Pamukkale, Turkiyya: Manyan jan hankali 4 na hadadden
Pamukkale (Turkiyya) wani yanki ne na musamman wanda yake a yankin kudu maso yammacin kasar, kilomita 16 daga garin Denizli. Bambancin yankin ya ta'allaka ne da maɓuɓɓugar maɓuɓɓugansa, waɗanda aka kafa tsakanin ɗakunan ajiya na travertine. Wanda aka fassara daga Baturke, Pamukkale na nufin "Gidan Auduga", kuma irin wannan suna yana nuna bayyanar gani. Abun, wanda ba shi da alamun analog a duk duniya, yana ƙarƙashin kariyar ƙungiyar UNESCO kuma a kowace shekara yana jawo dubban ɗaruruwan masu yawon buɗe ido da ke yin hutu a wuraren shakatawa na Turkiyya.
Don yaba duk kyawun gani, kawai kalli hoton Pamukkale. Abun ya riga ya kasance a zamanin da: an san cewa a karni na 2 BC. Sarki Eumenes II na Pergamon ya gina birnin Hierapolis kusa da yankin. Amma ta yaya tsarin halittar kansa ya samo asali?
Tsawon shekaru dubbai, ruwan zafi mai zafi tare da yanayin zafi daga 30 zuwa 100 ° C sun wanke saman tsaunin. Yawancin lokaci, ƙananan wuraren waha na ma'adinai sun fara kafawa a nan, suna iyaka da travertine kuma suna gangarowa cikin wata kwarya ta ban mamaki tare da gangaren. Saboda yawan narkar da sinadarin bicarbonate a cikin ruwa, tsawon ƙarnuka da yawa, saman dutsen an rufe shi da farin dusar ƙanƙara.
A yau, a cikin yankin da Pamukkale yake, akwai maɓuɓɓugan maɓuɓɓugan ma'adinai 17 cike da wadatattun abubuwa masu sinadarai. Yawaitar baƙi da ke son kallon keɓaɓɓiyar jan hankali da yin iyo a cikin tafkuna masu ɗumi ya ba da ƙarfin ci gaban kayayyakin yawon buɗe ido. Otal-otal da gidajen cin abinci, shaguna da shagunan kayan tarihi sun bayyana a Pamukkale, wanda ya ba masu yawon bude ido damar zama na dogon lokaci. Wata rana hutawa a cikin Gidan Auduga a fili bai isa ba: Bayan haka, ban da mahalli na kansa, akwai abubuwan tarihi masu ban sha'awa da yawa kusa da abin, ba don sanin abin da zai zama babban rashi ba.
Jan hankali a yankin
Hotunan Pamukkale a Turkiyya sun yi matukar burge miliyoyin matafiya kuma a kowace shekara suna ci gaba da jan hankalin matafiya masu yawa zuwa wuraren. Hadadden tsari na halitta wanda aka haɗe shi da gine-ginen tsoffin abubuwa ya zama ainihin tarin yawon buɗe ido. Waɗanne abubuwan tarihi za a iya gani kusa da wurin shakatawa na zafin rana?
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na Pamukkale a Turkiyya, tsoffin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda shine ɗayan mafi girma a ƙasar, ya fito da farko. Tsawon ƙarni, tsarin ya lalace sosai, galibi saboda girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfi. An sake dawo da gidan wasan kwaikwayon sau da yawa, amma ginin ya sake kasancewa kuma an fallasa shi don aikin abubuwan halitta. A cikin karni na 11, ginin ya sami koma baya na ƙarshe kuma an fara amfani dashi don bukatun gida. Sake sake gina filin wasan amphitheater ya ɗauki shekaru 50 kuma ya ƙare ne kawai a cikin 2013.
Hierapolis, wanda yake kusa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi, ya kasance sananne sosai a wurin Romawa, waɗanda ba sa tunanin lokacin hutu ba tare da wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki ba. Filin wasan amphitheater, wanda zai iya daukar 'yan kallo dubu 15, na dogon lokaci ya kasance wani dandamali na yakin gladiator. Ginin ya wanzu har zuwa yau a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi, wanda dogon aikin maidowa ya sauƙaƙe. Ko da a yau, ana iya kiyaye ingantaccen kayan sauti a cikin ginin. Hakanan akwai wuraren zama masu kiyayewa kusa da matakin, wanda aka tsara don baƙi masu girma.
Gidaje na Hierapolis
Hakanan an hango abubuwan da ke gaban Pamukkale da tarkace na tsoffin haikalin Hierapolis. A farkon ƙarni na 3, an gina haikalin a kan yankin tsohon garin, wanda aka keɓe ga tsohon allahn Girka na haske da zane-zane Apollo. Wurin bautar ya zama mafi girman ginin addini a Hierapolis, amma a cikin ƙarnuka, kamar gidan wasan motsa jiki, girgizar ƙasa da yawa ta rusa shi.
