Matsayi na yau da kullun don tsayin kujera, zaɓi na ingantattun sigogi

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Kujera kayan daki ne wanda yakamata yayi daidai da aiki, hutawa, ci abinci. Amma tambaya ba kawai game da ta'aziyya ba, matsayin da ba daidai ba na jiki lokacin da zaune zai iya tsokano cututtuka na kashin baya, yana shafar samar da jini ga dukkan gabobin, haifar da jin zafi da gajiya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ɗayan mahimman sharuɗɗan shine tsayin kujera, wanda dole ne a zaɓa ta la'akari da wasu mahimman bayanai. Wannan ra'ayi ya hada ba kawai tazarar daga kasa zuwa babba a kwance ba, har ma da raunin tsayin daka na wurin zama, makunnin hannu, baya-baya.

Mahimmancin girma lokacin zabar kayan daki

Da farko dai, ya kamata ka yanke shawara ko ana sayen kayan daki don takamaiman mutum (misali, don teburin yara ko a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo). Idan kuwa haka ne, to tsarin mulkinsa ne ya kamata a duba. Idan mutane daban-daban zasu yi amfani da kujerar, ana la'akari da matsakaitan matsakaita. A wannan yanayin, ba wai tsayin mutum kawai ke da matsala ba, har ma tsawon ƙafafunsa, rabin jikin sama, tsayin da zane teburin.

Girman kujerar da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba na iya haifar da ciwo a cikin kashin baya, lalacewar gani, saurin gajiya yayin zama a kai. Idan kafafu ba su kai kasa ba, ana matse jijiyoyin mata, wadanda ke ba da jini ga kafafuwa na baya. A sakamakon haka, mutum ya sami nutsuwa a ƙafafu, kuma daga baya, wahalar tafiya. Kujerar da aka kafa da yawa yana sa mutumin da ke zaune yayi laushi, ya tanƙwara kashin baya don kawo idanun kusa da tebur.

Idan, akasin haka, wurin zama ya yi ƙasa kaɗan, to, wurin zama na mutum ya tilasta tsokoki na baya su kasance cikin tashin hankali koyaushe, ɗaga jiki sama da wuri.

Matsayi daidai na jiki akan kujera

Manufofin da suka dace don zama akan kujera sune sigogi masu zuwa:

saman tebur yana da 30 cm daga idanu;
kafafu a gwiwoyi ya kamata su tanƙwara a kusurwar dama kuma su tsaya a ƙasa tare da ƙafafun duka, gwiwoyin su kasance sama da ƙashin ƙugu;
dole ne a sami tallafi a yankin lumbar don tsokoki ba su cikin halin damuwa;
zurfin wurin zama dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa babu matsi a ƙarƙashin gwiwoyi;
nesa daga gwiwoyi zuwa cikin saman teburin bazai zama ƙasa da 10-15 cm ba;
hannaye a kwance saman tebur bai kamata a ɗaga su ba.

Don hana wurin aiki zama abin ƙyama kuma idanunku ba su yin rauni yayin neman abubuwan da kuke buƙata, tebur ya zama aƙalla ƙirar 50 cm.

Lokacin zaune, bai kamata a karkatar da jikin na gaba zuwa gaba ba ko kuma a dawo da shi baya. Zai fi kyau lokacin da baya baya ya kasance a kusurwar dama zuwa wurin zama. Koyaya, lokacin da jin gajiya ya bayyana, ya kamata mutum ya iya jingina kansa ta baya don hutawa.

Daidaitattun ka'idoji

A cikin Tarayyar Rasha, akwai mizanan jihar don kayan gida (GOST 13025.2-85). Ga kujeru da kujerun aiki, ana tsara daidaitattun masu girma masu zuwa:

zurfin zama - don kujera 360-450 mm, don kujera mai aiki - 400-500 mm;
tsawo daga baya daga wurin zama - 165-200 mm;
Faɗin wurin zama - aƙalla 360-450 mm don kujera da 400-500 mm don kujerar aiki.

Gwargwadon matakan kujerar har ila yau suna ƙunshe da tazara tsakanin matattarar hannu - ba ƙasa da 420 mm ba.

Masu kera kayayyakin ɗaki na zamani suna ba abokan ciniki babban haɗin kujeru masu girma dabam-dabam. Don haka, tsayinsu duka na iya zama daga 800 zuwa 900 mm, kuma tsayin wurin zama na kujera ya bambanta daga 400 zuwa 450 mm. Faɗin bayan goyan baya yana da ƙaramin girma na 350 mm kuma zurfin na iya zuwa 500-550 mm. Misali mai cikakken tsayin 750 mm ana ɗauka daidaitacce (la'akari da cewa ƙimar mutum matsakaita ita ce 165 cm). Koyaya, zaku iya lissafin girman girman ku.

