Bayanin haworthia mai taguwa da tukwici don kula da shi a gida
Idan kun yi imani da shahararrun imani, Haworthia tsire-tsire ne mai kariya wanda ke ba wa waɗanda ke kusa da ku makamashi mai ƙarfi.
Amma har ma waɗancan masoyan furen waɗanda ba su yi imani da camfi ba suna so su sami wannan kyakkyawan baƙon daga Afirka mai zafi a gida a kan windowsill.
Rosettes na wannan fure, wanda ya girma a yau a cikin ɗaki don dalilai na ado, sun riga sun kasance kyawawa da ban mamaki. Daga labarin zaku gano yadda wannan shuka take, yadda za'a kula da ita.
Tarihin asali da bayanin botanical
Haworthia kyauta ce, wani ɓangare na dangin Asphodelic... Furen Haworthia ya sami suna ne don girmama masanin tsirrai kuma matafiyi Adrian Haworth, wanda ya yi nazarin shuke-shuke na Afirka.
Wannan fitinar tana rayuwa ne a yankunan busassun Afirka ta Kudu. Ana iya samun sa a kan ƙasa mai duwatsu, yashi da ƙasa mai ciyawa a ƙarƙashin inuwar bishiyoyi da daji. Fa'idodin wannan tsire-tsire ne na nama, ganyayyaki masu laushi, waɗanda ke tarawa da riƙe ruwa na dogon lokaci, wanda ke ba shi damar rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai zafi da bushewa.
Hankali: Tushen Rosette na Haworthia ya ƙunshi layuka da yawa na ganyaye masu wuya tare da kaifi masu kaifi - tsayi da kunkuntar. Farantun ganye na iya zama daga koren haske zuwa kore mai duhu. Yawancin nau'o'in Haworthia suna da tsire-tsire a kan ganyayyaki.
Jigon wannan tsiron ya gajarta ko baya nan gaba ɗaya. Furanni akan abun farin ciki sune kanana kuma basuda tabbas, fari ne ko koren kore, suna girma akan dogayen kafafu daga 50 zuwa 90 cm. Tunda furannin ba su da kwalliyar ado, zai fi kyau a cire ƙafafun don kada tsiron ya ɓata kuzari a kansa kuma bai ragu ba.
Shuka iri da hotunansu
Fiye da nau'ikan 100 na Haworthia an san su gaba ɗaya... Yi la'akari da 3 daga cikin kyawawan kyawawan nau'ikan da aka girma a gida don dalilai na ado.
Reinwardt
Isasshen undersized succulent. Tsayin bai wuce santimita 15 ba. Ba shi da mafitar tushe Manyan ganyayyaki masu yatsu uku ne kuma suna lankwasa a ciki.
Bangaren saman ganyen ruwan ganyayyen santsi ne, koren launi mai launi. A ƙasan, akwai ɗigo-ɗigo, farin farin girma wanda ya ɓace cikin ƙarancin haske. Fure-koren furanni masu launin rawaya suna yin girma akan ƙwanƙwasa a cikin siffin goga mai laushi.
Lu'ulu'u
Ya nuna ganyayen oval masu yawa, gefen gefunan waɗanda ƙaya ne. A gefen tsire-tsire akwai manya-manyan ƙwayoyi masu kama da lu'u-lu'u.
An tattara furanni masu launin kore a cikin goga. Bayan fure, saiwar dasawar shukar ta mutu, sabuwar 'ya ta girma a madadinta.
Taguwar
Wannan nau'in succulent din bashi da akwati. Babban Rosette ya ƙunshi kunkuntun, lokacin farin ciki, koren ganye kore. Wannan haworthia ya sami sunanta ne saboda ci gaban da ke haifar da ɗamarar farin fata a ƙasan ganyen. Sashin babba na ganye santsi. An tattara furanni a cikin ƙaramin tashin hankali. Shuke-shuken yana ɗan tuna da ƙaramin aloe mai ɗan girma.
Mun rubuta game da wasu nau'ikan wannan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki da kyau a cikin labarai daban-daban akan gidan yanar gizon mu. Muna baku shawara da ku ba da kulawa ta musamman kan karamin Hapertia na Cooper. Ganyenta masu wuya, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin rosettes, suna ba da shimfidar wuri mai kyan gani.
A ina kuma a cikin abin da za a girma?
Haske da wuri
Haworthia yana son haske, amma yaɗa haske... Hasken rana kai tsaye, kamar inuwa koyaushe, bai dace da ita ba. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau sanya fure akan windows kudu maso gabas na ɗakin.
Wiwi
Tukunyar tsire ya zama ƙasa, ba ta da zurfi da faɗi sosai. A cikin akwati da yawa, haworthia zai yi girma a cikin zurfin, ba sama ba. Amma a cikin tukunya mai matse wahala, ganyen Haworthia zai zama kanana.
Tukwici: Mafi kyaun tukunya don wannan abincin shine zagaye kuma an yi shi da filastik. A cikin jirgin ruwa na murabba'i, asalinsu za su tanƙwara kuma su ruɓe.
Kasar gona
Soilasa don succulent dole ne ta sami magudanan ruwa mai kyau. Tushen ya ƙunshi sassa daidai (1: 1: 1):
- ƙasar yumbu-sod;
- ƙasa mai ganye;
- yashi.
Hakanan yana da kyau a yi amfani da cakuda yumbu, gutsuttsuren dutsen harsashi da yashi. Soilasa ya zama ɗan alkaline ko tsaka tsaki... A cikin yanayi mai yawan ruwan guba, tsiron ba zai rayu ba.