A karni na 4, wani haikalin ya bayyana a cikin gari, wanda aka gina don girmama Manzo Filib. Kimanin shekaru 2 da suka gabata, Romawa suka kashe waliyi a Hierapolis, kuma har zuwa kwanan nan, babu wani mai bincike da zai iya gano kabarinsa. A cikin 2016, masu binciken ilimin kimiyyar tarihi na Italiyanci, waɗanda ke yin bincike a cikin gidan sufi har tsawon shekaru 30, har yanzu sun sami damar gano kabarin-kabarin manzon, wanda ya bazu cikin sassan bincike kuma ya mai da Haikalin Philip wuri mai tsarki da gaske.
Abin sha'awa shine Haikalin Pluto, wanda kango ne ke cikin tsohuwar birni. A cikin tatsuniyoyin Girka na da, kwatancin masarautar matattu tare da wata ƙofar ban mamaki wacce take a wani wuri ƙarƙashin ƙasa ana samunta sau da yawa. A cikin 2013, masu bincike na Italiyanci sun gano -ofar Pluto a Pamukkale. Daga cikin kango a ƙarƙashin lardin haikalin, sun sami nasarar gano rijiya mai zurfi, a ƙasan ta sun sami gawawwakin matattun tsuntsaye da mutum-mutumin Cerberus (alamar Pluto). Babban adadin carbon dioxide a bangon rijiyar, wanda ke iya kashe dabba a cikin 'yan mintuna, bai bar tsoffin mazaunan cikin shakku ba cewa a Hierapolis ne ƙofofin zuwa sauran duniyar suke.
Martyry na Saint Philip
An gina ginin a farkon karni na 5 don tunawa da duk shahidan da suka ba da rayukansu saboda imani. An gina wurin bautar a daidai wurin da Romawa suka giciye Saint Philip a cikin 87. Gidan ibadar na da mahimmancin gaske a duniyar Kiristanci, kuma a kowace shekara mahajjata daga ƙasashe daban-daban suna zuwa kango don girmama ƙwaƙwalwar manzo. Rushewar shahidan tana kan tudu; zaku iya tafiya zuwa gare su tare da tsaffin matakan. Ginin kansa da kansa ya lalace sosai yayin girgizar ƙasa, kuma ɓangarorin bango da ginshiƙai ne kawai suka rayu har zuwa yau. Ana samun alamar kirista a kan kowane dutse.
Kogin Cleopatra
Kogin Cleopatra ya daɗe yana jan hankali a Pamukkale. An gina shi a kan maɓuɓɓugan ruwan bazara wanda ruwa mai warkarwa ke gudana, rabin girgizar ƙasa ta lalata rabin tafkin a ƙarni na 7. Ba a cire sassan ginshiƙai da ganuwar da suka faɗa cikin ruwan ba: ana iya ganinsu a sarari a cikin tafkin Cleopatra a Pamukkale da ke Turkiyya. Akwai tatsuniya cewa Cleopatra da kanta tana son ziyartar bazara, amma ba a sami tabbatattun hujjoji don tabbatar da ziyarar sarauniyar Masar ba.
A lokacin shekara, ana kiyaye yawan zafin ruwan zafin a kusan 37 ° C. Mafi zurfin wurin wankan ya kai mita 3. Ziyartar bazara tana da tasirin warkarwa akan duka jiki kuma yayi alƙawarin warkar da fata, cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, da kuma cututtukan da ke tattare da aikin zuciya, ɓangaren hanji, da dai sauransu Gabaɗaya, ruwan ma'adinai na iya sabuntawa da sautin duka kwayoyin. Koyaya, don cimma nasarar da ta dace, tafkin Cleopatra a Pamukkale a Turkiyya yana buƙatar ziyarta sau da yawa a jere.
Pamukkale a cikin hunturu: yana da daraja ziyarta
Yawancin yawon bude ido suna sha'awar ko ya dace zuwa Pamukkale a lokacin sanyi. Ba zai yiwu a amsa wannan tambayar ba tare da shakka ba, tunda irin wannan tafiya tana da fa'ida da rashin amfani. Rashin dacewar farko sun haɗa da yanayi: a cikin watannin hunturu, matsakaicin yanayin zafin rana na yau da kullun a Pamukkale ya fara daga 10 zuwa 15 ° C. Koyaya, yanayin zafi na maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi yana nan kamar lokacin bazara (kimanin 37 ° C). Ruwan kansa yana da dumi da kyau, amma idan ka barshi zaka iya daskarewa da sauri sosai. Idan irin wannan zafin yanayin bai zama matsala ba, to kuna iya zuwa aminci zuwa masaukin shakatawa a cikin ƙarancin lokaci, saboda in ba haka ba tafiyar zata bar kyawawan halaye kawai.