Ga mutanen da ke da matsakaiciyar tsayi (daga 162 zuwa 168 cm), girman kujerar da aka ba da shawara ita ce 42-43 cm, babba (daga 168 cm) - 45 cm, ƙasa (kasa da 162 cm) - 40 cm.

Zaɓin da ya dace da duka dangi sune samfura tare da matakan daidaitawa.

Kujeru

Lokacin samar da kwalliyar kwalliya, masana'antun suna jagorantar abubuwa masu zuwa daidai gwargwadon GOST: tsayin gefen gefen wurin zama aƙalla 320 mm, tsayin ƙafafu aƙalla 500 mm, nesa daga sandar kwance ta farko zuwa wurin zama aƙalla 380-420 mm. Yawancin masana'antu a yau suna haɓaka waɗannan sigogi. Don haka, a cikin shaguna zaku iya samun ɗakuna masu tsayi na 420 mm zuwa 480 mm. Ana jayayya da wannan bambancin ta hanyar buƙatar zaɓar samfura masu dacewa dangane da tsawo.

Koyaya, ƙirar ƙirar tare da tsayin 450 mm na iya ɗaukar yara da yara manya da sauƙi. Babban abu shine cewa tsayin kujerar kicin ya dace da girman tebur.

Kujeru masu duwawu

Lokutan da ake amfani da kujeru a cikin ɗakin girki da kujeru masu zaman kansu kawai a cikin ƙungiyar kayan ɗakin falo sun tafi. A yau kasancewar kujera tare da baya yana da karɓa sosai a cikin ɗakin girki, falo, ɗakin kwanciya, hutu da wuraren aiki. Tsayin samfuran girki tare da bayan gida yana cikin kewayon 800-900 mm. A wannan yanayin, nisan daga bene zuwa wurin zama shine 400-450 mm. Matsakaicin madaidaicin baya (ko yankin da bayanka zai iya jingina) yana da akalla 450mm. Banda wasu samfura ne don ƙididdigar mashaya.

Kayan kayan abinci ga gidajen gahawa da gidajen abinci yana da alaƙa da yanayi daban-daban, tsayinsa na iya kaiwa 1060 mm, tsayin baya - 600 mm. A wannan yanayin, nesa daga ƙasa zuwa wurin zama yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 450 mm. Don sanya sauran su zama masu dadi, baya na iya samun lankwasa tsarin aikin dan adam kuma a dan karkatar da shi baya. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na kayan daki ta ƙarin abubuwa masu tsari.

Batun "daidaitaccen tsayi" shima ana yin watsi dashi yayin zabar kujeru masu bangon baya don aiki. Dogaro da yanayin aiki, yana iya zama dole don daidaita tsayin wurin zama da kansa don haka, misali, saka idanu yana matakin ido.

Daidaitacce kujeru

An zaɓi mafi kyawun haɗin tebur da kujerun kujera ta amfani da daidaitattun samfura. Zaɓuɓɓuka suna dacewa a yau, wanda za'a iya sake gina nisa daga ƙasa zuwa wurin zama daga 460 zuwa 600 mm. Yawanci, tsayin daka baya 450 mm kuma faɗin wurin zama 480 mm.

La'akari da cewa mutane ba koyaushe suke zama a kan irin waɗannan kayan ɗakin ba daidai kuma sau da yawa suna canza matsayin jikinsu, ana ƙera samfuran da tsayayyen tsarin tallafi (zai fi dacewa katako biyar). Don dalilai na aminci, diamita na madauwari goyon baya dole ne a kalla 700 mm. Ana tabbatar da motsi ta ƙafafu, ƙarfinsa ya dogara da albarkatun da aka yi amfani dasu.

Wani fasali na tsarin yau da kullun shine daidaitawarsu ga kowane aikin ɗan adam. Wannan na iya zama: na likita (na mai haƙuri ko na likita), ofis, yara, kicin, mashaya, ƙirar asali ko kujerar orthopedic.

Bar

Tsayin sandar sandar bai dace da daidaitattun ka'idodi ba. Da farko dai, yana la'akari da girman kayan aikin gidan abinci da kayan daki. Tsayin samfurai na iya bambanta daga 750 zuwa 850 mm, nisa - ba ƙasa da 460 ba, kuma zurfin - ƙasa da 320. Rudus ɗin karkatarwa don daidaitattun sifofi 450 mm ne, kuma na lumbar - 220.

