunia cascade
Cascading petunia wani tsire-tsire ne na ado wanda yau za'a iya samun sa a kusan kowane mai shuki a gonar. Kuma irin wannan shahararren an tabbatar da shi cikakke, saboda ana rarrabe tsire-tsire ta lush da dogon furanni, fayel mai fa'di da tabarau.
Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar ƙirar shimfidar wuri ta musamman. Kuma sauƙin kula da waɗannan furannin yana ba wa masu noman nobi damar bunkasa su.
Menene?
An kawo Cascade petunia zuwa Rasha daga Kudancin Amurka a cikin karni na 18. Kuma kodayake akwai yanayi daban-daban na yanayi, tsiron yana jin daɗi a yankin ƙasar Rasha. A cikin ƙasashe irin su Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, petunia na iya yin girma har zuwa 10 m.
Cascading petunias ana rarrabe shi ta hanyar harbe na roba, wanda tsawon sa zai iya kaiwa mita 1.5. Bugu da ƙari, ba sa jin tsoron kowane iska, tunda ba za su taɓa fasawa ba. Girman koren taro yana faruwa ne saboda harbi axillary. Da farko, suna tashi, kuma idan sun kai wani tsawon, sai su rataye.
Magana! Dajin kansa yayi kama da ball mai dogon bulala. Zai fi kyau shuka shukar a cikin tsire-tsire rataye. Theananan suna da girma, faɗi a faɗi 5. cm Bugu da ƙari, a daji ɗaya duk girman su ɗaya.
Bayani da hotunan iri
Bugu da ari zaku iya ganin hoto da taƙaitaccen bayanin manyan nau'ikan cascading petunia.
Mona Lisa
Gioconda wakili ne na irin matasan da aka samu kwanan nan. Gioconda ya buge tare da adadi mai yawa na inflorescences, wanda ya banbanta shi da duk sauran nau'ikan cascading petunias. Babu furannin namiji a cikin dazuzzuka, don haka shukar ba ta ɓarnatar da makamashi a kan tsaba, sakamakon haka furewar za ta iya tsawan shekara guda.
An kafa furanni da wuri, don haka Gioconda ɗayan ɗayan samfuran da aka fi so tsakanin masu noman fure. Baya ga kayan kwalliyarta, wannan fure yana da tauri kuma zai iya jure yanayin yanayin ƙarancin sira-ƙira. Tsawon harbi ya kai 1 m.
Ramblin
Wannan wani shahararren kayan kwalliyar petunia ne. Shahararrenta ya samo asali ne daga farkon furanta da kuma kulawa mara kyau. Ramblin iri-iri cikakke ne don amfani a ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Tabbas, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana ba da harbe har zuwa mita 1. Don haka, zaku iya ƙirƙirar kyawawan furanni masu kyau da asali. Ramblin yana son danshi, haske mai kyau. Bayar da waɗannan sharuɗɗan, nau'ikan zasu farantawa masu shi rai tare da kyawawan furanni na dogon lokaci.
Super cascading
Naagara na iri-iri na mallakar petunias ne masu tsada. A lokacin furanni, yakan samar da ruwa mai ganye mai haske da furanni masu kyau. A diamita na inflorescence ne 8 cm, da kuma tsawon harbe shi ne 1.5 m.
Biyu cascade
Wannan nau'ikan ya samar da furanni da wuri. Girman inflorescences ya kai 13 cm, kuma tsawon harbe yana 39-40 cm. Double Cascade yana buƙatar ciyarwa akai akai da kuma shayarwa.
Furannin nata suna kama da kama, wanda ya sa shrub ɗin ya zama mafi jan hankali. Ana girma iri-iri a cikin kwalaye da kuma cikin gadajen filawa kusa da gidan ƙasa.
A ina da yadda ake shuka ta?
Tsarin dasa bishiyar petunia mai sauki ne, yana bukatar bin wasu ka'idoji:
- Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da tsaba mai inganci da inganci. Zai fi kyau saya su daga amintattun masana'antun.
- Baya ga kayan dasawa, ya zama dole a ƙirƙiri matsakaici mai gina jiki don haɓakar tsiro. Zaka iya amfani da allunan peat don wannan. Waɗannan allunan sun riga sun ƙunshi dukkan abubuwan da ake buƙata da ma'adanai don cikakken haɓakar shuka.
- Shuka tsaba a cikin Janairu, to, bushes za su fara fure a baya.
- Tare da bayyanar ganye guda 2 na gaske, zaku iya ɗauka ta hanyar dasa shuki a cikin kofi daban. Kuma a ƙarshen Afrilu, dasa shi a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Bukatun ƙasa
Petunia cascading yana buƙatar sako-sako da abinci mai gina jiki. Kuna iya shirya shi da kanku ta hanyar haɗa yashi mai bushe da tsabta, peat, humus daidai gwargwado.
Haske da wuri
Petunia tsire-tsire ne mai son haske da kaunar zafi. Tare da ƙarancin haske, ba zai yi furanni ba kuma ma yana iya yin rashin lafiya.
Don haka ya kamata a girma a cikin yanki mai haske inda haske ke yaɗuwa, kuma babu hasken rana kai tsaye.
Lokacin girma petunias a ɗaki, ana fifita windows ga windows suna fuskantar gefen gabas. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin filawar filawa, dasa a hade tare da sauran furannin don musanya haske.
Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?