Kulawar gida
Zazzabi
Wannan nau'in succulent yana son sanyi, zai ji daɗi sosai a cikin zangon 15-25 ° C. A cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar iska mai ɗorewa koyaushe. Misali, zaku iya fitar dashi don siyarwa akan baranda mai ƙyalli ko loggia.
A lokacin watannin hunturu, Haworthia baya bacci kuma yana buƙatar kiyaye shi a ƙananan zafin jiki na 5-10 ° C. Idan furen yayi karami, zaku iya kokarin sanya shi tsakanin sassan taga. Ko kuma katse iska mai zafi a cikin ɗakin tare da akwatin mai haske, sanya taga kusa da gilashin.
Shayarwa
Ana buƙatar shayarwa cikin matsakaici, tun da furen yana girma cikin yanayi a cikin yanayin yawan fari. Dole ne ƙasa ta bushe da 2 cm kafin shayar mai zuwa... Yawan danshi yana haifar da lalacewar asalinsu da kuma ganyen ganyayyaki. A lokacin hunturu, kuna buƙatar shayar haworthia ne kawai bayan farkon asarar ganyen turgor.
Zafi
Itacen tsire-tsire ba ya buƙatar ƙarin danshi na iska a kusa da shi. Amma, don ƙura ba ta taruwa a kan ganyayyaki, ana iya yin wanka a ƙarƙashin ruwan dumi, tun da ya rufe ƙasar daga danshi a baya.
Taki
Wannan nau'in shuka ya fi rashin abinci fiye da yadda ake ciyar da shi. Don ciyarwa, zaku iya amfani da takin mai rikitarwa don succulents waɗanda aka narke da ruwa.
MUHIMMI: Takin daga Mayu zuwa Satumba sau ɗaya a wata. A cikin hunturu, yayin lokacin bacci, ba a buƙatar ciyar da fure.
Canja wurin
Ya zama dole ayi dasawa da sabunta samartaka haworthia sau ɗaya duk bayan shekaru 2-3lokacin da saiwar ta zama ƙunci cikin tukunya. Dole a dasa tsire-tsire manya sau da yawa - sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2. Amma yana da daraja saka idanu kan yanayin asalinsu a lokacin lokacin bacci, idan sun mutu, ya zama dole a dasa fure kai tsaye!
Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo kan yadda ake dasa shuki:
Kwari da cututtuka
Ba safai kwari ke kai hari ga taguwar haworthia ba. Amma wani lokacin mealybug yakan sauka akan ganyen. Don kawar da ƙwayar, dole ne a bi da mafita da ganye da ruwa mai sabulu. Idan wannan bai taimaka ba, guba mai guba zai adana: Aktelik ko Fitoverm.
Cututtukan fure suna faruwa ne saboda kulawa mara kyau:
Ruwa mai yawa yana haifar da tushe da ganye.
- Motsa jiki yana haifar da baƙi da ruɓewar faranti.
- Tare da rashin haske, tsire-tsire na iya fara shimfidawa, ya rasa kyakkyawa, ƙaramin fasali.
- Daga hasken rana kai tsaye, ƙonewa ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki a cikin fasalin launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa.
- Acidarancin acidity na ƙasa yana haifar da jinkirin ci gaba da ruɓewar tushe.
Hanyoyin haifuwa
Zai fi kyau a fara yada Hawortia a bazara. Akwai hanyoyi guda uku da aka tabbatar:
- Yara... Yaran da aka kafa tare da tushe a lokacin dasa shukar wani babba sun rabu kuma an dasa su zuwa tukwane daban. A substrate dole ne m.
- Ganye... Yanke ganye daga uwar daji, wanda ya kamata ya bushe na kwana 2. Sannan ana dasa shi a cikin ruwa mai laushi, ƙasa mara ƙasa ko yashi mai yashi. Wata daya, sabon shuka ya samu gindin zama, bai kamata a shayar dashi ba a wannan lokacin.
- Tsaba... Wannan hanyar haifuwa ita ce mafi wahala saboda kwayayen suna girma a hankali. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar ne ta hanyar gogaggen masu noman fure da masu kiwo.
Dokokin yau da kullun na fasahar noma
- Haworthia ya zama cikin haske, wuri mai sanyi. Taga ko loggia na hunturu mai ƙyalli da zafin jiki wanda bai wuce + 8 + 10 ° C zai yi ba. Wajibi ne ayi inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye akan furen.
- A lokacin tsawon girma daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba, yakamata a shayar da fure akai-akai tare da ruwan da aka daidaita a ɗakin da zafin jiki. A lokacin hutu, an rage shayarwa sau 1 a wata.
- Hakanan, yayin lokacin girma, fure tana buƙatar ciyarwa tare da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa don masu nasihu - sau ɗaya a wata. Ba a buƙatar ciyarwa a cikin hunturu.
- Dasa shukar girma ba ta wuce sau 1 a cikin shekaru 2 ba.
- Zai fi kyau a yayata haworthia ta amfani da kantunan gefe ko harbe-harbe. Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a bushe iri.
Kammalawa
Mun gabatar muku dalla-dalla game da taguwar haworthia. Idan kana son ganin kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa akan windowsill duk shekara zagaye, to ta kowane hali ka sami wannan tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa. Ba shi da cikakkiyar fahimta ga yanayin tsarewa da sauƙin kulawa. Kuma zaiyi farin ciki da bayyanar adonsa sama da shekaru 10.