Shin yana yiwuwa a yi iyo a Pamukkale a lokacin sanyi, mun riga mun gano. Yanzu ya rage don fahimtar abin da za a yi bayan maganin zafin jiki. Kamar yadda muka nuna a sama, a kusancin wannan hadadden yanayin na Turkiyya akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa, wadanda suka dace musamman don ziyarta a lokacin hunturu. Da fari dai, a wannan lokacin akwai ƙarancin yawon buɗe ido a Pamukkale. Abu na biyu shi ne, rashin fitowar rana da zafi zai ba ka damar bincika duk abubuwan tarihin da sannu-sannu da kwanciyar hankali. Bugu da kari, otal-otal na gida suna ba da rahusa mai kyau a lokacin hunturu, don haka ku ma ku iya ajiye kuɗi.
Inda zan zauna
A yankin da Pamukkale yake a cikin Turkiyya, akwai zaɓaɓɓun zaɓin otal-otal, na kasafin kuɗi da na alatu. Idan babban dalilin tafiyarku shine ziyartar gidan yanar gizo da kanta da kuma abubuwan jan hankalinsa, to ya fi dacewa ku zauna a wani karamin kauye da ke gefen ƙasan ganuwar dusar ƙanƙara. Kudin rayuwa a cikin ƙananan hukumomi yana farawa daga 60 TL kowace dare a daki biyu. A cikin zaɓuɓɓukan aji ɗaya a sama, tare da wurin wanka tare da karin kumallo kyauta a cikin farashin, yin hayan daki biyu zai ɗauki kimanin 150 TL.
Idan kuna dogaro da kwanciyar hankali a otal ɗin Pamukkale tare da wuraren waha na ɗumi-ɗumi, to ya fi muku kyau ku nemi masauki a yankin ƙauyen da ake shakatawa na Karahayit, wanda yake kilomita 7 arewa da Cotton Castle. Farashin masauki na mutane biyu a cikin irin waɗannan otal ɗin shine 350-450 TL kowace dare. Farashin ya hada da ziyartar wuraren bazara a yankin ma'aikatar da kuma buda baki a kyauta (wasu otal-otal ma sun hada da cin abincin dare). Kuna iya isa daga Karahayit zuwa Pamukkale da tsoffin shafuka ta hanyar taksi ko jigilar jama'a.
Gano Farashi ko sanya kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom
Yadda ake zuwa can
Don fahimtar yadda ake zuwa Pamukkale, yana da mahimmanci a sanya alamar farawa. Yawancin yawon bude ido suna zuwa wuraren jan hankali a matsayin wani ɓangare na balaguro daga wuraren shakatawa na Tekun Bahar Rum da na Aegean. Nisa daga Pamukkale zuwa shahararrun biranen yawon shakatawa kusan iri daya ne:
- Antalya - kilomita 240,
- Kemer - kilomita 275,
- Marmaris - kilomita 210.
Zaku iya zuwa abun cikin kimanin awanni 3-3.5.
Idan kuna shirin tafiya mai zaman kansa zuwa maɓuɓɓugan, zaku iya amfani da motocin bas na kamfanin Pamukkale. Akwai jiragen sama a kowace rana daga kusan dukkan biranen kudu maso yammacin Turkiyya. Za'a iya samun cikakken jadawalin da farashin tikiti a shafin yanar gizon kamfanin www.pamukkale.com.tr.
A halin da ake ciki lokacin da kuke niyyar zuwa Pamukkale daga Istanbul (nisan kilomita 570), hanya mafi sauki ita ce amfani da hanyoyin iska. Filin jirgin sama mafi kusa da tashar yanar gizo shine a cikin garin Denizli. Jiragen sama da yawa na Turkish Airlines da na Pegasus Airlines suna tashi daga tashar jirgin sama ta Istanbul kowace rana.
- Lokacin tafiya daga awa 1 zuwa awa 1 da minti 20.
- Farashin tikiti ya bambanta tsakanin kewayon 100-170 TL.
Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din
Yawon shakatawa
Pamukkale ana ɗauka ɗayan shahararrun hanyoyin balaguro, don haka siyan yawon shakatawa zuwa wani yanki na halitta ba abu bane mai wahala. Kuna iya siyan baucoci ko dai daga jagorori a cikin otal-otal, ko daga ofisoshin tafiye-tafiye na kan titi a wajen otal ɗin. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, akwai nau'ikan balaguro biyu zuwa Pamukkale a Turkiyya - kwana ɗaya da kwana biyu. Zaɓin farko ya dace da yawon buɗe ido waɗanda suka isa hutu na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma suna so su saba da jan hankali cikin gaggawa. Nau'in yawon shakatawa na biyu zai yi kira ga waɗannan matafiya waɗanda ke son zuwa ko'ina kuma na dogon lokaci.
Idan kuna mamakin wane wuri ya fi kusa da Pamukkale a Turkiyya, to, za mu bayyana cewa wannan Marmaris ne. Kodayake Antalya ba ta da nisa sosai daga abin. Hanya za ta ɗauki mafi yawan lokaci don yawon buɗe ido da za su yi balaguro daga Kemer da Alanya.
Farashin tafiya zuwa Pamukkale a wurare daban-daban ya bambanta kusan cikin zangon. Da farko dai, farashin ya dogara da tsawon lokacin yawon shakatawa da mai siyarwar da kanta. Duk yawon buɗe ido ya kamata su sani cewa balaguro tare da jagora koyaushe sun fi tsada fiye da na cikin hukumomin hukumomin Turkiyya.
- A matsakaici, tafiyar kwana ɗaya zata ɗauki 250 - 400 TL, tafiyar kwana biyu - 400 - 600 TL.
- Paidofar tafkin Cleopatra koyaushe ana biya dabam (50 TL).
Duk garin da yawon bude ido da za ku tashi a Pamukkale, balaguron zai gudana da sassafe (da misalin ƙarfe 05:00). A matsayinka na mai mulki, yawon shakatawa na kwana ɗaya ya haɗa da hawa kan bus mai sauƙi, jagorar mai magana da Rasha, karin kumallo da abincin rana / abincin dare. Kudin balaguron kwana biyu bugu da ƙari ya haɗa da kwana na dare a otal na gida.
Zagayewar Pamukkale a Turkiyya ya fara ne da zagayen tsoffin kango na Hierapolis. Bugu da ari, masu yawon bude ido sun je Kwalejin Auduga da kanta, inda, yayin da suke cire takalminsu, sai su yi ta yawo tare da kananan maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi da ɗaukar hoto. Sannan jagorar ya ɗauki kowa da kowa zuwa tafkin Cleopatra. Idan yawon shakatawa na kwana daya ne, to taron yana da ƙarfi, idan tafiya ta kwana biyu ce, to babu wanda ya yi hanzarin kowa. Babu shakka duk balaguron yana tare da ziyarce-ziyarce da yawa zuwa shaguna da masana'antu duk kan hanyar zuwa gani da kuma kan hanyar dawowa.
Amfani masu Amfani
- Lokacin tafiya zuwa Pamukkale a Turkiyya, tabbatar da kawo tabarau. Farin alli da aka ajiye a cikin Fadar auduga a cikin yanayin rana mai saurin bayyana haske, wanda ke fusata fatar mucous na ido.
- Idan kuna shirin yin iyo a cikin tafkin Cleopatra, to yakamata ku kula da kayan haɗin wanka masu kyau (tawul, iyo, ruwan sanyi) a gaba. Tabbas, akwai shaguna a kan yankin hadadden, amma farashin suna da tsada.
- Mun riga mun gano inda mafi kusa yake zuwa Pamukkale a Turkiyya. Amma duk inda kuka tashi, a kowane hali, wata doguwar hanya tana jiran ku, don haka tabbatar da tanadin ruwan kwalba.
- Idan kun yanke shawarar zuwa Pamukkale a matsayin wani ɓangare na balaguro, to ku kasance a shirye don tsayawa akai-akai a masana'antu da shagunan gida. Ba da ƙarfi muke ba da shawarar siyan kaya a cikin waɗannan wurare ba, tunda alamun farashin a cikinsu ana ta hauhawa sau da yawa. Akwai lokuta da yawa na yaudarar masu yawon bude ido a masana'antar giya, lokacin da suke ba da ɗanɗano mai inganci mai ɗanɗano yayin dandanawa, kuma a cikin kwalabe suna siyar da abin sha na daban daban, wanda aka wuce da asali.
- Kada ku ji tsoron siyan yawon shakatawa a Pamukkale (Turkiyya) daga hukumomin titi. Zargin cewa inshorar ku ba za ta kasance mai inganci a irin waɗannan tafiye-tafiye tatsuniyoyi ne da tatsuniyoyin jagorori waɗanda ke yin iyakar ƙoƙarinsu don rasa abokan ciniki.