Shayarwa
Yana da daraja moisturizing petunia kamar yadda ake buƙata. Ruwan da aka daidaita kawai ya dace da ban ruwa. Zuba shi kawai a cikin tushen don kada ruwan ya hau kan kyawawan furannin. Kashegari bayan wetting, sassauta kasar gona da sako.
Taki
Plantsananan shuke-shuke suna buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun, wanda zai ƙunshi phosphorus da potassium. Wadannan sinadaran suna bawa shuka damar yin girma cikin sauri da kuma hanzarta farawar furanni. A matsayin tufafi na sama, zaka iya amfani da cakuda na musamman waɗanda aka tsara musamman don shuke-shuke na ado.
Hankali! Tare da yin amfani da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa na yau da kullun, zaku iya samun bishiyoyin lush tare da adadi mai yawa na furanni.
Yankan
Bayan dasa shukar a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, kuna buƙatar tsunkule fewan ganye a saman. Wannan zai sanya shrub din ya zama mai lush. Bugu da kari, irin wadannan abubuwan suna da kyakkyawan sakamako a kan furanni. Cire dusar ƙanƙan ɗin buds yana ba da gudummawa ga sabon yanayin haske da launuka masu banƙyama.
Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari
Idan kun bi duk ƙa'idodi don kula da shuka, to petunia ba za ta yi rashin lafiya ba. Amma akwai yanayi lokacin da ganyayyaki suka fara zama rawaya da bushe. Sannan kana buƙatar daidaita kulawa.
Daga cikin cututtukan, cututtukan fungal masu zuwa na iya shafar petunia:
marigayi bugun jini;
- baƙar fata;
- chlorosis;
- launin toka-toka.
Kwayar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin cascade petunias ba su da yawa, kuma idan sun bayyana, to dole ne a magance su da kyau - su watsar da furen da abin ya shafa don kiyaye dukkanin shukar. Idan yawancin furannin sun shafa, to ya kamata a dauki matakan kiwon lafiya.
Idan wannan bai taimaka ba, to lallai ne sai ku tumɓuke ƙwayoyin cuta, kuna kallon bishiyoyin lafiya. Kuma bayan haka, prophylaxis don lafiyayyun furanni.
Daga cikin cututtukan paraunias, haɗarin shine:
- aphid;
- thrips;
- miyar gizo-gizo;
- slugs.
Ana amfani da magungunan kwari don yaƙar su.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Hanyar iri
Wajibi ne don shuka tsaba petunia a cikin Fabrairu ko Maris. Yi amfani da kwantena na musamman don wannan. Abubuwan da aka kera na cascade petunias shine cewa a farkon makonni 2 na farko bayan shuka, a shayar da tsaba a kowace rana tare da kwalba mai fesawa. Sannan kara ruwa, sai a sanya kwantenan a wuri mai rana.
Tsire-tsire suna tsirowa kawai a zazzabi na digiri 25. Da zaran harbe ya samo asali, yawan zafin jiki ya zama digiri 20. Ya kamata a yi shayarwa da ruwan dumi da dafaffe kawai. Top dress kowane 4. Da zaran an kafa ganye 4, to sai a tsinko tsirrai a cikin kofi daban. Furewa tana farawa ne daga kwanaki 70-75.
Yankan
Mahimmanci! Da farkon kaka, ya kamata a shigo da kowane daji na casun gwangwani a cikin gida kuma ya kamata a zaɓi wuri mai sanyi a gare shi, a yanka shi a girma har zuwa bazara. Kuma a cikin bazara, yi amfani da takin mai magani nitrogen, sannan a yanka cuttings.
Kowane iri yana da ganye 4-5. Kafin dasa petunia, sarrafa shi tare da tushen tushe kuma dasa shi a cikin akwati.
Amma ba a yin dasa kai tsaye, in ba haka ba yankan zai zama tushen rauni.
Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
Lokacin da ake girma a cascade petunia, matsaloli masu zuwa suna yiwuwa:
Bushewa da mutuwar tsire-tsire. Da zaran harbewar sun ƙirƙira, kuna buƙatar shigar da su a wuri mai sanyi inda zafin jiki yakai digiri 20. Kar a cire su daga greenhouse kafin ainihin ganyen farko ya bayyana. Sai bayan kwanaki 2-3 kawai za'a iya rage zafin rana zuwa digiri 15-18, kuma zafin dare da digiri 2 ƙasa da.
- Lalacewar tushen tsarin. Dole ne mu daidaita shayarwa, amfani da ruwan da aka daidaita kawai. Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara vermiculite a cikin ƙasa. Yana tsotse danshi daidai, yana hana ruɓar ruɓa.
- Wajibi ne don saba wa tsirrai zuwa rana mai haske a hankali, in ba haka ba yana cike da bayyanar ƙonewa. Daga Afrilu, lokacin da yanayin zafin jiki yakai digiri 10-15, zaka iya fitar da furar zuwa baranda don taurin zuciya.
Ba shi da wahala a kula da kayan kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya idan kun san dukkanin noman ta.
Ba za a iya rarraba wannan tsire-tsire a matsayin abin damuwa ba, tun da ba shi da lafiya, yana da kyau sosai kuma ba ya buƙata. Ya isa yin ƙananan ƙoƙari don samun fure mai haske, launuka masu ɗorewa na wannan al'adun ban mamaki don amsa duk ƙoƙarin.