Tun da ƙafafu ba su kai ƙasa lokacin da suke zaune a kan babban kujera, ana yin yanayi don cushe jijiyoyin mata da jijiyoyin jikinsu. Sabili da haka, ba zai zama mai yawa ba don samun ƙarin ƙafafun kafa a kan irin wannan kujera don tallafi.

Rabon girman kujera da teburin kusa da sandar kamar haka: tare da tebur mai tsayi 90 cm, kujerar kujerar tana nesa da 65 cm daga bene.

Misalin jarirai

Yakamata a gudanar da madaidaicin zaɓi na kujerun yara bisa ga ƙa'idodi:

Ga jarirai har zuwa mita daya tsayi, tsayin tebur ya zama 340-400 mm, tsayin kujera - 180-220.
Ga ɗalibi ɗan shekara 6-7 mai tsayin 110-120 cm, ana ba da shawarar kujera mai tsayin 32 cm, kuma tebur, gami da teburin cin abinci, 52 cm ne.
Yaran da suka fi girma (121-130 cm) suna buƙatar tsayin tebur na 57 cm da kujera - 35 cm Don tsayi daga 131 zuwa 160 cm, tebur 58-64 cm, kujera - 34-38 sun dace.

Ga matasa masu tsayi mafi girma, ana ba da shawarar siyan tebur daga 70-76 cm da kujera daga 42-46 cm.

Lokacin zabar kujera don ɗalibi, ya kamata kuyi la'akari da waɗannan samfuran masu zuwa:

rubutu;
kwamfuta;
gwiwa orthopedic (a matsayin nau'i - tsauri).

Za a iya wadatar da su da kayan ɗamara, duk da haka, masu ilimin kothopedis ba sa la'akari da wannan zaɓin na gyaran jiki.

Yadda za a zaɓi mafi kyau duka girman

Idan kuna buƙatar kujeru don iyali, ana zaɓar samfura don matsakaicin tsayi, ana lissafin la'akari da duk membobinta. Koyaya, don wasu dalilai, yana da kyau ayi zaɓi na mutum. Wannan zai taimaka wajan daidaita madaidaiciya, ba gajiya yayin aikin nutsuwa, da jin dadi da kwanciyar hankali a kujerar. Ana gudanar da zaɓin mutum ɗayan bisa ga tsarin mai zuwa: ninka tsayin mutum ta tsayin tebur kuma raba ta 165. Daga lambar da aka samu, kuna buƙatar cire 40-45 cm (wanda ya fi tsayi, ya fi kusa da 45). Wannan zai zama tsayin daka mafi kyau duka.

Misali, tare da tsayin 174 cm da tsayin tebur na 75 cm, tsayin kujerar da ake buƙata ya zama kusan 39 cm.

Hakanan mahimmanci shine daidai rabo daga tsayin tebur da kujera. A yau, ana yin teburin da tsayinsa yakai 72-78 cm sau da yawa. A lokaci guda, daidaitaccen kujera yana da tsayi 40-45 cm. Idan kujerun na da ƙafafu manya, ya kamata a sami tallafi ƙarƙashin ƙafafun.

Don dacewar zama, zurfin kujerar magana - nesa daga gefen waje zuwa ma'amala tare da baya. Yawancin lokaci ana yin ma'anar wannan siga kamar haka: kashi uku bisa huɗu na tsawon cinya + cman cm don sharewa (tsakanin kujerar gaba da bayan farfajiyar baya). Matsakaicin zurfin wurin zama na kujera ya kasance 360-450 mm, na kujeru - har zuwa 500 mm. Kujerun yara suna da zurfin 200-240 mm (na makarantan sakandare) da 270-360 mm (na yara masu zuwa makaranta).

Tsawon baya shine nisa daga wurin zama zuwa aya a matakin ƙananan gefen gefen kafaɗa. Taimakon lumbar zai yi aiki idan an sanya shi a matakin 5th lumbar vertebra. Yayin da karkatar baya yake ƙaruwa, tsayinsa yana raguwa.

Kujeru kayan gado ne wanda wani muhimmin bangare na rayuwar kowane mutum yake hawa kansa. Zabi daidai yana da mahimmanci. Stupas marasa dacewa ba kawai suna kawo rashin jin daɗi ba, amma har ma suna cutar da lafiya, suna haifar da ciwo a baya, wuya, ƙafafu.